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1.
This paper deals with the diffraction of a plane electromagnetic wave by metallic gratings. Some calculations have already been achieved on an UNIVAC 1110 computer in both ultraviolet and visible regions.  相似文献   

2.
Pour les éléments de transition dans un état S soumis à un champ cristallin axial les axes de quantification des spins électroniques et nucléaires ne sont pas parallèles. Nous avons obtenu une expression de l'opérateur hyperfin de l'hamiltonien de spin qui tient compte de la modification apportée aux interactions des spins électroniques et nucléaires par les contraintes imposées par un champ cristallin à un ion paramagnétique.  相似文献   

3.
This paper presents a study of the coupling between a source and a fibre bundle. A ray trace numerical simulation was used to examine the effects of geometrical and optical parameters of the concentrator and the fibre bundle. We compare the results of the computer program with measurements obtained in the case of a light emitting diode and a single lens.  相似文献   

4.
5.
Photoionization of gazes by the far UV radiation of a laser produced plasma is observed. Maximum electronic number density is estimated to be 1013 cm−3 at 7 cm from the target. The energy of ionizing photons lies between 85 eV and 130 eV.  相似文献   

6.
7.
We propose several simple models to study the physical origin and respective importance in surface analysis of different mechanisms of enhanced atomic mobility in sputtered samples, and their influence on the depth resolution of the analysis. We study successively the effects of point defects created by the irradiation, collision cascades (effects of atomic displacements and also thermal spikes) and knock-on. The enhanced diffusion due to point defects is shown to be dominant in low melting point elements where vacancies are mobile. In other systems where vacancies are not mobile during analysis the effect of knock-on by primary ions is shown to be the most important.  相似文献   

8.
《Infrared physics》1982,22(5):313-315
With mechanical vacuum pumps, small periodical variation of pressure generally cannot be avoided even when a large ballast is used. This is the situation above a pumped liquid helium bath. The pressure variations are detected with a sensitive electret microphone and are as small as 1.3 μtorr. They induce a temperature variation in the liquid helium bath which is of the order of 55 μK. This temperature variation is measured with a germanium bolometer and corresponds closely to the pressure variation which has been independently measured with the microphone.We describe a multiple copper baffle placed above the liquid helium bath which has been shown to reduce temperature fluctuation by two orders of magnitude, and the liquid helium consumption by a factor five.  相似文献   

9.
Les auteurs ont observéun décalage des raies d'absorption d'un gaza`basse pression sous l'action d'un fort rayonnement microonde non résonnant. Une interprétation théorique utilisant le formalisme de l'hamiltonien habilléen est proposée. On montre que le décalage de fréquence observéest dûa`l'effet Stark dans un champ variant rapidement.  相似文献   

10.
Résumé On explicite la structure des dérivations d'une algèbre de Lie complexe à radical abélien quelconque, et on étudie également le cas réel.
We make explicit the structure of certain derivations of a complex Lie algebra with Abelian radical and also consider the real case.
  相似文献   

11.
An unusual use of the echelette grating (incident wavevector is not perpendicular to the grooves) seems to allow the construction of a spectrometer (or monochromator) the high transmission of which does not depend on the wavelength.  相似文献   

12.
Nous appliquons une méthode de calcul simple à l'étude des phonons optiques dans une monocouche reconstruite (2 × 1) constituant la surface (001) d'un cristal cubique simple monoatomique. Les fréquences des phonons localisés calculées sont en bon accord avec celles obtenues par la méthode exacte des fonctions de Green. L'application de la méthode utilisée à l'étude des phonons de surface dans le cadre de modèles plus réalistes est envisagée.  相似文献   

13.
It appears that at high temperature, experimental results for the thermal expansion of solids do not obey the Grüneisen law. Hence, we propose two expressions representing them correctly, one for temperatures between 0.2 and 2θ, and another for temperatures over 2θ (θ being the Debye temperature).  相似文献   

14.
Acoustic waves have been excited in a flame seeded with potassium. We show that the amplitude of the excited wave is proportional to the frequency of a harmonic perturbation imposed on the plasma. This suggests a means of ultrasonic excitation, the limitations of which are analysed.

Laboratoire Associé au Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (C.N.R.S.).  相似文献   

15.
16.
Using a molecular beam, we study the transitions induced by collisions with molecules of a scattering gas. The experimental method uses a H2CO beam apparatus which allows the observation of rotational transitions . The target gas is NH3. The application of a static electric field E considerably modifies the collision induced transition probabilities; the transitions become forbidden when Eis intense. An experimental method is deduced to select transitions on a molecular beam. We initially prepare the system to be in the level (i) before entering the scattering chamber. After scattering, the population ratio n f/n i is measured as a function of the target gas pressure P T. We determine the state to state cross-section of H2CO. When the pressure P T becomes intense, the effect is non linear. It is shown that this effect results of many collisions. We compare theory with experimental results. This experimental method gives a model for relaxation process studies in two energy level systems. Re?u le 30 juin 1999 et re?u sous forme finale le 14 décembre 1999  相似文献   

17.
The Schrödinger equation for a hydrogenic atom with a screened Coulomb potential has been solved using both the variation method and the Numerov numerical method. The atomic parameters, such as the eigenvalues, the mean electron radii, the radial integrals and the number of bound states are calculated and compared with the values for the unperturbed atom.

It is found that for a few of the atomic states with positive eigenvalues (metastable states), the preionisation probability is definitely larger than the spontaneous probability of transition toward the lower bound atomic states.

The effect of the screening parameter on the eigenvalues, the mean radii and the radial integrals is illustrated with a few tables and figures.  相似文献   


18.
The dislocation-phonon interaction has been experimentally studied on GaAs:Te single crystals and discussed using the Klemens' theory. A controlled heat treatment allows to distinguish this specific mechanism even for non-stoichiometric material.  相似文献   

19.
Dans le cas de molécules polyatomiques une bande donnée est souvent accompagnée de satellites, bandes chaudes, bandes isotopiques, combinaisons. Celles-ci ne sont pas toujours séparables et les moments spectraux mesurés sont alors ent?achés d'erreurs. Nous donnons ici des formules permettant, `a partir des moments mesurés pour le massif de bandes (ces derni`eres sont supposées de profils identiques) d'obtenir les moments vrais pour chacune des bandes composantes. Les formules sont données pour un nombre quelconque de bandes puis explicitées pour une et deux bandes chaudes. L'expression des termes correctifs obtenus ne dépendant pas de l'origine choisie, on montre alors qu'il est facile de tenir compte simultanément de la correction de bandes chaudes et d'une autre interaction comme celle de vibration rotation par exemple. Enfin, `a titre d'exemple, la méthode est appliquée au cas de la bande v 3 de la molécule OCS comprimée par l'argon. Les corrections obtenues sont loin d'?etre négligeables et peuvent m?eme changer l'ordre de grandeur du couple carré moyen calculé `a partir des moments.  相似文献   

20.
Phase variations are transformed into intensity variations by means of interferometry. It is then possible to form a visible image of a pure phase object. But then information on the sign of the phase or the direction of surface relief is lost. Principles of a method for extracting only the imaginary part of the complex amplitude of the object, which is an odd function of the phase, are studied. From this it is possible to obtain the sign of the phase.  相似文献   

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