不同控制参数下的弹簧摆

通过拉格朗日方程得出弹簧摆系统的动力学方程,并以频率比作为控制参数,利用Matlab软件对不同控制参数和初始摆角下的弹簧摆进行了数值模拟,从而直观地研究了弹簧摆的运动.     

弹簧摆动力学行为演示仪

在非线性保守系统中,弹簧摆结构简单,运动特性较为典型.本文通过拉格朗日方程对弹簧摆系统进行理论分析解得运动方程,并在径向和切向将运动分解,运用图像处理技术设计制作了弹簧摆演示仪和实验软件,对运动轨迹与时序图进行可视化.软件绘制的弹簧摆轨迹与理论结果具有较好的一致性.     

失谐耦合摆运动规律的研究

利用拉格朗日方法,理论上分析了失谐耦合摆的运动规律,并从实验上观测了弹簧的倾斜因子ε对双摆振动角频率的不同影响,确定了弹簧向下偏离平衡位置时较向上偏离时对两摆角频率的影响大,通过改变弹簧的倾斜因子可以连续调节摆的振动规律。在此基础上,研究了双倾斜弹簧连接双摆时对双摆运动规律的影响。     

弹簧摆内共振现象的实验研究

用视频摄像和计算机技术从实验上研究了弹簧摆的内共振现象。从系统的势能出发，讨论了弹簧摆的运动规律。通过实时记录摆球的位置，得了不同初始条件下，弹簧摆振动的位移曲线、能量曲线和摆球运动的轨迹。实验结果展示了理论与实验的一致性。     

弹簧摆的内共振特性分析

首先提出了一种弹簧摆模型,通过谐波平衡法对弹簧摆的内共振现象进行了解析处理,得到了弹簧摆内共振条件以及X、Z两模态能量之间的转换关系.再利用数值模拟得到弹簧摆内共振时的时序图、相图、轨迹图、能量图以及内共振耦合区域图等,分析表明,解析和数值模拟的结果与实验结果吻合一致.     

弹簧耦合摆在复杂情况下的小振动解

求解弹簧耦合摆的简正频率是理论力学中一道非常经典的题目,用分析力学的角度研究该题是一种重要的方法.目前对弹簧摆的研究多针对两单摆间的距离恰好等于弹簧原长;而当距离略大于或小于弹簧原长时,平衡状态下单摆摆线不再处于竖直状态,由于涉及不同的小角度近似,系统动能和势能的表示都变得更为复杂.本文探究了弹簧耦合摆系统的简正频率与系统静止时摆线偏移竖直方向角度的关系,利用MATLAB计算对比了是否使用小角度近似的运动过程,得到了近似解的适用情况.最后,在不考虑小角度的情况下,计算了拍频与弹簧固有频率、单摆固有频率和单摆平衡状态下偏移角度的关系.     

受不稳定约束弹簧摆运动的研究

利用拉格朗日方程建立了受不稳定约束弹簧摆运动的动力学方程,运用Matlab软件进行数字模拟,描绘了受不稳定约束弹簧摆坐标随时间变化的演化曲线、运动轨迹、运动相图,分析了其运动情况,得出了更为直观的运动规律.     

弹簧车摆的动力学模拟研究

弹簧牵引下的车摆模型是一个复杂的不可积非线性动力学体系,采用牛顿力学定律建立了车摆模型的动力学方程,运用Matlab软件进行计算机数值模拟并详细讨论了车摆模型中小球和车随时间动力学演化过程和运动特征。研究发现摆球的运动在多数情况下是混沌的,同时也会出现拟周期运动,并在一定范围内出现混沌和拟周期运动并存且交替变化的阵发性混沌运动现象。直观描绘出摆球运动中轨迹图、相图、时域图对下落角度初始值的极端敏感依赖性。通过数值模拟处理不可积系统得到的计算结果为车摆相关模型的物理教学和研究提供参考依据。     

单频外激励弹簧摆的鞍结分岔控制

对弹簧摆的振动幅值控制进行研究,设计了反馈控制器,对弱非线性系统用近似解析方法求出了控制系统的幅值控制方程,得到了控制参数与幅值的函数关系,使多自由度非线性系统的鞍结分岔得到控制.这项工作可以推广到其他多自由度非线性系统的分岔控制. 关键词： 外激励弹簧摆 鞍结分岔 振动幅值 反馈控制     

弹簧蛇形振子的制作与探究

利用不同周期的弹簧代替原始蛇形摆装置中的单摆,制作了竖直运动的弹簧蛇形振子,所有的弹簧振子等间距排列成一条直线.弹簧蛇形振子操作简单,是较为理想的简谐振动演示装置.     

Point defects on graphene on metals

Understanding the coupling of graphene with its local environment is critical to be able to integrate it in tomorrow's electronic devices. Here we show how the presence of a metallic substrate affects the properties of an atomically tailored graphene layer. We have deliberately introduced single carbon vacancies on a graphene monolayer grown on a Pt(111) surface and investigated its impact in the electronic, structural, and magnetic properties of the graphene layer. Our low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy studies, complemented by density functional theory, show the existence of a broad electronic resonance above the Fermi energy associated with the vacancies. Vacancy sites become reactive leading to an increase of the coupling between the graphene layer and the metal substrate at these points; this gives rise to a rapid decay of the localized state and the quenching of the magnetic moment associated with carbon vacancies in freestanding graphene layers.     

基于Matlab分析负荷对多联机IPLV的影响

多联机有其特殊的优点,但是不同部分负荷的组合对IPLV的影响仍需进一步研究。文中建立IPLV与部分负荷的相关公式,运用MATLAB软件分析不同卸载级负荷与IPLV的关系,从而确定不同部分负荷的最优组合。     

Remarks on KdV-type flows on star-shaped curves

We study the relation between the centro-affine geometry of star-shaped planar curves and the projective geometry of parametrized maps into RP¹. We show that projectivization induces a map between differential invariants and a bi-Poisson map between Hamiltonian structures. We also show that a Hamiltonian evolution equation for closed star-shaped planar curves, discovered by Pinkall, has the Schwarzian KdV equation as its projectivization. (For both flows, the curvature evolves by the KdV equation.) Using algebro-geometric methods and the relation of group-based moving frames to AKNS-type representations, we construct examples of closed solutions of Pinkall’s flow associated with periodic finite-gap KdV potentials.     

X-ray diffraction on chlorine adsorbed on graphite

Cl₂ layers adsorbed on Grafoil have been investigated by X-ray diffraction between 78 and 285 K. Mono- and submonolayers crystallize in a parallelogram lauttce, incommensurate with the (001) graphite surfaces, the molecules oriented almost perpendicular to the surface. The structure is closely related to that of the (001) planes of three-dimensional solid chlorine. For coverages above the monolayer completion bulk crystalization sets in.     

Note on duality on polarized symplectic manifolds

In this note we use some of the results of [3] to derive a general duality theorem for the cohomologies of foliated structures on a manifold. The result is applied to the special case of a symplectic manifold M on which the foliation is given by a complex polarization F in the sense of geometric quantization. We obtain, for example, a rigorous proof of the fact that for a smooth function ƒ on M whose Hamiltonian vector field leaves F invariant, the spectrum of the corresponding prequantization operator v(ƒ) coincides with the spectrum of its transpose, under the above duality. This latter result was obtained by Simms in [12] under certain hypotheses. Proofs of the validity of those hypotheses are now available in the literature; cf. [3] and [7].     

Space-charge effects on multipactor on a dielectric

Analyzes the effects of space charge shielding on the steady state of a multipactor discharge on a dielectric. Analytic methods are used to obtain an exact function for the potential in the discharge, assuming a Maxwellian distribution of emitted electrons. An equation for the amount of power deposited on the dielectric by the multipactoring electrons, for a given saturation level, is given. A simple method for obtaining the saturation level, for a given material, is obtained