Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Five-Membered O,N-Heterocycles

The development of new strategies for the synthesis of five-membered O,N-heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in oxygen- and nitrogen-containing five-membered heterocyclic compounds synthesis is presented, focusing on the developments in the past 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of five-membered O,N-heterocycles.     

Synthesis of Fused Five-Membered N,N-Heterocycles Using Microwave Irradiation

The development of new strategies for the synthesis of fused heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in the synthesis of fused five-membered heterocyclic compounds containing two nitrogen atoms is presented, focusing on the developments in the past 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of fused five-membered N,N-heterocycles.     

Insight into Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Benzo Derivatives of Five-Membered N,N-Heterocycles

The development of new strategies for the synthesis of small-sized heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in nitrogen-containing benzo derivatives of five-membered heterocyclic compounds synthesis is presented here, focusing on the developments in the past 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of benzo derivatives of five-membered N,N-heterocycles.     

Environmentally Benign Synthesis of Five-Membered 1,3-N,N-Heterocycles by Microwave Irradiation

The development of new strategies for the synthesis of small-sized heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in the synthesis of five-membered heterocyclic compounds containing two nitrogen atoms is presented, focusing on the developments in the past 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of five-membered 1,3-N,N-heterocycles.     

Role of Microwaves in the Synthesis of Fused Five-Membered Heterocycles with Three N-Heteroatoms

The development of new strategies for the synthesis of small-sized heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in three nitrogen atoms containing fused five-membered heterocyclic compounds synthesis is presented, focusing on the developments in the past 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of N,N,N-heterocycles. The literature data are summarized based on the type of cycles.     

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Five-Membered O-Heterocycles

The development of new strategies for synthesis of five-membered O-heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in oxygen-containing five-membered heterocyclic compound synthesis is presented, focusing on the developments in the past 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of five-membered O-heterocycles.     

Recent Impact of Microwave-Assisted Synthesis on Benzo Derivatives of Five-Membered N-Heterocycles

The development of new strategies for the synthesis of small-sized heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in nitrogen-containing benzo derivatives of five-membered heterocyclic compounds synthesis is presented here, focusing on the developments in the past 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of benzo derivatives of five-membered N-heterocycles.     

Advances in Microwave-Assisted Synthesis for Five-Membered N-Heterocycle Synthesis

The development of new strategies for the synthesis of small-sized heterocycles hasremained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing five-membered heterocyclic compounds is presented, focusing on the developments in the past 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of N-heterocycles.     

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis: Fused Five-Membered N-Heterocycles

The development of new strategies for the synthesis of small-sized heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in nitrogen-containing fused five-membered heterocyclic compounds synthesis is presented, focusing on the developments in the past 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of fused N-heterocycles.     

Microwave-assisted synthesis of five-membered S-heterocycles

The development of new strategies for synthesis of five-membered S-heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in sulfur-containing five-membered heterocyclic compounds synthesis is presented, focusing on the developments in the last 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of five-membered S-heterocycles under microwave and combined effect of microwave and solid-phase.     

Review on the Synthesis of Six-MemberedN,N-Heterocycles by Microwave Irradiation

Abstract

The development of new strategies for synthesis of small-sized heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in the synthesis of six-membered heterocyclic compounds containing two nitrogen atoms is presented, focusing on the developments in the past 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of N,N-heterocycles.     

Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Six-Membered O,O-Heterocycles

The development of new strategies for synthesis of six-membered O,O-heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in two oxygen atoms containing six-membered heterocyclic compounds synthesis is presented, focusing on the developments in the past 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of six-membered O,O-heterocycles.     

A fast and highly efficient protocol for Michael addition of N-heterocycles to α,β-unsaturated compound using basic ionic liquid [bmIm]OH as catalyst and green solvent

A fast and green protocol for the Michael addition of N-heterocycles to α,β-unsaturated compounds at room temperature was developed using a basic ionic liquid, 1-methyl-3-butylimidazolium hydroxide, [bmIm]OH, as a catalyst and a reaction medium. The reactions were performed at room temperature with good yields in short reaction times (0.5-3 h). This strategy is quite general and it works with a broad range of N-heterocycles, including five-membered N-heterocycles, pyrimidines and purines. The recovered ionic liquid could be reused for several cycles with consistent activity.     

Greener and Expeditious Synthesis of Fused Six-Membered N,N-Heterocycles Using Microwave Irradiation

The development of new strategies for the synthesis of fused heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in the synthesis of fused six-membered heterocyclic compounds containing two nitrogen atoms is presented, focusing on the developments in the past 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of fused N,N-heterocycles.     

Applications of Microwaves in the Synthesis of Polycyclic Six-Membered N,N-Heterocycles

The development of new strategies for the synthesis of polycyclic heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in the synthesis of six-membered polycyclic heterocyclic compounds containing two nitrogen atoms is presented, focusing on the developments in the past 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of six-membered polycyclic N,N-heterocycles.     

Perspectives of ionic liquids applications for the synthesis of five- and six-membered O,N-heterocycles

A considerable attention has been paid on the use of ionic liquids in chemical research. Modern synthetic chemistry is benefited as ionic liquid methodology provided an environmentally benign approach. In comparison to traditional processes the use of ILs resulted in improved, complimentary or alternative selectivities in organic synthesis. This review focuses on the advances in the development of innovative applications of ionic liquids for the synthesis of five- and six-membered O,N-heterocycles.     

Solid–Liquid Phase Alkylation of N-Heterocycles: Microwave-Assisted Synthesis as an Environmentally Friendly Alternative

The solid–liquid phase alkylation of a variety of five-membered N-heterocycles (carbazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, and indole-3-carbaldehyde) was carried out under different conditions. The use of alkali carbonate in dimethylformamide or in MeCN (in the latter case, in the presence of a phase-transfer catalyst) is a suitable method to prepare the corresponding N-alkylated products in an efficient way. In most cases, the solventless, microwave-assisted reaction is an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional methods.     

Metal-free and azide-free synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles derivatives

1,2,3-Triazoles, significant five-membered ring N-heterocycles, are main structural moieties in well-designed materials, pharmaceutical agents, bioactive products, and synthetic intermediates. In the research of life sciences and pharmaceuticals, by seeing the spacious applications of 1,2,3-triazoles, the progress of metal-free method is exceedingly desirable to evade the heterocyclic product metal contamination. Moreover, on a larger scale, the toxicity and explosiveness of azides makes azides discommode and hard to hold, to synthesize 1,2,3-triazoles. The need to steer the development of the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles toward more maintainable synthesis is a pressing issue. There are rare methods to construct 1,2,3-triazoles under azide-free and metal-free environments. These rare methods are compiled in this review. The afford of the collection and compilation of azide-free and metal-free synthesis methodologies of 1,2,3-triazole in single podium is supportive and crucial for synthetic chemist to extend the diversity of the synthesis of 1,2,3-trizoles through green protocol.     

Review of Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Benzo-Fused Six-Membered N,N-Heterocycles

The development of new strategies for synthesis of fused heterocycles has remained a highly attractive but challenging proposition. An overview of the application of microwave irradiation in nitrogen-containing benzo-fused six-membered heterocyclic compounds synthesis is presented, focusing on the developments in the past 5–10 years. This contribution covers the literature concerning the total synthesis of benzo-fused N,N-heterocycles.     

Synthetic modifications of bifunctional homoallylamines: Synthesis of 2-arylpiperidines, (R)-anatabine and (R)-anabasine

The chiral homoallylamines with orthogonal bifunctional handle, an amine, and a pendant allyl unit are available to be easily converted into N-heterocycles. The N-allylation and Ru-catalyzed ring-closing metathesis delivered the bioactive 2-arylpiperidines, Nicotiana tabacum alkaloids (R)-anatabine and (R)-anabasine in three steps. A formal synthesis of (R)-N-methylanatabine and (R)-N-methylanabasine is also completed.