维数正规化和有限温度下的解析延拓

讨论了维数正规化与有限温度下红外发散积分解析延拓之间的关系,并给出了一种红外发散积分和红外发散求和正规化的方法.     

几种不同产地高岭土的漫反射傅里叶红外光谱分析

分别采用压片法与漫反射法测得几种不同产地高岭土的红外吸收谱图,解析了各高岭土的结构特征与吸收峰值的关系,发现利用漫反射傅里叶红外光谱技术,经K-M函数校正的红外谱图较压片法灵敏度高,也更准确,解析更简单;依据对高频区3700～3600cm-1波数段高岭石OH基特征吸收峰的吸收情况,可快速判断高岭石结晶度,结果与X射线衍射技术所测Hinckley指数(Hi)一致。     

红外光谱计算机辅助解析程序

本文介绍一种人工智能红外光谱解析程序,它是我们提出的1R1S红外光谱解析系统的关键部份。此程序在NLC-1180E微计算机上运行时使用Fortran语言,在Perkin-Elmer 3600数据站上运行时使用Basic语言。建立程序的过程中,我们着重作如下三方面努力:(1)在大量实     

有限温度下无质量场真空图中红外发散的正规化

讨论无质量δ³理论标量场和胶子场三圈真空图中的红外发散和它的正规化,给出了它在D维空间的解析延拓表达式,并讨论了如何分离出交缠发散时的红外发散和共线发散.     

蓝色圆珠笔字迹色痕FTIR光谱解析

本文系统解析了１０８种油墨色痕的傅立叶变换显微红外谱图。根据红外谱图的特征峰,识别了油墨中的溶剂、色科、树脂等组分,这为字迹色痕形成时间的无损分析奠定了基础。     

红外光谱应用新进展及其与色谱指纹图谱对比分析

综述了红外光谱技术在常用中药材鉴定、地方民族药识别、中药炮制、中药注射剂四方面应用最新进展,这些包括加强计算机解析深度,增加药材前处理,利用二维相关红外光谱进行炮制监控等;另外,简述了色谱指纹图谱多组分含量分析框架体系的构建;分析比较红外光谱与色谱指纹图谱技术在中药质量控制领域应用的共性与差异点。     

有限温度下无质量φ3理论中角度红外发散的正规化

讨论了无质量标量场3理论三圈真空图中的角度红外发散以及它的维数正规化方案,并给出了它在D维空间的解析表达式.     

Ⅳ-Ⅵ族半导体材料磁场下的红外介电函数

给出了经典极限下多能谷Ⅳ-Ⅵ族化合物半导体在磁场下的红外介电函数的一般解析表达式,并通过与k·P模型的结合给出了红外介电函数的半经典处理途径。通过对典型Ⅳ-Ⅵ族化合物半导体材料PbTe红外介电函数的计算,讨论了能带非抛物性和载流子浓度在多能谷体系中的分布效应对红外介电函数的影响。 关键词：     

过冷降膜在红外隐身中的应用研究

提出了利用过冷降膜技术对军事目标进行红外隐身的新构想。建立了层流过冷降膜的流动与传热模型,得出了层流降膜自由表面温度分布的解析表达式,分析了影响液膜自由表面温度的各种因素,计算了过冷降膜对军事目标的红外抑制效果。结果表明:过冷降膜是一种简单有效的红外抑制技术,增大液膜流动的Re数和降低液膜入口温度均可增强对特定目标的红外隐身效果,该技术在军事目标的红外隐身方面应用前景广阔。     

关于光学速调管长波长辐射的分析

由波荡器渡越辐射公式和电子通过wiggler边界产生的长波长辐射公式, 解析给出了电子通过光学速调管时产生的长波长辐射公式. 根据基本的电动力学公式数值计算出合肥同步辐射装置光学速调管的长波辐射, 并将其结果与解析公式的结果进行比较. 计算合肥同步辐射装置的光学速调管和弯转磁铁在红外波段范围内辐射的强度和通量, 表明光学速调管有很好的性能.本文说明, 光学速调管不但可以用来进行相干谐波的试验研究, 也可以兼用作储存环中的红外辐射光源.     

转小鼠金属硫蛋白(MT)基因烟草不同器官中金属离子铅和锌的分布

转金属硫蛋白(MT)基因植物具有清除重金属污染的能力,但是金属离子在植物体内的分布研究较少。文章以多代培育纯合的转MT烟草为材料,研究了转MT基因烟草积累铅和锌以及铅和锌在不同器官的分布情况。结果表明转基因植株的老叶、茎部和根部铅和锌积累量显著高于普通烟草植株,整株的铅和锌含量分别提高了21.8%和27.2%。铅和锌在植物体内的分布也发生了变化,转基因植株老叶和根中的铅含量分别高出普通烟草同位置的30.2%和47.8%,锌在转基因植株老叶、茎和根中的含量分别高出普通烟草同位置的44.7%,29.2%和21.6%,说明铅更容易在转基因植株老叶和根中积累,而锌更容易在转基因植株的老叶和茎中积累。     

Effect of ausforming temperature and strain on the bainitic transformation kinetics of a low carbon boron steel

The effect of ausforming temperature and strain on the bainitic transformation kinetics was investigated in a low carbon boron steel. A new mechanism, which is based on the competition between the increase in nucleation rate and the decrease in average volume of bainite sheaf after deformation, is proposed. The increase in nucleation rate is due to the decrease in boron concentration at the grain boundaries after small deformation and the formation of sub-grain boundaries at the grain interior after large deformation. The decrease in average volume of bainite sheaf is ascribed to the frequent impingement of bainite sub-units after deformation. The increase in nucleation rate after deformation results in the decrease in incubation time, which is confirmed from the experiment. The increase in nucleation rate overcomes the decrease in average volume of bainite sheaf, resulting in the increase in transformation velocity and volume fraction after small deformation. On the contrary, the decrease in the average volume of bainite sheaf overcomes the increase in nucleation rate after large deformation, leading to the decrease in transformation velocity and volume fraction of bainite.     

石墨狭缝中甲烷吸附的分子动力学模拟

用分子动力学模拟研究石墨狭缝中甲烷的吸附,考察狭缝宽度和温度对甲烷吸附的影响.模拟发现甲烷在石墨狭缝中出现分层现象,吸附层中甲烷具有类液特征,第一吸附层内甲烷中总有两个氢原子的连线与另外两个氢原子的连线分别位于平行于狭缝壁的两个平面内,游离层中甲烷呈现气体的特征;碳原子间的平均作用势说明吸附层中甲烷分子间结合能力大于游离层,吸附态是甲烷在石墨狭缝中的主要赋存形式之一;伦敦力以及由吸附层净电荷产生的电场力是甲烷吸附和分层的主要原因;甲烷的吸附量随狭缝宽度增大或温度升高而减少,当狭缝宽度小于16.46Å时,甲烷仅以吸附形态存在.甲烷在第一吸附层中的扩散能力最弱、游离层中最强,甲烷扩散系数随狭缝宽度的增大或温度的升高而增大.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定鸭粪中铜和锌的含量

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定白洋淀生态养鸭场中饲料及鸭粪中的铜和锌含量,测定结果为饲料中的铜含量范围在9.7-61.55mg/kg,锌含量范围在63.14-149.07mg/kg,在禽类饲料中铜、锌含量属于较低的类型;鸭粪中铜含量范围在13.71-94.74mg/kg,锌含量范围在156.98-346.31mg/kg,参...     

降雨对无线激光通信的影响

通过激光信号在雨介质中传输的实验发现,在大雨环境下,激光信号透射率要比在小雨或微雨的情况下大。这说明光信号在小雨时衰减较大,在大雨时衰减较小。这一现象与人们通常所认为的有所不同。针对降雨对激光信号的影响,根据Mie散射理论和Weibull雨滴尺寸分布模型,分析了不同尺寸的粒子对光的散射作用以及对衰减效率因子的影响,推导出单球粒子对光波的衰减公式,得到了衰减与降雨率的确定关系。通过数值计算发现,与小粒子相比大粒子的前向散射光强更大且更加集中;激光信号在雨介质中传输时,衰减系数在小雨时较大,中雨、大雨时较小,暴雨时不断增大。这一结果与实际情况较吻合,为激光在通信系统中的应用提供了一定的理论依据。     

Thermodynamically equilibrium roton states of nanoparticles in molten and vapour phases

We show a possibility for a thermodynamically equilibrium nanocrystalline structure consisting of nanosized solid inclusions to appear in a melt just beyond the melting curve. Thermodynamic stability of the nanocrystalline structure in the melt results from the free energy lowering due to rotational motion of nanoparticles. The main contribution to the reduction of the free energy of the system is due to an increase in the rotational entropy and change in formation energy of nanocrystals, i.e. the nanocrystalline structure in the melt, like vacancies in a crystal, is an equilibrium defect structure of the melt. It is demonstrated that similar nanocrystalline structures can also appear in the vapour phase in the form of liquid nanodrops and in liquid solutions, e.g. in He II.     

水溶液中微量Cu元素的激光诱导光谱检测

采用普通打印纸作为基底置于含有痕量重金属离子的水溶液中,用于富集溶液中的重金属Cu元素,烘干后用激光诱导击穿光谱进行定量分析。该方法克服了用激光诱导击穿光谱方法直接分析液相样品中重金属含量时存在水的溅射和灵敏度低等不足。实验中选用324.7 nm的光谱线作为分析线,研究了光谱强度与富集时间的关系,建立了用于溶液中Cu元素定量测量的校正曲线,检测限达到0.023 mg·L-1。为水体中重金属检测提供了一个可行的具有良好灵敏度分析技术。     

Changes in ADC caused by tensile loading of rabbit achilles tendon: evidence for water transport

Water diffusion measurements were performed on rabbit Achilles tendons during static tensile loading and tendons in an unloaded state. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was measured along two directions: parallel and perpendicular to the long axis of the tendon. Tendons were studied after being prepared in two ways: (a) after being stored frozen in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and (b) freshly isolated. Statistically significant directional anisotropy was observed in the ADC in all tendons. The ADC was significantly greater in the direction parallel to the long axis of the tendon than in the perpendicular direction. The anisotropy is attributed to the greater restrictions seen by the water molecules in the perpendicular direction and is consistent with the known geometry of the tendon. Storage in PBS caused tendons to swell. This increased the ADC measured along both directions and reduced the anisotropy. The existence of anisotropy in the ADC was not related to the orientation of the specimen in the magnet. The ADC increased along both directions following the application of a 5-N tensile load; the increase was greatest along the perpendicular axis of the tendon. In order to determine whether load-related changes in the ADC reflected changes in interfibrilar spacing, we used electron microscopy to measure load-related changes in fibril spacing. Load-related changes in fiber spacing could not account for the observed changes in the ADC. The increase in ADC caused by loading was attributed to the extrusion of tendon water into a bulk phase along the outside surface of the tendon. In PBS-stored samples, enough fluid was extruded that it could be visualized. The transient response of the ADC to a 5-N tensile load was also studied. The absolute ADC in both directions increased with loading and recovered to baseline upon unloading. The transient changes in ADC, for both loading and unloading, had a mean time constant of approximately 15 min. The magnitude of the load-induced transient ADC changes was comparable to that seen in the static-loading experiments.     

Preparation of the Speech-LanguagePathologist Specializing in Voice: An Educational Survey

This study investigates the academic and clinical preparation a speech-language pathologist receives in the area of voice. The purpose is to determine how to structure continuing education and specialty training in vocology, defined as the science and practice of voice habilitation. Surveys were sent to the graduate programs in speech-language pathology accredited by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) in 1994, and again in 1999. Results from the 1994 survey indicated that students received limited information and clinical experience in handling typical voice cases. Although most programs required a voice disorders course, fewer mandated coursework in normal voice production or clinical experience with voice patients. The follow-up survey showed that the educational environment in 1999 is similar to that in 1994. It is evident that the programs are in compliance with the Educational Training Board model developed by ASHA for basic clinical competence, but no structure for specialty training has yet emerged.