变色酸双偶氮类试剂与稀土络合物电子光谱的 HMO 方法研究

采用 H(?)ckel 分子轨道法 (HMO) 研究变色酸双偶氮类衍生物与三价稀土离子络合物紫外光谱的最大吸收波长。根据大量的试验数据,优选了稀土离子的库仑积分α_M 的修正参数及与O、N、AsO_3、PO_3等原子或原子团成键参量β_(M～X)的修正参数 k_(M-X) 值,设计了络合物平面共轭体系模型。研究表明稀土离子有类 P 型轨道参加平面共轭体系,为予测该类显色剂与稀土离子络合物的紫外光谱,及新的、能更有效分辨各稀土离子的显色剂提供了理论参考。     

阻抑动力学光度法测定微量氟

1　引　　言动力学光度法对氟离子的测定主要是基于氟离子对二元或三元络合物形成的竞争、抑制或催化作用。陈国树利用Fe3+ 在酸性介质中催化H2 O2 氧化甲基红的褪色反应 ,报道了测定Fe3+ 的方法。我们研究发现 ,F- 可与Fe3+ 络合从而对上述催化反应有明显的抑制作用。进一步研究发现 ,F- 可直接阻抑H2 O2 氧化甲基红的褪色反应 ,据此建立了测定微量氟的阻抑动力学光度分析法。方法简便快速 ,灵敏度较高 ,可用于牙膏、水中氟含量的测定。2　实验部分2 1　仪器和试剂　 72 2型分光光度计 (四川仪表九厂 ) ;CS5 0 1型超级恒温器 (重庆试…     

铽,镝—对羟基苯甲酸—三正辛基氧化膦—Triton X—100荧光反应及其分析应用

1引言稀土元素有机给合物荧光体系的研究已成为一个非常活跃的研究领域，有关的报道日渐增多。本文详细研究了铽、镝-对羟基本甲酸（p-OHBA）一三正辛基氧化膦（TOPO）－TritonX－100体系的荧光特性和影响因素。研究发现在非离子表面活性剂TritonX－100存在下，体系中引人协同配体TOPO形成的三元纪合物的荧光强度较Tb、Dy－P－OHBA二元体系分别提高了320倍和85倍，Tb即为一OHBA－TOPO三元络合物的络合比均为1：3：3。采用多点增量标准加入法测定混合稀土样品中痕量钛和搞，结果令人满意。2操作步骤在25mL比色管中加入一定量的…     

三核钨钼簇合物对苯乙烯氧化反应的催化

关于烯烃的催化氧化,报道较多。Takao等研究了苯乙烯在Ir和Rh络合物存在下的氧化反应;Collman曾报道环己烯在Vaska络合物[IrX(CO)(PPh_3)_2]催化下氧化成环己酮和环已烯氧化物。本文采用Cotton合成的簇合物[W_3O_2(CH_3CO_2)_6(H_2O)_3]Br_2·     

稀土烟酸与8-羟基喹啉三元配合物的合成、表征及荧光光谱

合成了 4种稀土烟酸 (HL)与 8 羟基喹啉 (Hhq)的三元固体配合物 ,对它们进行元素分析 ,确定其通式为REL2 ·hq·2H2 O (RE =La ,Eu ,Tb ,Dy) ,用摩尔电导、TG DTA分析、IR、UV和荧光光谱等研究了配合物的有关性质。结果表明 ,烟酸脱掉羧酸上的质子以酸根的形式与稀土离子呈双齿配位 ,而吡啶环上的氮原子未参加配位。hq- 的羟基氧和杂氮原子与RE3+ 离子配位。配体与稀土配位后 ,配合物中稠环数目增多 ,π键共轭程度增大。配合物中所含的水可能为配位水。荧光光谱研究发现 ,La和Dy的配合物的荧光表现为配体的荧光 ,Eu配合物中心离子的特征荧光峰表现不明显 ,而Tb配合物中配体能有效地将吸收的能量传递给Tb3+ ,敏化Tb3+ 的发光 ,发射较强荧光     

离子液体中Mn(salen)催化环己烯环氧化反应

 研究了离子液体中Mn(salen)络合物催化环己烯的环氧化反应,考察了反应介质、 Mn(salen)络合物催化剂结构和反应条件等对环氧化反应的影响. 在离子液体-CH2Cl2混合溶剂中,以相对廉价的H2O2为氧化剂,得到了高的环己烯转化率和环氧环己烷选择性. 当以邻苯二胺和水杨醛制备的Mn(salen)络合物为催化剂,反应温度为273 K时,在［bmim］BF4-CH2Cl2的混合溶剂中,环己烯的转化率和环氧环己烷选择性分别可达100%和94.0%. 此外,反应结束后,产物可以由正己烷萃取出来,解决了传统均相催化体系中催化剂与产物不易分离的问题.     

含吡唑啉酮三脚架结构的化合物及其稀土配合物的合成、表征及荧光性能

合成了一种含吡唑啉酮的三脚架结构化合物 1,1,1 三 { 1′ [2′ 氧杂 5′ 氧代 5′ ( 1″ 苯基 3″ 甲基吡唑啉酮 4″ 基 )戊基 ] }丙烷 (H3 L)及其 7个稀土配合物。通过元素分析、摩尔电导、质谱、红外光谱、核磁共振谱、荧光光谱等对H3 L及其稀土配合物的组成及性质进行了表征。分析结果表明 :H3 L的分子式为C45H50 N6O9,配合物的组成比为REL·0 5H2 O (RE =La ,Sm ,Eu ,Gd ,Tb ,Dy ,Yb) ;该三脚架形配体分别以醚氧、烯醇氧及吡唑酮环上的羰基氧与稀土离子进行配位 ,形成内配型配合物。荧光光谱分析表明SmL·0 5H2 O ,EuL·0 5H2 O ,TbL·0 5H2 O ,DyL·0 5H2 O配合物具有三价稀土离子的特征线状荧光 ,其中TbL·0 5H2 O的荧光强度最强 ,表明T(配体 )→5D4(Tb)能级更为匹配 ,从而进行分子内能量有效传递 ;由EuL·0 5H2 O的荧光光谱图形推测 ,Eu3 +离子在该配合物中处于非对称中心     

动物胶对铽的荧光增敏机理初探及其在荧光分析中的应用

本文研究了动物胶对铽离子荧光的影响及增敏作用的最佳条件,测定了络合物组成比并对动物胶的荧光增敏机理作了初步探讨。发现了其他稀土金属离子对铽荧光熄灭效应的大小与稀土金属离子基态光谱项密切相关的规律。本体系可应用于不产生荧光熄灭效应的钪、钇、镧、钆、镥等稀土氧化物中铽的荧光测定,方法简便、快速、不需要用特殊试剂。     

一种五元羧酸与Eu(Ⅲ)、Tb(Ⅲ)配合物的结构及光致发光性质

水热条件下利用一种五元有机羧酸分别与稀土铕和铽的高氯酸盐反应合成了二维配位聚合物{[Eu_4(HL)_2(ox)_2(H_2O)_(10)]·3H_2O}n (1)和{[Tb_2(HL)(ox)(H_2O)_5]·2H_2O}n (2)(H_5L=4-(4-羧基苯基)吡啶-2,3,5,6-四羧酸;ox=草酸根离子)。X射线单晶衍射结构分析表明这2个配合物为同构化合物,属单斜晶系,P21/c空间群。草酸根离子可能是由于部分五元羧酸在水热反应过程中发生分解而产生。稀土离子与五元酸及草酸根配体配位,形成了二维平面结构。配合物1和2分别发射铕或铽离子的红色或绿色特征荧光,其绝对量子产率分别为45%和38%。铕配合物中5D0激发态的寿命为1.83 ms,铽配合物中5D4激发态的寿命为1.07 ms。     

乙酰丙酮铕(Ⅱ)稳定常数的测定

稀土的乙酰丙酮络合物的研究已有80多年的历史。三价稀土离子与乙酰丙酮形成络合物的稳定常数早巳系统地测定过^[1]。但是,二价稀土离子,例如铕(Ⅱ)与乙酰丙酮形成络合物的稳定常数未见报道。本文叙述试用pH法测定乙酰丙酮铕(Ⅱ)的稳定常数。     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。