共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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分子信标是一种荧光探针,闭合时呈发夹结构。其5'末端修饰荧光基团,3'末端修饰猝灭基团。当目标存在时,环部与目标结合,发夹打开,发出荧光。锁核酸是一类双环状寡核苷酸衍生物,能够遵循碱基互补配对原则与核酸结合。锁核酸分子信标技术,结合了分子信标无需分离未结合探针而直接检测的优势和锁核酸亲合力强、热稳定性好、抗酶切以及体内无毒等特点,在核酸检测方面具有灵敏度高、特异性好的独特优势,近年来得到广泛关注。本文介绍了锁核酸修饰分子信标的结构、功能、设计要点,及其研究现状和一些重要进展,并讨论了目前锁核酸分子信标在分子识别及生物分析中的应用及存在的问题和发展前景。 相似文献
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核酸适体是从寡核苷酸文库中筛选获得的一段单链寡核苷酸. 由于能与多种靶标分子高特异性结合, 核酸适体已发展成为一种新兴的分子识别工具, 广泛应用于生物医学等领域. 天然核酸文库有限的化学组成限制了核酸适体的结构和功能, 进而限制了其在分子识别中的应用. 功能化核酸适体通过引入特定的化学官能团使核酸序列具有更丰富的构象和功能, 增强其分子识别能力. 然而, 功能化核酸很难与核酸扩增方法兼容, 因而难以使用传统筛选方法进行功能化核酸的筛选. 因此, 优化筛选方法对于获得具有优异性能的功能化核酸适体至关重要. 本综述总结了功能化核酸适体的筛选方法, 并介绍了其作为分子识别工具在生物医学领域中的应用. 相似文献
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自研究者证实外泌体承担了细胞外RNA等物质的运输功能以来, 关于外泌体来源与功能的研究一直备受关注. 近年来外泌体被发现具有作为疾病生物标志物的潜力, 使得拥有特定表面蛋白以及特定装载物的外泌体成为分析化学领域有价值的检测对象. 从化学本质角度来说, 外泌体的获取与分析需要依赖特异性的分子识别过程. 核酸适体作为分子识别单元, 因其特异性强、 亲和力高、 生物活性稳定、 易于合成和保存、 而且其序列和结构上具有可编程性, 易于设计和修饰, 已成功地用在外泌体相关的生物传感体系中. 本文从外泌体的化学组成及其具有生理、 病理意义的组分出发, 从外泌体通用生物标志物识别、癌细胞来源外泌体的检测及外泌体蛋白谱的分析这3个方面综述了以核酸适体作为分子识别单元在外泌体分析领域的代表性工作, 总结了现有的靶向外泌体的核酸适体序列信息以及应用场景, 阐述了利用化学合成与修饰以及DNA自组装等化学调控手段增强核酸适体分子识别性能的最新进展, 并从适用于外泌体分子识别的核酸适体的筛选以及化学修饰的角度, 对未来的研究方向进行了展望. 相似文献
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核酸分子"光开关"的研究进展 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
综述了核酸分子“光开关”的发展及最新动态 ,阐述了它在核酸分子识别分析中的应用 ,并提出了研究核酸分子“光开关”的一些建议和看法 相似文献
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药物分子设计和核酸的分子识别分析 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
分子识别分析理论应用于药物分子设计是新药开发的要求,也是分析化学一个极具潜力的发展方向,分子识别分析不仅为药物分子设计提供了生物大分子的组成,结构基基本信息,还为了解药物分子与生物大分子相互作用位点及作用方式提供了模型,本文评述了与药物分子设计中有关的核酸物质的分子识别分析,它们是设计好的抗癌药物的基础。 相似文献
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以抗体-抗原免疫识别、 核酸碱基互补配对识别以及核酸适体-配体识别这3种分子识别方式分类, 综述了近几年基于分子识别的细菌检测研究工作进展, 总结了细菌检测相关研究存在的一些挑战, 并展望了该领域的发展前景. 相似文献
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稀土氨基酸配合物与核酸的相互作用* 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
很多抗癌金属药物是以核酸为靶标。阐明小分子与核酸之间的相互作用对筛选具有高效选择性和低毒副作用的抗癌药物有重要意义。近年来,开发新型的具有对核酸序列特异性识别能力的抗癌药物己成为本领域的研究热点。稀土离子具有良好的磁学、光学、电学特性和配位能力,使稀土配合物成为新型药物试剂。然而,稀土离子在中性条件下易水解的特性极大地阻碍了稀土配合物对核酸分子识别的研究。近年来在近生理条件下合成的一系列镧系氨基酸配合物具有结构稳定、溶解性好等优点,解决了镧系离子易水解的问题。本文总结了目前关于镧系氨基酸配合物与核酸的相互作用及其序列选择性等方面的研究进展。 相似文献
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Tellurium was successfully incorporated into proteins and applied to protein structure determination through X-ray crystallography. However, studies on tellurium modification of DNA and RNA are limited. This review highlights the recent development of Te-modified nucleosides, nucleotides, and nucleic acids, and summarizes the main synthetic approaches for the preparation of 5-PhTe, 2′-MeTe, and 2′-PhTe modifications. Those modifications are compatible with solid-phase synthesis and stable during Te-oligonucleotide purification. Moreover, the ideal electronic and atomic properties of tellurium for generating clear isomorphous signals give Te-modified DNA and RNA great potential applications in 3D crystal structure determination through X-ray diffraction. STM study also shows that Te-modified DNA has strong topographic and current peaks, which immediately suggests potential applications in nucleic acid direct imaging, nanomaterials, molecular electronics, and diagnostics. Theoretical studies indicate the potential application of Te-modified nucleosides in cancer therapy. 相似文献
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Asem Alenaizan Dr. Kévin Fauché Prof. Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy Prof. C. David Sherrill 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(12):4043-4052
Cyanuric acid (CA), a triazine heterocycle, is extensively utilized for noncovalent self-assembly. The association between poly(adenine) and CA into micron-length fibers was a remarkable observation made by Sleiman and co-workers, who proposed that adenine and CA adopt a hexameric rosette configuration in analogy with previously reported structures for CA assemblies. However, recent experimental observations from the Krishnamurthy group led to a reevaluation of the hexameric rosette model, wherein they have proposed a hydrogen-bonded helicene model as an alternative. Our molecular dynamics simulations show that the hexad model is indeed unlikely and that this novel noncovalent helicene geometry, where the adenine and CA bases form an extended helical hydrogen-bond network across the system, is a more probable structural motif. The existence of noncovalent helicene compounds may have wide-ranging applications in DNA nanotechnology and helicene chemistry. 相似文献
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Dr. Lajos Kovács 《Chemical record (New York, N.Y.)》2023,23(1):e202200203
Nucleic acids play a pivotal role in life processes. The endeavours to shed light on the essential properties of these intriguing building blocks led us to the synthesis of different analogues and the investigation of their properties. First various peptide nucleic acid monomers and oligomers have been synthesized, using an Fmoc/acyl protecting group strategy, and their properties studied. The serendipitous discovery of a side reaction of coupling agents led us to the elaboration of a peptide sequencing method. The capricious behaviour of guanine derivatives spurred the determination of their substitution pattern using 13C, 15N NMR, and mass spectrometric methods. The properties of guanines initiated the logical transition to the study of supramolecular systems composed of purine analogues. Thus, xanthine and uracil derivatives have been obtained and their supramolecular self-assembly properties scrutinized in gas, solid, and liquid states and at solid-liquid interfaces. 相似文献
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Dr. Venubabu Kotikam Prof. Dr. Scott D. Kennedy Prof. Dr. James A. MacKay Prof. Dr. Eriks Rozners 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(17):4367-4372
The development of new RNA-binding ligands is attracting increasing interest in fundamental science and the pharmaceutical industry. The goal of this study was to improve the RNA binding properties of triplex-forming peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) by further increasing the pKa of 2-aminopyridine ( M ). Protonation of M was the key for enabling triplex formation at physiological pH in earlier studies. Substitution on M by an electron-donating 4-methoxy substituent resulted in slight destabilization of the PNA–dsRNA triplex, contrary to the expected stabilization due to more favorable protonation. To explain this unexpected result, the first NMR structural studies were performed on an M -modified PNA–dsRNA triplex which, combined with computational modeling identified unfavorable steric and electrostatic repulsion between the 4-methoxy group of M and the oxygen of the carbonyl group connecting the adjacent nucleobase to PNA backbone. The structural studies also provided insights into hydrogen-bonding interactions that might be responsible for the high affinity and unusual RNA-binding preference of PNAs. 相似文献