基于荧光猝灭原理的光纤溶解氧传感器研制

采用锁相放大技术研制了基于荧光猝灭原理的光纤溶解氧传感器,并组装了其测试系统。该系统采用高亮度蓝色LED作为光源,光电倍增管作为探测器,光栅光谱仪作为分光仪器,并使用SR830锁相放大器来检测荧光与激发光之间的相移。测定了相移差与调制信号频率、占空比之间的关系。实验结果表明,频率为60kHz、占空比为10%的矩形调制信号能使传感器的检测精度达到最大,对光纤溶解氧传感器的进一步研究具有参考意义。     

一种基于荧光猝灭原理的光纤氧气传感器

用钌 (Ⅱ ) 邻菲咯啉配合物作为指示剂 ,研制成功一种基于荧光猝灭原理的光纤氧气传感器。采用锁相放大技术 ,实现了对弱荧光信号的检测。该传感器的检测下限为 5× 10 -6,检测精度为 5× 10 -7,响应时间T≤ 10s,并具有较强的抗干扰能力、较好的重复性和稳定性。     

激光诱导水体中DOM的荧光猝灭特性分析

以355 nm激光为激发光源,在实验室中用激光诱导荧光(LIF)方法以不同浓度的腐殖酸为测量样品研究了水体中溶解有机物(DOM)的荧光猝灭特性。研究表明,随着腐殖酸浓度的增加,水拉曼散射强度逐渐减弱,当浓度为40 mg·L-1时,水拉曼散射信号几乎完全被DOM的荧光基态分子所吸收,而DOM的荧光强度随着浓度的增加,先是线性增加,当浓度为16 mg·L-1时,荧光强度达到最大,再继续增加腐殖酸浓度,荧光强度则缓慢降低。因此,通过对不同浓度下腐殖酸荧光猝灭特性的分析,可以更加有效的实现水体中DOM浓度的探测。     

Effect of Lumophore and Plasticiser Concentration on The Heterogeneity of Oxygen Quenching in Thin Film Oxygen Sensors

Kinetic heterogeneity of the luminescence decay and oxygen quenching of Pt and Pd octaethylporphyrin/ethyl cellulose (OEP/EC) thin film oxygen sensors has been investigated with respect to (a) concentration of lumophore and (b) addition of plasticiser. The source of kinetic heterogeneity shown by PtOEP films under N₂ is a monomer–dimer equilibrium in which the dimer luminescence decays with k = 0.0527×10⁶ s⁻¹ and the monomer luminescence with k = 0.0101×10⁶ s⁻¹ and K _D = 790 (±20) mol dm⁻³. For PdOEP/EC films there is no detectable aggregation and luminescence decays under N₂ show good fits to single exponential curve fits at all concentrations studied. The addition of either tripbutyl phosphate or dimethylphthalate as plasticiser does not decrease kinetic heterogeneity for oxygen quenching of luminescence in the films.     

Statistical Meaning of the Excited-State Quenching Probability Found by a Fluorescence Depolarization Method

It is shown that the probability of quenching the excited electronic state of complex molecules, which is obtained from the vapor fluorescence depolarization, is averaged over the configurations of collisions with the quencher molecules with a collisional chaotization weight factor, i.e., it is transformed by this factor. The conditions under which this probability is close to the conventional one averaged only over the configurations of collisions are discussed. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikaldnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 72, No. 4, pp. 563–564, July–August, 2005.     

碳量子点荧光猝灭法测定饮料中日落黄

以柠檬酸为碳源制备碳量子点(CQDs),所得碳量子点被394 nm的光激发后在484 nm处有较强的荧光发射,最大吸收波长为482 nm的日落黄能强烈猝灭碳量子点的荧光。基于该现象,发展了一种以碳量子点为荧光探针测定日落黄的分析方法,并探讨了荧光猝灭机理。在选定的实验条件下,该分析方法的线性检测范围为0.1~100μmol/L,检出限(3σ/k)为0.051μmol/L。     

Fluorescence quenching of water-soluble porphyrins by molecular oxygen

Quenching by molecular oxygen of excited states of water-soluble anionic 5,10,15,20-tetarkis-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-porphyrin (H₂TSPP) and cationic 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-(4-N-methylpyridyl)-porphyrin (H₂TMPyP) in aqueous ethanol was investigated. It was found that fluorescence quenching of dissociated (in water) and undissociated (in ethanol) forms of H₂TSPP was diffusion-controlled and occurred at distances close to contact ones (0.5–0.8 nm). Fluorescence of the dissociated form of H₂TSPP was quenched with rate constant k_S that was 1.7 times greater than that of the undissociated form. It was proposed that this was due to a decrease in the porphyrin molecule oxidation potential on going from the undissociated to the dissociated form. It was shown that the most probable reason for the dramatic increase in the rate constant of the fluorescence quenching of H₂TMPyP in water compared with that of H₂TSPP was the low-lying intramolecular charge-transfer state typical of H₂TMPyP. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 75, No. 2, pp. 170–176, March–April, 2008.     

自发射荧光猝灭测定Gemini阴离子表面活性剂胶团聚集数

Gemini表面活性剂C11pPHCNa分子联接链上的对苯氧基在激发下自发射荧光。当浓度超过0.45 mmol·L-1时,激发光谱谱带的拓扑结构发生一系列变化,导致不同于对应的吸收光谱。由于联接链上的对苯氧基明显猝灭了外加探针芘发射的荧光,所以不能用传统的方法测定这类胶团的聚集数。文章利用甲基紫精(MV2+)可有效猝灭C11pPHCNa分子自发射荧光的原理,建立了测定这类胶团平均聚集数的方法。由该方法获得C11pPHCNa胶团平均聚集数为20.6;在溶液体相摩尔比为3∶7的C11pPHCNa/C₁₂-S₂-E₁-C₁₂·2Br体系中,混合胶团的平均聚集数为11.8。     

氨基化碳量子点荧光猝灭法测定焦性没食子酸的研究

以葡萄糖为原料,通过一步水热法合成稳定性高的碳量子点,并用乙二胺使其表面氨基化。焦性没食子酸能使氨基化的碳量子点荧光明显猝灭,由此建立一种简便、高效检测焦性没食子酸的新方法。考察了缓冲体系p H、反应时间、反应温度等对焦性没食子酸测定的影响。结果表明,在pH=11.20的三酸缓冲溶液中,室温反应20 min时,体系的F0/F与焦性没食子酸的浓度呈良好的线性关系,其线性范围为4.0×10~(-6)~9.0×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1),相关系数r=0.997 4,检出限为3.5×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)。该方法快速简便,适用于水样中焦性没食子酸的检测。     

Fluorescence Quenching of 2-Amino-9-Hydroxy Fluorene by Chloromethanes

Fluorescence quenching of 2-amino-9-hydroxyfluorene by CCl₄, CHCl₃, and CH₂Cl₂ was investigated in solvents of different polarity. The results reveal that the mechanism of quenching is purely dynamic (complex formed in excited state). The bimolecular quenching-rate constants (k_q) correlate well with electron affinity of the quenchers. They are also dependent on the polarity of the solvents, confirming the formation of charge-transfer nonemissive exciplex.     

盐酸丁卡因与赤藓红的荧光猝灭反应及其分析应用

在pH 4.0的弱酸性介质中,盐酸丁卡因(TA·HCl)与赤藓红(ET)形成1∶1的离子缔合物,导致赤藓红溶液荧光猝灭。当分别于最大激发/最大发射(λ_ex/λem)525 nm/556 nm进行测量时,荧光猝灭值(ΔF)与TA·HCl浓度在0.28～4.8 μg·mL-1范围呈良好的线性关系。该方法灵敏度高,检出限为0.083 μg·mL-1。考察了共存物质的影响,表明方法有良好的选择性。据此发展了一种高灵敏、简便快速测定微量TA·HCl的新荧光分光光度法。该法用于人血清及尿样中盐酸丁卡因的含量测定,结果满意。文章还研究了反应体系的荧光特性,并结合量子化学AM1计算对荧光猝灭机理进行了讨论。     

Simultaneous Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging of Unburnt and Reacting Areas in Combustion Fields Using a KrF Excimer Laser

Simultaneous two-dimensional imaging of an unburnt area and a reacting area was performed using laser-induced fluorescence. Acetone was added to fuel as a tracer, and OH radical was used as a marker of the reacting area. A narrow band tunable KrF excimer laser (248 nm) was employed to excite acetone and OH simultaneously. Two intensified CCD cameras with different wavelength filters were used to detect these two kinds of species respectively. Detecting 294-314 nm (A-X (3, 2), etc.) for OH and 335-410 nm for acetone, we obtained images of each species without interference of a signal from the other. The method was also successfully applied to flames in a pressurized combustion chamber under the pressure of 0.5 MPa.     

Tm:YAG晶体光谱的温度特性及荧光的温度淬灭

通过测量不同温度下Ｔｍ：ＹＡＧ晶体的吸收光谱、荧光光谱和荧光寿命发现,温度是影响Ｔｍ：ＹＡＧ晶体光谱特性的重要因素。温度升高不仅引起Ｔ：ＹＡＧ晶体吸收光谱、荧光光谱的加宽和新光谱线的产生,而且引起荧光淬灭现象的发生。     

Competition Between Energy Transfer and Deactivation During Quenching of Tryptophan Fluorescence of Albumin by Dye Molecules

Using quenching of Trp fluorescence by different dyes, bound to bovine serum albumin, it is shown that the spectral overlap between emission and absorption spectra does not necessarily lead to energy transfer as the sole quenching mechanism. A correlation of the limiting quenching value with the Förster overlap integral was not observed. The energy transfer efficiency was less than the quenching efficiency because of competitive radiationless deactivation processes induced by dye binding.     

NO分子A2Σ→X2Π双光子激光感生荧光光谱

以Nd∶YAG激光器抽运光学参变振荡器 /光学参变放大器做为激发源 ,得到了NO分子在 2 2 0～ 35 0nm波长范围内的双光子激光诱导荧光光谱 ,并将其归属于A2 Σ(ν′ =0 )→X2 Π(ν″ =1～ 8)跃迁 ,用最小二乘法拟合获得NO分子X2 Π态振动常量″ωe =(190 4 .7± 7.3)cm-1,″ωe ″xe =(14 .2± 1.2 )cm-1,″ωe″ye=- (0 .0 2 18± 0 .0 0 91)cm-1,及平衡位置的力常量k =(1.5 99± 0 .0 12 )× 10 3 N·m-1。计算了所得跃迁谱带的弗兰克康登因子及相对荧光强度 ,结果与实验观测值相符。这可为用激光诱导荧光光谱技术探测大气污染物NO分子提供理论及实验参考     

Intramolecular Fluorescence Quenching of Crowned 7-Aminocoumarins as Potential Fluorescent Chemosensors

The effects of the nature of solvent, temperature and complex formation with alkali and alkaline-earth metal cations, as well as protonation, on the efficiency and the kinetics of fluorescence of 3-azacrowned 7-diethylaminocoumarins have been studied. For the crown-ethers under investigation, the ratio of a dipole moment to the radius of Onsager cavity delta micro/rho is a constant value, and a macrocycle does not affect delta micro, and rho. The fluorescence of coumarin 1 in acetonitrile is quenched by an electron donor, triethylamine, with the Stern-Volmer constant being equal to (0.474+/-0.009) M(-1). The decrease in coumarin 1 fluorescence quantum yield upon the introduction of N-alkylazacrown moiety into position 3 is caused by an intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer from the nitrogen atom of macroheterocycle to the coumarin moiety, where the excitation is localized. The fluorescence quenching has an activation energy 2.32+/-0.05 kcal/mol in various hydrocarbons, and does not depend on the solvent viscosity. The fluorescence kinetics of free crowned coumarins in methanol is not monoexponential because of the existence of macrocycle conformers, or because of the hydrogen bond complex formation between the solvent and the nitrogen atom of macrocycle, in which the efficiency of intramolecular electron transfer is different. Upon complex formation with alkali and alkaline-earth metal cations and upon protonation, the fluorescence quantum yield increases and fluorescence decay becomes monoexponential.     

污染水体溶解有机物诱导荧光猝灭特性的实验研究

溶解有机物的含量是衡量水质的常用指标,利用荧光方法可以实现对自然水体溶解有机物的浓度进行高灵敏在线遥测。文章利用三维荧光光谱技术对溶解有机物进行了荧光表征,实验研究了溶解有机物浓度与荧光强度的关系,以及水体酸碱度和金属离子对荧光强度的影响。研究表明,当溶解有机物浓度在小于10 mg·L-1,pH值在6.5～7.5范围内时,荧光强度与浓度具有很好的线性关系;金属离子对溶解有机物诱导荧光有较大猝灭作用,不同金属离子对诱导荧光强度的猝灭效果有显著不同。     

羧酸型聚芴/二氧化钛杂化材料的制备及其荧光猝灭行为

通过Suzuki偶合反应合成了聚[9,9-二辛基芴-9,9-双(丙酸基)芴](PF8COOH),并采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了羧酸型聚芴/二氧化钛(TiO₂)杂化材料。通过核磁共振氢谱(¹H NMR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、X射线衍射(XRD)和荧光发射光谱对聚合物及其杂化材料进行了表征,并研究了杂化材料的荧光猝灭行为。结果表明,所合成的PF8COOH数均分子量为19 600,PF8COOH的紫外-可见吸收和荧光发射光谱较聚(9,9-二辛基芴)(PF8)均发生红移。通过溶胶-凝胶法制得了PF8COOH/TiO₂杂化材料,其中TiO₂主要为金红石型。杂化材料出现明显的荧光猝灭现象,TiO₂含量越大则杂化材料的荧光猝灭现象越明显。羧基的引入可使聚芴与TiO₂之间的相互作用增强,电子更容易从聚芴向TiO₂转移,因而PF8COOH/TiO₂杂化材料的荧光猝灭现象比PF8/TiO₂杂化材料更明显。     

利用铕(Ⅲ)-诺氟沙星-十二烷基硫酸钠的 光致发光及稀土敏化荧光法测定硫酸新霉素的浓度

室温下,在pH=7.4的氨-氯化铵缓冲溶液中,铕(Ⅲ)与诺氟沙星反应形成稳定络合物,产生稀土敏化荧光,其最佳激发、发射波长分别为λ_ex=340 nm、λ_em=612 nm,表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)的加入使其荧光强度进一步增加。在该反应体系中加入适量硫酸新霉素溶液,铕(Ⅲ)与诺氟沙星络合物的激发、发射峰位置不变,但荧光强度降低,据此建立了灵敏的测定硫酸新霉素的荧光分析方法。硫酸新霉素的浓度在0.909~22.72 mg/L范围内符合线性关系。该方法的检出限为0.40 mg/L,可用于片剂及滴眼液中硫酸新霉素含量的测定,快速、简便、结果满意。6次平行测定的回收率为90.5%~102.3%,相对标准偏差为1.4%~3.5%。     

Homogeneous Detection of Specific DNA Sequences by Fluorescence Quenching and Energy Transfer

The use of fluorescence quenching and energy transfer in DNA hybridization assays is reviewed. Placement of DNA probe labels within interacting distances by hybridization of DNA probes to target DNA or to one another allows rapid homogeneous analysis of specific DNA sequences. Due to the inherently lower sensitivity relative to heterogeneous assays, the fluorescence assays have been coupled with DNA amplification methods such as PCR to provide highly sensitive, clinically relevant homogeneous assays which can be performed in closed systems.