双频激光回馈位移测量研究

提出了一种基于双频激光回馈效应的位移测量系统，并在理论和实验两方面进行了研究.实验中对激光器输出功率变化进行了探测，同时对两正交偏振光的光强变化进行了探测.研究发现当被测物体移动时，激光器输出功率受到调制，物体每移动半个光波长时，回馈信号为调制深度相等的两峰，系统分辨率提高了一倍，达到四分之一光波长.当物体运动方向改变时，两正交偏振光的光强变化顺序也随之改变，可以实现物体位移方向的判断.理论分析及模拟结果与实验结果相符合.研究表明该位移传感系统具有结构简单、分辨率高、可判向、测量范围大、可工作于强回馈区等优点. 关键词： 激光回馈 位移传感 自混合干涉 双频激光器     

双折射双频激光器输出光偏振特性的实验研究

报道了双折射双频激光器输出光偏振特性的实验研究，实验发现双折射双频激光器两端输出的线偏振光的偏振方向并不一致，而相互有一定的旋转角度，实验也再次证明了激光器输出的是正交线偏振光，而不是晶体本征模的椭圆化了的偏振光。     

双频氦氖激光回馈位移测量系统的实验与应用研究

研究了一种全新的纳米尺度位移测量系统。将双折射元件插入He-Ne激光器谐振腔内产生频率分裂效应，使原本单模谐振的激光器输出变成了频差可调的2个正交偏振频率（o光和e光），而形成双频激光器。在激光谐振腔外放置沿激光轴线位移的反射表面，将输出的激光束反射回腔内，以便对激光的光强进行调制，可实现高分辨率非接触式可判向位移测量。提出了一种细分方法，该方法突破了传统干涉系统的衍射极限（1/2波长）。对于633nm波长He-Ne激光，本系统的理想分辨率为1/8波长（约为79nm）。     

基于飞秒光频梳的双频He-Ne激光器频率测量

利用光纤飞秒光频梳和外腔可调谐半导体激光器, 建立了一套双频He-Ne激光器频率测量系统. 选用铷钟作为系统的频率基准, 通过将外腔半导体激光锁定至光频梳使得其频率溯源至铷钟, 再利用外腔可调谐半导体激光与双频He-Ne激光器输出的正交偏振激光拍频, 同时测量两路正交偏振激光频率. 将可调谐半导体激光器锁定至光频梳第1894449个梳齿, 其绝对频率为473612190000.0±2.7 kHz, 相对不确定度为5.7×10^-12. 对商品双频He-Ne激光器进行频率测量实验, 双频He-Ne激光器水平方向偏振激光频率均值为473612229934 kHz, 竖直方向偏振激光频率均值为473612232111 kHz, 平均时间为1024 s的相对Allan标准差为5.2×10^-11, 频差均值为2.177 MHz, 标准偏差为2 kHz.     

几种新型LD泵浦Nd∶YAG双频激光器

介绍了几种LD泵浦Nd∶YAG双频激光器 ,均应用双折射原理实现。一类是利用自然双折射效应 ,在激光谐振腔内加入自然双折射元件 ;另一类则是对YAG晶片加压力 ,使YAG晶片本身成为应力双折射元件。由于双折射效应使激光在谐振腔内产生偏振方向互相垂直的寻常光 (o光 )和非寻常光 (e光 )两种成分。因为o光和e光在双折射元件中有着不同的折射率 ,因此一个激光谐振腔变成了具有两个物理长度的谐振腔 ,从而产生双频激光。改变自然双折射元件或对YAG晶片施加的压力 ,可调谐频差。实验中获得 10 9Hz量级的大频差 ,合成波长可到几十毫米 ,适用于绝对距离干涉测量     

各向异性外腔微片Nd:YAG激光器调频回馈研究

研究了在各向异性外腔下微片Nd:YAG激光器调频回馈特性.作为对比,首先给出了在各向同性外腔下调频回馈结果,激光器输出功率的半波条纹数正比于外、内腔长度之比.在回馈外腔中内置一个四分之一波片,激光偏振态发生规律性跳变,每个纵模带宽内的偏振跳变次数正比于外、内腔长之比,相同外腔长下,回馈条纹再次倍频.进行了基于法布里-珀罗腔等效模型的理论分析,结果和实验相符合.此现象在精密测量领域有潜在应用. 关键词： 光回馈 调频回馈 各向异性外腔 半波条纹数     

具有位移和绝对距离测量能力的回馈干涉系统

提出一种基于半导体激光器泵浦Nd∶YAG微片激光器的回馈干涉系统，适合于非配合目标的位移和绝对距离测量。该测量系统包括移频回馈干涉光学系统，基于泵浦调制的微片激光器调频系统和相敏检波信号处理系统3部分。介绍了移频回馈干涉的原理，给出了位移测量和绝对距离测量应用的原理和测量方法，分析了测量的分辨率。实际测量了发黑工件表面的位移和绝对距离。实验结果表明，该回馈干涉系统灵敏度高，对被测表面反射率的要求很低，兼有对非配合目标的高分辨率位移测量和绝对距离测量的能力。     

激光器内腔频差对双折射外腔激光回馈系统输出影响的理论及实验研究

玻璃材料的内应力关系及所在系统的稳定性、安全性和可靠性,是精密加工领域的重要问题.基于双折射外腔激光回馈效应的应力测量技术以其先进新颖的测量原理受到普遍关注.传统理论普遍认为双折射回馈系统中激光器的输出相位仅由外腔相位延迟决定,而将测量误差归因于外腔镜的非线性运动.本文结合正交偏振激光原理和三镜腔等效模型,测量了激光器的内腔双折射引起的频差大小,进行了频率调谐回馈实验,并根据结论计算了内腔频差对外腔相位延迟测量结果的影响,发现激光器的输出相位由外腔相位延迟、内腔频差、外腔长度共同决定.本文总结了内腔和外腔各向异性共同作用下激光器正交偏振态的相位特性,补充了激光回馈的物理内容,对于应力-双折射、位移、距离等重要参量的精确测量,都具有重要指导意义.     

双频激光技术研究新进展及发展趋势

双频激光器在干涉测量和光学传感等技术领域扮演极其重要的角色。综述了近年来双频激光技术研究的新进展(包括双折射双频He Ne激光器、双折射双频Nd:YAG激光器和双纵模半导体激光器),简要介绍了各种双频激光器的工作原理,分析了这些双频激光器在频差大小、频差稳定性和频差调谐特性等方面的优缺点,指出了今后双频激光技术研究的发展趋势。     

调频微片Nd:YAG激光器光回馈特性的研究

研究了调频微片Nd：YAG激光器的光回馈特性.在没有光回馈的情况下，激光频率每改变一个纵模间隔，激光器输出功率变化一个条纹.有光回馈时，同时改变激光频率和外腔相位，激光器输出功率波动频率正比于内、外腔长度之比.基于三镜腔等效模型的理论分析和实验结果相符合.并且讨论了这一现象在精密测量领域的潜在应用.     

Strong optical feedback in birefringent dual frequency laser

Strong optical feedback in a birefringent dual frequency He--Ne laser with a high reflectivity feedback mirror has been investigated for the first time. The output characteristics of two orthogonally polarized modes are demonstrated in two different optical feedback cases: one is for both modes being fed back and the other is for only one of the modes being fed back. Strong mode competition can be observed between the two modes with strong optical feedback. And when one mode's intensity is near its maximum, the other mode is nearly extinguished. When both modes are fed back into the laser cavity, the mode competition is stronger than when only one mode is fed back. The difference in initial intensity between the two orthogonally polarized modes plays an important role in the mode competition, which has been experimentally and theoretically demonstrated.     

The optimal design for weak optical feedback semiconductor laser with frequency modulation

In this paper the frequency modulation characteristics the semiconductor laserwith weak optical feedback are presented,considering both the frequency deviation and thespurious intensity modulation.The frequency modulation can be realized without spurious in-tensity modulation under proper feedback conditions.There is an optimal feedback intensity tomaximize the frequency deviation.     

Anisotropic optical feedback of single frequency intra-cavity He--Ne laser

This paper presents the anisotropic optical feedback of a single frequency intra-cavity He--Ne laser. A novel phenomenon was discovered that the laser output an elliptical polarized frequency instead of the initial linear polarized one. Two intensities with a phase difference were detected, both of which were modulated in the form of cosine wave and a fringe shift corresponds to a λ/2 movement of the feedback mirror. The phase difference can be continuously modulated by the wave plate in the external cavity. Frequency stabilization was used to stabilize the laser frequency so as to enlarge the measuring range and improve the measurement precision. This anisotropic optical feedback system offers a potential displacement measurement technology with the function of subdivision of λ/2 and in-time direction judgment. The three-mirror Fabry--Perot cavity model is used to present the experimental results. Given the lack of need of lasing adjustment, this full intra-cavity laser can significantly improve the simplicity and stability of the optical feedback system.     

高测速双频激光干涉仪

现代机械工业的发展使得数控机床和三坐标测量机等的运行速度已经达到 10 0 0 mm/ s,而目前商用外差干涉仪的测量速度不能满足这一要求。为此研制了一种基于 5 MHz频差双反射膜激光器的高测速干涉仪。通过实验对干涉仪的测量速度进行了验证。实验证明 ,该种干涉仪可以对速度为 10 0 0 mm/ s的运动物体进行位移和速度测量     

Intensity modulation characters of orthogonally polarized HeNe lasers with different optical feedback level

This paper demonstrates the intensity modulation characters of orthogonally polarized HeNe lasers with different optical feedback level generated by the variable reflectivity of external reflector. The modulation depths of the orthogonally polarized frequencies are increased when the optical feedback level becomes strong. It also observes that the modulation amplitudes are different for different external cavity length. Based on the vectorial extension of Lamb＇s semi-classical theory, it finds that the calculations are consistent with the experimental results.     

External-cavity birefringence feedback effects of microchip Nd:YAG laser and its application in angle measurement

External-cavity birefringence feedback effects of the microchip Nd:YAG laser are presented. When a birefringence element is placed in the external feedback cavity of the laser, two orthogonally polarized laser beams with a phase difference are output. The phase difference is twice as large as the phase retardation in the external cavity along the two orthogonal directions. The variable extra-cavity birefringence, caused by rotation of the external-cavity birefringence element, results in tunable phase difference between the two orthogonally polarized beams. This means that the roll angle information has been translated to phase difference of two output laser beams. A theoretical analysis based on the Fabry--Perot cavity equivalent model and refractive index ellipsoid is presented, which is in good agreement with the experimental results. This phenomenon has potential applications for roll angle measurement.