首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 12 毫秒
1.
The phonon modes having frequencies less than 3 THz in the high symmetry directions of LaF3 are reported. These are compared to the results of previous optical studies. A previously unobserved branch of low group velocity is found near 1.2 THz polarized both parallel and perpendicular to the basal plane. Its significance for the lifetimes of zone boundary acoustic phonons is discussed.  相似文献   

2.
Neutron diffuse scattering measurements on concentrated NiPt alloys are used to illustrate the determination of lattice distortions in concentrated alloys. The calculated distortions are in satisfactory agreement with theoretical values.  相似文献   

3.
The principal results concerning the scattering of charge carriers by acoustical and optical lattice vibrations together with the scattering of carriers by ionized impurities are summarized. The methods of determining some scattering factors in the case of mixed scattering are described.  相似文献   

4.
We review current research on minerals using inelastic neutron scattering and lattice dynamics calculations. Inelastic neutron scattering studies in combination with first principles and atomistic calculations provide a detailed understanding of the phonon dispersion relations, density of states and their manifestations in various thermodynamic properties. The role of theoretical lattice dynamics calculations in the planning, interpretation and analysis of neutron experiments are discussed. These studies provide important insights in understanding various anomalous behaviour including pressure-induced amorphization, phonon and elastic instabilities, prediction of novel high pressure phase transitions, high pressure-temperature melting, etc.   相似文献   

5.
The coherent scattering length of208Pb was measured by means of the neutron interferometry method and the value ofb c =9.494(29) fm was obtained.  相似文献   

6.
Diffuse scattering measurements on a Pd-1 at.% Gd alloy are used to illustrate the polarized neutron method for the study of static lattice distortions in dilute alloys. The observed displacements are in semi-quantitative agreement with theoretical values.  相似文献   

7.
We report polarized neutron scattering studies of spin-wave excitations and spin fluctuations in the lattice antiferromagnet KFe3(OH)6(SO4)2 (jarosite). Inelastic polarized neutron scattering measurements at 10 K on a single crystal sample reveal two spin gaps, associated with in-plane and out-of-plane excitations. The polarization analysis of quasi-elastic scattering at 67 K shows in-plane spin fluctuations with XY symmetry, consistent with the disappearance of the in-plane gap above the Néel temperature . Our results suggest that jarosite is a promising candidate for studying the 2D XY universality class in magnetic systems.  相似文献   

8.
It is shown that elastic constants which usually can be determined in single crystals only may be measured in polycrystals by inelastic coherent neutron scattering. Measurements are reported for polycrystalline samples of aluminium, copper and stainless steel. The method is best suited for the determination of the elastic constants connected with transverse phonons.  相似文献   

9.
As proposed by Bredovet al. [2, 3] the phonon spectrum can be obtained approximately from coherent neutron scattering by polycrystals if suitable averages over scattering angles are considered. The accuracy of this method is estimated by comparison with analytical results for simple lattice models (discussed here in particular for Aluminium). The errors are about 5% for low order moments and about 50% near van Hove singularities for “cold” neutrons (wavelength of the order of the nearest-neighbour-distance).  相似文献   

10.
The small angle neutron scattering diffraction patterns from the flux line lattice state in the layered hexagonal superconductor CaAlSi are observed. Under an applied magnetic field (H) parallel to the crystalline c-axis, a hexagonal vortex structure is observed over the entire temperature/field regions. On the other hand, the vortex configuration under Ha shows an ellipsoidal arrangement of the first-order Bragg peaks due to the anisotropic penetration depth. It was inferred from these results that the vortex state characterized by penetration depth and coherence length in CaAlSi may be described by that of anisotropic uniaxial superconductor using London theory.  相似文献   

11.
12.
At Trombay, lattice dynamics studies employing coherent inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments have been carried out at the two research reactors, CIRUS and Dhruva. While the early work at CIRUS involved many elemental solids and ionic molecular solids, recent experiments at Dhruva have focussed on certain superconductors (cuprates and intermetallics), geophysically important minerals (Al2SiO5, ZrSiO4, MnCO3) and layered halides (BaFCl, ZnCl2). In most of the studies, theoretical modelling of lattice dynamics has played a significant role in the interpretation and analysis of the results from experiments. This talk summarises the developments and current activities in the field of inelastic neutron scattering and lattice dynamics at Trombay.  相似文献   

13.
Coherent inelastic neutron scattering techniques are employed to measure several branches of the phoon dispersion relation in KNO3 in its orthorhombic (α-phase or phase II) form at room temperature. Group theoretical selection rules for external modes of the crystal have been used in the measurements along the three symmetry directions Σ(ξ00), Δ(0ξ0) and Λ(00ξ). Theoretical investigation of the lattice dynamics of the crystal is carried out on the basis of a rigid molecular-ion model using the external mode formalism. A two-body potential consisting of the Coulombic interaction and the Born-Mayer type short range interaction is assumed. The effective charges and radii of different atoms are determined by applying the stability criterion for the crystal. Dispersion curves are calculated, representation by representation, making use of group theoretical information. Comparison of theoretical results with experimental information on elastic constants, optical data and neutron results are made. Agreement between theoretical and the various experimental results may be considered very satisfactory.  相似文献   

14.
Two methods are presented for the determination of some parameters in semiconductors for mixed scattering of current carriers. One method requires a knowledge of the effective mass, the other requires a knowledge of the mobility caused by the scattering of current carriers on acoustic lattice vibrations. The necessary dependences are presented in the form of graphs and tables.The author expresses his thanks to Prof. E. Klier and Dr. P. Höschl for comments on and discussion of this paper.  相似文献   

15.
We applied a time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering technique to the vesicle system of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine for the first time to determine lipid kinetics. The observed kinetics could be explicitly represented by a simple model that includes two independent kinetic parameters, i.e., the rates of transbilayer and interbilayer exchange. This technique is perfectly suited for the determination of lipid exchange kinetics in equilibrium and applicable to evaluation of the activity of the factors relevant to lipid migration, such as translocase and lipid transfer proteins.  相似文献   

16.
The lattice dynamics of lanthanum cobaltite is investigated using the coherent inelastic neutron scattering technique in a temperature range from 10 to 536 K, in which two phase transitions are observed: a change in the Co spin state and a metal-insulator phase transition. The measurements were performed using an IN8 high flux thermal neutron triple-axis spectrometer (ILL, Grenoble). Temperature changes in the phonon dispersion curves caused by the rearrangement of the electron and spin subsystems are found.  相似文献   

17.
The specific features of the vibrational spectra of chrysotile asbestos, which is a natural mineral that represents a system of closely packed tubular fibers with an outer diameter of ∼30 nm, an inside diameter of ∼5 nm, and a length up to a centimeter and more, have been investigated using neutron scattering and polarized infrared spectroscopy. This material can serve as a natural matrix for the preparation of nanostructures by filling channels with various materials.  相似文献   

18.
The hf splitting of protons in the magnetically ordered state of UH3 was measured by inelastic incoherent spin-flip scattering of neutrons. The results are found to be consistent with calculations from NMR Knight shift data.  相似文献   

19.
Although neutrons do not couple directly to the superconducting order parameter, they have nevertheless played an important role in advancing our understanding of the pairing mechanism and the symmetry of the superconducting energy gap in the iron arsenide compounds. Measurements of the spin and lattice dynamics have been performed on non-superconducting ‘parent’ compounds based on the LaFeAsO (‘1111’) and BaFe2As2 (‘122’) crystal structures, and on electron and hole-doped superconducting compounds, using both polycrystalline and single crystal samples. Neutron measurements of the phonon density-of-state, subsequently supported by single crystal inelastic X-ray scattering, are in good agreement with ab initio calculations, provided the magnetism of the iron atoms is taken into account. However, when combined with estimates of the electron–phonon coupling, the predicted superconducting transition temperatures are less than 1 K, making a conventional phononic mechanism for superconductivity highly unlikely. Measurements of the spin dynamics within the spin density wave phase of the parent compounds show evidence of strongly dispersive spin waves with exchange interactions consistent with the observed magnetic order and a large anisotropy gap. Antiferromagnetic fluctuations persist in the normal phase of the superconducting compounds, but they are more diffuse. Below Tc, there is evidence in three ‘122’ compounds that these fluctuations condense into a resonant spin excitation at the antiferromagnetic wavevector with an energy that scales with Tc. Such resonances have been observed in the high-Tc copper oxides and a number of heavy fermion superconductors, where they are considered to be evidence of d-wave symmetry. In the iron arsenides, they also provide evidence of unconventional superconductivity, but a comparison with ARPES and other measurements, which indicate that the gaps are isotropic, suggests that the symmetry is more likely to be extended-s± wave in character.  相似文献   

20.
The oscillatory profile of diffuse scattering of ordered crystal PbF2 is observed by time-of-flight (TOF) neutron scattering measurement. The theoretical expression of diffuse scattering intensity including the correlation effects among the thermal displacements of atoms is used to analyze the diffuse scattering profile of PbF2. The theoretical expression is effective for the analysis of the diffuse scattering data by the TOF measurement.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号