碳点嫁接海藻酸钙复合结构的制备及其对Cu2+的检测

基于铜离子与碳点的荧光猝灭作用,建立了用碳点作为荧光探针来检测铜离子的新方法。该方法将碳点还原后再嫁接于海藻酸钙,从而得到一种新型的含还原碳点的海藻酸钙薄膜荧光探针。用荧光分光光度计和紫外-可见分光光度计对探针的荧光特性以及探针与金属离子的相互作用进行了研究。研究结果表明：改性后的荧光探针具有很高的荧光强度,因此可以根据探针荧光强度的变化实现对铜离子的检测,并通过乙二胺四乙酸二钠（EDTA）的作用实现对铜离子的重复检测。铜离子浓度在5×10^-6~100×10^-6 mol·L^-1范围内与该荧光探针的荧光猝灭强度呈良好的线性关系。该方法不仅可以对铜离子检测,更实现了对碳点的固载,该技术有望实现荧光探针的回收再利用。     

铜、钠和钼离子与牛血清白蛋白作用的荧光光谱研究

研究了铜、钠和钼离子对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的荧光强度的影响。铜离子对牛血清白蛋白荧光有明显的静态猝灭现象,其离解常数为2.38×10-4 mol·L-1。氯化钠对BSA溶液的荧光没有影响,说明生理盐水作为生物系统的体液对生命起到很好的保护作用。而钼离子在小浓度时对牛血清白蛋白荧光静态猝灭比较小,当钼离子浓度增加到8.4×10-3 mol·L-1时,则呈现出雪崩猝灭现象。     

壳聚糖碳点的水热法制备及其对金属离子的选择性研究

以壳聚糖为碳源通过水热法合成碳点,对影响碳点荧光强度的水热温度、水热时间和壳聚糖质量分数进行考察。通过紫外分光光度计、荧光分光光度计、原子力显微、Fourier红外光谱仪、X-ray光电子能谱、X射线衍射仪对壳聚糖碳点的光学性质、化学结构、晶体结构、形貌结构等进行表征分析。结果表明,在水热温度200℃、水热时间9 h、壳聚糖质量分数2%的条件下制备得到的壳聚糖碳点量子产率为32.86%。碳点呈现出主要尺寸为3～10 nm的球形颗粒状,且在波长335 nm激发下,发射峰位于410 nm(蓝)。对金属离子的选择性研究分析表明,Fe~(3+)对碳点溶液的荧光猝灭效应最显著,说明碳点对Fe~(3+)具有较好敏感性和高选择性,且荧光猝灭效率对Fe~(3+)浓度在0～100μmol/L范围内呈现线性响应,因此有望将碳点作为荧光探针应用于Fe~(3+)的检测表征。     

基于碳点荧光比率探针的构建及在检测汞离子中的应用

碳点作为新型的碳纳米材料,由于其独特的光学性能及化学稳定性而得到了广泛的关注。本文通过将碳点共价连接到硅包裹的碲化镉量子点的表面,设计合成了基于碳点和量子点的双发射比率探针。研究表明,汞离子能够特异性的猝灭碳点的荧光,并且汞离子浓度与探针荧光强度的关系曲线在500~2.1×104 nmmol·L-1范围内成良好线性关系,该方法的检出限为4.7×10-10 mol·L-1。     

以香烟过滤嘴为原料制备碳量子点应用于多巴胺的测定

以香烟过滤嘴为原料,采用水热法制备碳量子点;基于多巴胺能猝灭碳量子点荧光的实验现象,发展了一种以碳量子点为荧光探针、在p H=8.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中测定多巴胺的分析方法,并探讨了荧光猝灭机理。在选定的实验条件下,当多巴胺浓度在1.2~84.0μmol/L范围内时,荧光强度的猝灭值与浓度呈良好的线性关系,方法的检出限(3σ/k)为0.80μmol/L。采用该方法对实际样品中的多巴胺进行测定,结果满意。     

污染水体溶解有机物诱导荧光猝灭特性的实验研究

溶解有机物的含量是衡量水质的常用指标,利用荧光方法可以实现对自然水体溶解有机物的浓度进行高灵敏在线遥测。文章利用三维荧光光谱技术对溶解有机物进行了荧光表征,实验研究了溶解有机物浓度与荧光强度的关系,以及水体酸碱度和金属离子对荧光强度的影响。研究表明,当溶解有机物浓度在小于10 mg·L-1,pH值在6.5～7.5范围内时,荧光强度与浓度具有很好的线性关系;金属离子对溶解有机物诱导荧光有较大猝灭作用,不同金属离子对诱导荧光强度的猝灭效果有显著不同。     

铕和铽对四（3,4-亚甲二氧基苯基）卟啉的荧光猝灭

通过荧光光谱法研究了铕（Ⅲ）、铽（Ⅲ）两种稀土离子对四（3,4-亚甲二氧基苯基）卟啉（TMPP）荧光强度的影响.在中性介质中,铕（Ⅲ）和铽（Ⅲ）与TMPP相互作用使TMPP的荧光猝灭.实验表明：以DMF为溶剂、420 nm为最大激发波长、655nm为最大发射波长时,TMPP的荧光强度和稀土离子对其荧光猝灭均达到最大值.     

CdTe量子点作荧光探针检测微量铅的方法研究

研究了用表面修饰的CdTe量子点作荧光探针检测水相中的微量铅离子。以巯基丙酸为稳定剂,在水相中合成了CdTe量子点。基于Pb2+对CdTe量子点有显著的荧光猝灭作用,用CdTe量子点作荧光探针,建立了水相中微量Pb2+的定量检测方法。研究结果表明:在优化的实验条件下,当Pb2+浓度在1.0×10-8～1.0×10-6 mol.L-1范围内时,量子点的荧光猝灭强度(ΔF)与Pb2+的浓度之间有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.997 2,计算此方法的检出限为9.3×10-10 mol.L-1,相对标准偏差为5.9%,回收率为86%～110%。同时研究了常见金属离子的干扰作用,结果表明所建立的方法具有很好的选择性。     

壳聚糖包覆的CdTe量子点荧光猝灭法测定吉米沙星

以壳聚糖包覆的CdTe量子点为荧光探针,基于荧光猝灭法建立了吉米沙星定量测定方法。结果表明,体系的荧光强度与吉米沙星浓度在3.46×10-9～3.46×10-7 g.L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 2),线性回归方程为F0/F=1.063 7+0.016 7c(g.L-1)。对2.77×10-7 g.L-1吉米沙星溶液进行7次平行测定的相对标准偏差为2.7%,基于荧光猝灭法相关理论证明了该相互作用过程为静态猝灭。本方法灵敏度高,检测线性范围宽,为吉米沙星定量测定提供了简便可靠的方法。     

四溴荧光素与DNA作用的研究

用荧光光谱和磷光光谱法研究了四溴荧光素(TBF)与DNA的相互作用。探讨了盐效应和乙醇在DNA存在和不存在条件下对TBF体系荧光强度的影响,以及不同pH在DNA存在和不存在条件下对体系磷光强度的影响。由荧光猝灭实验,得到无DNA存在下的荧光猝灭常数为719.74 L·mol-1,有DNA存在下的荧光猝灭常数为880.22 L·mol-1。并通过荧光猝灭实验和磷光偏振实验得出了TBF和DNA的可能作用方式。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.