建立以和角公式为纲的三角新体系

在现行教材中，把诱导公式编排在和角公式之前，并在教参中强调：“讲诱导公式的目的在于求任意角的三角函数值，应先将这个意思向学生讲清楚．”笔者在［１］中提出了《由和角公式推导诱导公式》，建议把诱导公式编排在和角公式之后，由和角公式演绎而来．笔者认为，这样...     

诱导公式的新概括

诱导公式的新概括但泉水（深圳市梅林中学５１８０４９）关于诱导公式的教学，高中代数上册（人教社９０版）花了较大篇幅，推导出了五组公式：公式（一）：“ｋ·３６０°＋α”（ｋ∈Ｚ）组，公式（二）：“１８０°＋α”组，公式（三）：“－α”组，公式（四）：“１...     

一个通用体积公式的来源——高等数学在中学数学中的应用一例

本文拟从数学分析中定积分近似计算的辛卜生公式出发探讨中学立体几何中一个通用体积公式的来源．（图１）在中学立体几何的学习中，我们根据长方体体积公式和祖原理，推出了柱体、锥体、台体及球体的体积公式并利用锥体体积公式求出了拟柱体的体积公式，我们把所有顶点...     

一类多步并行Runge—Kutta公式

本文构造了一类适合在多处理机系统上实现的并行Ｒｕｎｇｅ－Ｋｕｔｔａ公式，对于其中的具体公式证明了收敛性，给出它的稳定区域，数值例子表明，该公式可以有效地求解常微分方程初值问题。     

三角恒等变换

1．本单元重、难点分析 重点：用向量的数量积推导出两角差的余弦公式，进而导出了两角和与差的正弦、余弦、正切公式，二倍角的正弦、余弦、正切公式；并以此把推导半角公式、和差化积公式、积化和差公式（公式不要求记忆）作为基本训练，体会数学基本思想在三角变换中的作用．     

曲线曲面积分的对称性质

在本文中先给出了弧元素、面元索在坐标变换下的变换公式，然后给出了曲线、曲面积分在坐标变换下的变换公式，最后利用上述坐标变换公式推出了曲线曲面积分的对称性质．     

曲线曲面积分的对称性质

在本文中先给出了弧元素、面元素在坐标变换下的变换公式，然后给出了曲线、曲面积分在坐标变换下的变换公式，最后利用上述坐标变换公式推出了曲线曲面积分的对称性质．     

二阶线型递推数列通项公式的求法

求递推数列的通项公式，既是中学数学学习中的一个难点，又是近几年高考的一个热点，近三年新课程高考压轴题都是求这类数列通项公式的问题．文[1]介绍了一些常见递推数列通项公式的求法，本文就求二阶线型递推数列通项公式，介绍一种通用的方法．     

反函数的原函数公式及其应用

在本文第一部分给出了反函数原函数公式一个简单的证明，第二部分列举了几个用反函的原函数公式求积的例子，最后用此公式给出了Ｙｏｕｎｇ不等式一个证明，此证明不必借助于定积分的几何意义和图形面积的几何直观，从而是数学意义上更为严格的证明。     

平面运动学位似运动Steiner公式的推广

对单参数闭平面复意义位似运动，给出了Muller提出的Steiner公式和混合面公式的表达式。利用推广的Steiner公式得到了位似运动的Holditch定理．作为特例，给出了Muller位似比h≡1时的结果。     

Overconvergence of polynomial expansions of harmonic functions

ABSTRACT

This paper concerns homogeneous polynomial expansions of harmonic functions. It presents new results on the relationship between their gap structure and their overconvergence properties outside the ball of convergence.     

Asymptotic Behavior of a Geman and McClure Discrete Model

In this paper we consider a class of discrete variational models derived from a theory of Geman and McClure (see [15]) and study their asymptotic behavior when their stepsize tends to zero. It is shown that a result of Γ -convergence toward a certain functional holds true if a characteristic parameter of these models obeys a well-defined dependence law upon the stepsize. Under this condition the Γ -limit is a modified form of the Mumford—Shah functional. Accepted 19 June 1998     

The optimal evolution of the free energy of interacting gases and its applications

We establish an inequality for the relative total – internal, potential and interactive – energy of two arbitrary probability densities, their Wasserstein distance, their barycenters and their generalized relative Fisher information. This inequality leads to many known and powerful geometric inequalities, as well as to a remarkable correspondence between ground state solutions of certain quasilinear (or semi-linear) equations and stationary solutions of (non-linear) Fokker–Planck type equations. It also yields the HWBI inequalities – which extend the HWI inequalities in Otto and Villani [J. Funct. Anal. 173 (2) (2000) 361–400], and in Carrillo et al. [Rev. Math. Iberoamericana (2003)], with the additional ‘B’ referring to the new barycentric term – from which most known Gaussian inequalities can be derived. To cite this article: M. Agueh et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 337 (2003).     

On the invariance of male optimal stable matching

The stable matching problem is that of matching two sets of agents in such a manner that no two unmatched agents prefer each other to their actual partners under the matching. In this paper, we present a set of sufficient conditions on the preference lists of any given stable matching instance, under which the optimality of the original male optimal stable matching is still preserved.     

An Introduction to Commutative Quaternions

A Scheffers theorem states that for commutative hypercomplex numbers the differential calculus does exist and the functions can be introduced in the same way as they are for the complex variable. This property could open new applications of commutative quaternions in comparison with non-commutative Hamilton quaternions. In this article we introduce some quaternionic systems, their algebraic properties and the differential conditions (Generalized Cauchy-Riemann conditions) that their functions must satisfy. Then we show that the functional mapping, studied in the geometry associated with the quaternions, does have the same properties of the conformal mapping performed by the functions of complex variable. We also summarize the expressions of the elementary functions.     

E*-酉范畴逆半群的结构

本文通过定义本原逆半群在集合上的部分作用及其整体化,给出了E*-酉范畴逆半群的结构．     

Solving a class of low rank d.c. programs via a branch and bound approach: A computational experience

Various classes of d.c. programs have been studied in the recent literature due to their importance in applicative problems. In this paper we consider a branch and bound approach for solving a class of d.c. problems. Both stack policies and partitioning rules are analyzed, pointing out their performance effectiveness by means of the results of a computational experience.     

多阶段生产系统最优生产批量和原材料订购决策模型

Sarker和Parija(1996)建立了生产系统最优生产批量和原材料订购决策模型。然而他们的模型仅局限于单阶段生产系统,本文将他们的模型扩展到多阶段生产系统,我们首先建立了使整个多阶段生产系统总成本最小的各阶段最优生产批量、原材料订购批量及阶段之间的运输批量模型,然后分析了原材料订购费、半成品运费及设备安装费的敏感性。最后,我们结合实例综合分析了原材料订购费、半成品运输费和设备安装费的变化及最小值点取整后对原材料订购决策、最优生产批量和总成本的影响。     

A note on the height of thekth element in a heap

De Graaf and Kosters have studied the expected height of thekth element in a heap. They conjecture that, for largek, this is asymptotic to log₂ k + 0.72 .... We show that the height of thekth element is related to the depth of insertion in a digital search tree, and use this relation to prove their conjecture.This research was supported by grant FONDECYT (Chile) 91-1252.