共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
腔内中性原子的长时间控制与俘获一直是腔量子电动力学(QED)中的一个难题,极大地制约了人们相干操控单原子及其与光相互作用的研究.基于传统Fabry-Perot光学腔,设计了一套易于内腔原子操控的强耦合腔QED系统,其典型参数为:腔长3.5 mm精细度约为57000,(g0,κ,γ)=2π×(1.48,0.375,2.61)MHz,临界光子数和原子数分别为1.54和0.89.该系统的特点是:能够在腔内直接实现冷原子磁光阱,并建立腔内光学晶格,实现腔内可控数目的中性原子的长时间俘获.通过合理选择构建光学偶极阱和原子成像系统,可实现对腔内单个原子或原子阵列的操控、探测、成像等.该系统可以克服传统腔QED系统中转移原子的困难,大幅增加腔内原子的寿命,为构建以腔QED系统为基础的量子信息演示平台提供了一种可能. 相似文献
2.
J. A. Behr S. B. Cahn S. B. Dutta A. Görlitz A. Ghosh G. Gwinner L. A. Orozco G. D. Sprouse F. Xu 《Hyperfine Interactions》1993,81(1-4):197-202
An experimental program is under way to capture neutral francium atoms in a magneto-optic trap. Production and transport of the radioactive Fr atoms near to the trapping region have been tested, with a steady state of 107 atoms. If one hundred atoms are captured from the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution into a magneto-optic trap, this will be a sufficient number for spectroscopy of the unknown excited states. These measurements would then open the path to investigations of parity-violating transitions in francium. 相似文献
3.
We demonstrate trapping of an ultracold gas of neutral atoms in a macroscopic ac electric trap. Three-dimensional confinement is obtained by switching between two saddle-point configurations of the electric field. Stable trapping is observed in a narrow range of switching frequencies around 60 Hz. The dynamic confinement of the atoms is directly visualized at different phases of the ac switching cycle. We observe about 10(5) Rb atoms in the 1 mm3 large and several microkelvins deep trap with a lifetime of approximately 5 s. 相似文献
4.
M. H. Holzscheiter 《Hyperfine Interactions》1993,81(1-4):71-85
A first step towards producing and effectively utilizing antihydrogen atoms consists of trapping antiprotons. The immediate next step must then be to control, i.e. trap, the produced antihydrogen. The current state of the art in trapping antiprotons and positrons is reviewed, and the challenges in trapping the resulting neutral particles are discussed. 相似文献
5.
Andresen G Bertsche W Boston A Bowe PD Cesar CL Chapman S Charlton M Chartier M Deutsch A Fajans J Fujiwara MC Funakoshi R Gill DR Gomberoff K Hangst JS Hayano RS Hydomako R Jenkins MJ Jørgensen LV Kurchaninov L Madsen N Nolan P Olchanski K Olin A Povilus A Robicheaux F Sarid E Silveira DM Storey JW Telle HH Thompson RI van der Werf DP Wurtele JS Yamazaki Y;ALPHA Collaboration 《Physical review letters》2007,98(2):023402
We have demonstrated storage of plasmas of the charged constituents of the antihydrogen atom, antiprotons and positrons, in a Penning trap surrounded by a minimum-B magnetic trap designed for holding neutral antiatoms. The neutral trap comprises a superconducting octupole and two superconducting, solenoidal mirror coils. We have measured the storage lifetimes of antiproton and positron plasmas in the combined Penning-neutral trap, and compared these to lifetimes without the neutral trap fields. The magnetic well depth was 0.6 T, deep enough to trap ground state antihydrogen atoms of up to about 0.4 K in temperature. We have demonstrated that both particle species can be stored for times long enough to permit antihydrogen production and trapping studies. 相似文献
6.
Dotsenko I Alt W Khudaverdyan M Kuhr S Meschede D Miroshnychenko Y Schrader D Rauschenbeutel A 《Physical review letters》2005,95(3):033002
We optically detect the positions of single neutral cesium atoms stored in a standing wave dipole trap with a subwavelength resolution of 143 nm rms. The distance between two simultaneously trapped atoms is measured with an even higher precision of 36 nm rms. We resolve the discreteness of the interatomic distances due to the 532 nm spatial period of the standing wave potential and infer the exact number of trapping potential wells separating the atoms. Finally, combining an initial position detection with a controlled transport, we place single atoms at a predetermined position along the trap axis to within 300 nm rms. 相似文献
7.
在中性原子的磁囚禁实验中,磁阱线圈的电流噪声会激发磁阱中的原子运动,势必对原子团的温度和寿命产生不可忽视的影响。对于非简谐阱,这种激发具有能量选择特性,它又取决于电流噪声的频谱分布。选择了实验中常用的四极阱为研究对象,用直接模拟蒙特卡罗方法来模拟四极阱中原子运动的参变激发现象,得到了原子温度与原子数损失随激发频率的变化关系,并进一步计算了两个共振峰处原子温度随调制时间和调制深度的变化曲线。此外,还研究了弹性碰撞速率对参变激发过程中原子温度上升的影响。这些结果对四极阱参变激发的实验有较好的参考价值。 相似文献
8.
We report on the trapping of long-lived strongly magnetized Rydberg atoms. 85Rb atoms are laser cooled and collected in a superconducting magnetic trap with a strong bias field (2.9 T) and laser excited to Rydberg states. Collisions scatter a small fraction of the Rydberg atoms into long-lived high-angular momentum "guiding-center" Rydberg states, which are magnetically trapped. The Rydberg atomic cloud is examined using a time-delayed, position-sensitive probe. We observe magnetic trapping of these Rydberg atoms for times up to 200 ms. Oscillations of the Rydberg-atom cloud in the trap reveal an average magnetic moment of the trapped Rydberg atoms of approximately -8microB. These results provide guidance for other Rydberg-atom trapping schemes and illuminate a possible route for trapping antihydrogen. 相似文献
9.
Kishimoto T Hachisu H Fujiki J Nagato K Yasuda M Katori H 《Physical review letters》2006,96(12):123001
Three-dimensional electrodynamic trapping of neutral atoms has been demonstrated. By applying time-varying inhomogeneous electric fields with micron-sized electrodes, nearly 10(2) strontium atoms in the 1S0 state have been trapped with a lifetime of 80 ms. In order to design the electrodes, we numerically analyzed the electric field and simulated atomic trajectories in the trap, which showed reasonable agreement with the experiment. 相似文献
10.
Miniaturized magnetic guide for neutral atoms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J. Fortagh H. Ott A. Grossmann C. Zimmermann 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2000,70(5):701-708
We describe the principle and realization of a miniaturized magnetic guide for neutral atoms. The magnetic guide in our experiment
is formed by a micrometer-sized current-carrying wire which is attached to a second, thick wire. The conductors are electrically
insulated from each other. The combined magnetic field of both conductors provides an approximately linear trapping potential
which establishes a magnetic guide along the surface of the thin wire. The miniaturized waveguide is filled with rubidium
atoms from a magneto-optical trap (MOT) by first loading the atoms into a spherical magnetic quadrupole trap which is subsequently
transformed into the linear potential of the waveguide. As thermal source for Rb atoms we use an alkali metal dispenser which
is located close to the center of the MOT. This novel method is compatible with ultrahigh vacuum conditions and we achieved
lifetimes of the magnetically trapped atoms up to 100 s.
Received: 18 October 1999 / Published online: 24 March 2000 相似文献
11.
We here report on the realization of an electrodynamic trap, capable of trapping neutral atoms and molecules in both low-field and high-field seeking states. Confinement in three dimensions is achieved by switching between two electric field configurations that have a saddle point at the center of the trap, i.e., by alternating a focusing and a defocusing force in each direction. The ac trapping of 15ND(3) molecules is experimentally demonstrated, and the stability of the trap is studied as a function of the switching frequency. A 1 mK sample of 15ND(3) molecules in the high-field seeking component of the |J,K=|1,1 level, the ground state of para-ammonia, is trapped in a volume of about 1 mm(3). 相似文献
12.
13.
We demonstrate an experimental setup for the production of a beam source of cold 87Rb atoms. The atoms are extracted from a trapped cold atomic cloud in an unbalanced three-dimensional magneto-optical trap. Via a radiation pressure difference generated by a specially designed leak tunnel along one trapping laser beam, the atoms are pushed out continuously with low velocities and a high flux. The most-probable velocity in the beam is varied from 9 m/s to 19 m/s by varying the detuning of the trapping laser beams in the magneto-optical trap and the flux can be tuned up to 4×109 s-1 by increasing the intensity of the trapping beams. We also present a simple model for describing the dependence of the beam performance on the magneto-optical trap trapping laser intensity and the detuning. 相似文献
14.
Crossed vortex bottle beam trap for single-atom qubits 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We demonstrate trapping and quantum state control of single cesium atoms in a 532 nm wavelength bottle beam trap. The three-dimensional trap is formed by crossing two unit charge vortex beams. Single atoms are loaded with 50% probability directly from a magneto-optical trap. We achieve a trapping lifetime of up to 6 s and demonstrate fast Rabi oscillations with a coherence time of T(2)~43±9 ms. 相似文献
15.
一种新颖的实现冷原子或冷分子囚禁的可控制光学四阱及其二维光学晶格 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
原子光学晶格为精确操控中性原子和研究某些基本物理问题提供了一种方法。提出了一种利用单光束照明余弦型振幅光栅与透镜组合系统实现冷原子或冷分子囚禁的可控制光学四阱新方案,计算了四阱的光强分布,讨论了从光学四阱到双阱或单阱的演化过程,并导出了光学四阱的几何参量、光强分布、强度梯度及其曲率与光学透镜系统参量间的解析关系,获得了四阱间距与光栅空间频率的关系。研究表明通过改变余弦光栅的空间频率即可实现从光学四阱到双阱或单阱的连续双向演化。 相似文献
16.
三维拉曼边带冷却后的铯原子样品装载于一个磁悬浮的大体积交叉光学偶极阱中, 继续加载一个小体积的光学偶极阱后, 实现了Dimple光学偶极阱对铯原子的高效装载. 对不同磁场下磁悬浮大体积光阱的有效装载势能进行理论分析与实验测量, 得出最优化的梯度磁场和均匀偏置磁场, 获得了基于磁悬浮大体积光阱的Dimple光学偶极阱的装载势能曲线, 实现了Dimple光学偶极阱对经拉曼边带冷却后俘获在磁悬浮的大体积光阱中的铯原子样品的有效装载. 比较了Dimple光学偶极阱分别从拉曼边带冷却、大体积的交叉光阱和消除反俘获势后的磁悬浮大体积光阱装载的结果, 将俘获在磁悬浮大体积光阱中的铯原子样品装载到Dimple光学偶极阱, 铯原子样品的密度提高了约15倍. 相似文献
17.
Guest JR Scielzo ND Ahmad I Bailey K Greene JP Holt RJ Lu ZT O'Connor TP Potterveld DH 《Physical review letters》2007,98(9):093001
We have demonstrated Zeeman slowing and capture of neutral 225Ra and 226Ra atoms in a magneto-optical trap. The intercombination transition 1S0-->3P1 is the only quasicycling transition in radium and was used for laser-cooling and trapping. Repumping along the 3D1-->1P1 transition extended the lifetime of the trap from milliseconds to seconds. Room-temperature blackbody radiation was demonstrated to provide repumping from the metastable 3P0 level. We measured the isotope shift and hyperfine splittings on the 3D1-->1P1 transition with the laser-cooled atoms, and set a limit on the lifetime of the 3D1 level based on the measured blackbody repumping rate. Laser-cooled and trapped radium is an attractive system for studying fundamental symmetries. 相似文献
18.
《Hyperfine Interactions》1997,109(1-4):1-32
The study of CPT invariance with the highest achievable precision in all particle sectors is of fundamental importance for
physics. Equally important is the question of the gravitational acceleration of antimatter.
In recent years, impressive progress has been achieved at the Low Energy Antiproton Ring (LEAR) at CERN in capturing antiprotons
in specially designed Penning traps, in cooling them to energies of a few milli-electron volts, and in storing them for hours
in a small volume of space. Positrons have been accumulated in large numbers in similar traps, and low energy positron or
positronium beams have been generated. Finally, steady progress has been made in trapping and cooling neutral atoms.
Thus the ingredients to form antihydrogen at rest are at hand. We propose to investigate the different methods to form antihydrogen
at low energy, and to utilize the best of these methods to capture a number of antihydrogen atoms sufficient for spectroscopic
studies in a magnetostatic trap.
Once antihydrogen atoms have been captured at low energy, spectroscopic methods can be applied to interrogate their atomic
structure with extremely high precision and compare it to its normal matter counterpart, the hydrogen atom. Especially the
1S-2S transition, with a lifetime of the excited state of 122 ms and thereby a natural linewidth of 5 parts in 1016, offers in principle the possibility to directly compare matter and antimatter properties at a level of 1 part in 1018.
Additionally, comparison of the gravitational masses of hydrogen and antihydrogen, using either ballistic or spectroscopic
methods, can provide direct experimental tests of the Weak Equivalence Principle for antimatter at a high precision.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
J. Schmiedmayer 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》1995,60(2-3):169-179
We present new ways of trapping a neutral atom with static electric and magnetic fields. We discuss the interaction of a neutral atom with the magnetic field of a current carrying wire and the electric field of a charged wire. Atoms can be trapped by the 1/r magnetic field of a current-carrying wire in a two-dimensional trap. The atoms move in Kepler-like orbits around the wire and angular momentum prevents them from being absorbed at the wire. Trapping was demonstrated in an experiment by guiding atoms along a 1 m long current-carrying wire. Stable traps using the interaction of a polarizable atom with the electric field of a charged wire alone are not possible because of the 1/r
2 form of the interaction potential. Nevertheless, we show that one can build a microscopic trap with a combination of a magnetic field generated by a current in a straight wire and the static electric field generated by a concentric charged ring which provides the longitudinal confinement. In all of these traps, the neutral atoms are trapped in a region of maximal field, in theirhigh-field seeking state.Dedicated to H. Walther on the occasion of his 60th birthday 相似文献