Catalytic Hydrosilylation of Substituted Acetophenones by 1,1,3,3-Tetrametyldisiloxane with Complexes Rhodium (I) and Platinum (II)

The hydrosilylation of a range of para-substituted acetophenones XC₆H₄COCH₃ (X = H, Me, MeO, F, Cl, NO₂) with 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl disiloxane mediated by complexes of rhodium (I) and platinum (II) was investigated. The complexes of platinum (II) are less effective than complexes of rhodium (I), but display greater selectivity. Six 1-(1′-arylethoxy)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyl disiloxanes have been synthesized by hydrosilylation using several coupling catalysts.     

Specific Features of Catalytic Hydrosilylation in Siloxane Systems in the Presence of Sulfoxide-Containing Platinum(II) Complexes

The rate of addition of MeSiH(OSiMe₃)₂, Me₂SiHOSiMe₃, and (Me₂SiH)₂O to vinylsiloxanes ViMeSi(OSiMe₃)₂, ViMe₂SiOSiMe₃, and (ViMe₂Si)₂O in the presence of square-planar platinum complexes [Pt(LL')X₂] (where L and L' are neutral ligands, and X is an anionic ligand) decreases in the following series of L and L': Ph₃PS > MeS(O)Tol-p > MeCOD > CH₂ÍCH₂ COD > Et₂SO > Et₂S > Me₂SO 2-aminopyridine > Py > 2-methylpyridine. Variation of X, the ligands L and L' remaining unchanged, leads to decrease in the reaction rate in the series: C₂O₄ ^{2 -} > NO₃ ^- > Cl^- Br^-. Mixed-ligand complexes like (-)-[Pt(MeSOTol-p)PyCl₂] having a cis structure are more efficient catalysts then the corresponding trans isomers in the hydrosilylation of siloxanes. Reactions of sulfoxide platinum(II) complexes with vinylsiloxanes and silicon hydrides result in isomerization of the metal complex and dissociation of the sulfoxide; bis-sulfoxide complexes undergo deoxygenation of the sulfoxide ligand with formation of colloidal platinum. It was presumed that the active form of the catalyst is its trans isomer; it reacts with silicon hydride, leading to replacement of the sulfoxide ligand in the inner sphere of platinum(II) complex. The reactivity of silicon hydrides toward vinylsiloxanes in the presence of sulfoxide platinum(II) complexes decreases in the series (Me₂SiH)₂O > Me₂SiHOSiMe₃ > MeHSi(OSiMe₃)₂, and the vinylsiloxanes form the following reactivity series: ViMe₂SiOSiMe₃ > ViMeSi(OSiMe₃)₂ > (ViSiMe₂)₂O. These series conform to increase of the positive charge on the silicon atom and decrease in steric hindrance created by the substituents thereon.     

Influence of Ligand and Nuclearity on the Cytotoxicity of Cyclometallated C^N^C Platinum(II) Complexes

A series of cyclometallated mono- and di-nuclear platinum(II) complexes and the parent organic ligand, 2,6-diphenylpyridine 1 (HC^N^CH), have been synthesized and characterized. This library of compounds includes [(C^N^C)Pt^II( L )] ( L =dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) 2 and triphenylphosphine (PPh₃) 3 ) and [((C^N^C)Pt^II)₂( L‘ )] (where L‘ =N-heterocycles (pyrazine (pyr) 4 , 4,4‘-bipyridine (4,4‘-bipy) 5 or diphosphine (1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (dppb) 6 ). Their cytotoxicity was assessed against four cancerous cell lines and one normal cell line, with results highlighting significantly increased antiproliferative activity for the dinuclear complexes ( 4 – 6 ), when compared to the mononucleated species ( 2 and 3 ). Complex 6 is the most promising candidate, displaying very high selectivity towards cancerous cells, with selectivity index (SI) values >29.5 (A2780) and >11.2 (A2780cisR), and outperforming cisplatin by >4-fold and >18-fold, respectively.     

交联聚苯乙烯-铂铬合物的合成及其催化的硅氢加成反应

首次合成了巯甲基化交联聚苯乙烯-铂络合物,将其用于催化不同结构的碳碳不饱和化合物与甲基二氯硅烷的加成反应,结果表明,该催化剂对乙炔、苯乙烯、苯乙炔、三烷基乙烯基硅烷等化合物具有很高的催化活性,对丙烯酸丁酯的催化活性显著降低,对甲基丙烯酸甲酯则无催化活性,该催化剂用于苯乙烯的硅氢加成反应,可重复使用20次,而且回收再用非常方便。     

Hydrosilylation of Allyl Ethers in the Presence of Supported Sulfur-Containing Platinum(II) Complexes

Hydrosilylation of allyl ethyl, allyl butyl, allyl glycidyl, allyl benzyl, and allyl phenyl ethers by 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane in the presence of supported sulfur-containing platinum(II) complexes with the general formula [{SiO₂}O_2Si(Me)(CH₂)₃SR]₂PtCl₂ (R = Bu, Hex, Bn; {SiO₂} is silica surface) and side processes have been studied.     

铂、铑N-杂环卡宾配合物在硅氢加成反应中的应用*

铂和铑的卡宾金属配合物作为催化剂应用于各种不饱和化合物的硅氢加成反应,表现出非常优良的催化性能和稳定的物理、化学性质,受到了化学工作者的广泛关注。本文对铂、铑N-杂环卡宾金属化合物作为催化剂在催化酮、炔烃、烯烃以及其它不饱和化合物硅氢加成反应中的应用作了介绍,并分析了该类催化剂在有机硅化学领域的应用前景。     

Hydrosilylation of Vinylsiloxanes with Hydrosiloxanes in the Presence of Thermo- and Photoactivated Platinum(II) Phosphine Complexes

Catalytic properties of thermo- and photoactivated platinum complexes [Pt(R₂R'X)₂Cl₂] (X = P, R = Me, R' = Ph; X = P, As, Sb, R = R' = Ph or Bu) in hydrosilylation of vinylsiloxanes with hydrosiloxanes were studied. The neutral ligands were ranked in terms of their effect on the activity of the catalysts. A mechanism of hydrosilylation was proposed.     

Iron(II) Complexes of Chiral Tridentate Nitrogen Donors and their Application in Catalytic Hydrosilylation Reactions

Enantiomerically pure, C₂-symmetric 2,6-bis(pyrazol-3-yl) pyridine ligands were obtained by treatment of diethyl-2,6-pyridinedicarbonate with (1R,4R)-(+)-camphor in the presence of NaH followed by ring closure with hydrazine. After twofold N-alkylation at the pyrazole rings, the addition of iron(II) chloride led to the according pentacoordinate dichloridoiron(II) complexes. All intermediates of the ligand synthesis, the ligands bearing NCH₃ and NCH₂C₆H₅ groups and the derived iron(II) complexes were structurally characterized by means of X-ray structure analysis. In-situ reaction with iron(II) carboxylates resulted in the formation of iron(II) carboxylate complexes, which turned out to be highly active in the hydrosilylation of acetophenone. However, even at room temperature, the enantiomeric excess of the product 1-phenylethanol is poor. ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy gave an insight into the species formed during catalysis.     

过渡金属膦配合物在硅氢化反应中的应用研究

过渡金属膦配合物在有机合成和催化反应中的应用非常广泛, 大量含膦杂原子配体被设计合成, 利用其特定的配位能力, 和过渡金属配位成过渡金属膦配合物, 并测试其对特定有机化学反应的催化性能. 硅氢加成反应是有机硅化学中的重要反应, 多种过渡金属包括铂、钯、铑、钌等的膦配合物对于硅氢加成反应均有催化活性. 综述了近几年来过渡金属膦配合物在硅氢加成反应中的应用进展.     

烯烃硅氢加成固载铂催化剂研究进展

本文综述了近年来烯烃硅氢加成反应固载铂催化剂的制备、表征及其催化反应机理;并对各种不同载体铂催化剂的优缺点进行评述。     

Sulfobridged Polynuclear Complexes of Platinum(II) and Palladium(II)

When the platinum(II) and palladium(II) salts interact with ligands such as cystamine-(mercamine) HSCH₂CH₂NH₂ and 2-mercaptoethanol HSCH₂CH₂OH under certain conditions, polynuclear complexes of the compositions are obtained: [Pt₆(SCH₂CH₂NH₂)₈]Cl₄. 5H₂O and [Pd₆(SCH₂CH₂OH)₈]Cl₄. In a comparative study of the IR and X-ray spectra of synthesized complexes and ligands, as well as the results of X-ray diffraction studies, it was established that sulfur atoms of 2-mercaptoethanol occupy a bridge position with a mixed coordination of ligands in the palladium complex. In the platinum(II) complex bidentate coordination of ligands is realized through sulfur and nitrogen atoms.     

Complexes of Platinum(II) Chloride with Cyanophosphines

Platinum(II) cyanophosphine complexes PtL₂Cl₂, where L = P(CN)₃, PhP(CN)₂, or Ph₂PCN, were synthesized. Their properties and mode of coordination were examined.     

Re(I) Complexes as Backbone Substituents and Cross-Linking Agents for Hybrid Luminescent Polysiloxanes and Silicone Rubbers

This study focuses on the synthesis of hybrid luminescent polysiloxanes and silicone rubbers grafted by organometallic rhenium(I) complexes using Cu(I)-catalyzed azido-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). The design of the rhenium(I) complexes includes using a diimine ligand to create an MLCT luminescent center and the introduction of a triple C≡C bond on the periphery of the ligand environment to provide click-reaction capability. Poly(3-azidopropylmethylsiloxane-co-dimethylsiloxane) (N₃-PDMS) was synthesized for incorporation of azide function in polysiloxane chain. [Re(CO)₃(MeCN)(5-(4-ethynylphenyl)-2,2′-bipyridine)]OTf (Re1) luminescent complex was used to prepare a luminescent copolymer with N₃-PDMS (Re1-PDMS), while [Re(CO)₃Cl(5,5′-diethynyl-2,2′-bipyridine)] (Re2) was used as a luminescent cross-linking agent of N₃-PDMS to obtain luminescent silicone rubber (Re2-PDMS). The examination of photophysical properties of the hybrid polymer materials obtained show that emission profile of Re(I) moiety remains unchanged and metallocenter allows to control the creation of polysiloxane-based materials with specified properties.     

Cyclometallated Ni(II) and Pd(II) Complexes of the Azomethine Compounds: Synthesis and Structures

Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry - New Ni(II) and Pd(II) complexes (Ia and Ib) are synthesized on the basis of the azomethine compound...     

Towards Platinum(II) Complexes for in cellulo Applications: Synthesis,Characterization, Biological and Catalytic Evaluation

With the aim of achieving bioorthogonal intracellular catalysis, a library of platinum(II) complexes was synthesized. Their non-toxicity to living cells was demonstrated and their catalytic activity was evaluated on a cyclization reaction leading to a highly fluorescent coumarin. None of the platinum complexes showed any catalytic activity for coumarin synthesis. Still, we demonstrated that the silver salt AgSbF₆ commonly used to ‘activate’ metal catalysts by removing a chloride is a very efficient catalyst for the studied intramolecular cyclization reaction.     

Cyclometallated Rhodium(III) Complexes with Diimine Ligands

The synthesis of a mononuclear Rh(III) complex, as a representative example of a series of related species, containing two cyclometallating ligands ppy (2-phenylpyridine) and one diimine bpy (2,2′-bipyridine) from a binuclear Cl-bridged compound is described. The absorption spectrum shows a maximum at 364 nm (ε = 7000), with a very weak shoulder (ε = 10) at 454 nm. This band is tentatively assigned to a metal-to-ligand charge-transfer transition. A reversible, one-electron reduction appears in the cyclic voltammogram at E_1/2 = ?1.41 V (vs. NHE) and a irreversible oxydation at E_p = + 1.1 V. A detailed NMR analysis including ¹³C-NMR, NOE, SFORD as well as deuteration of the bpy ligand indicates the formation of only one isomer, having a C₂ axis, bisecting the bpy ligand, with the two carbon ligands in cis-position. ¹⁰³Rh, ¹³C and ¹⁰³Rh,H couplings are observed.     

Preparation of Platinum(II) Cyclooctadiene Complexes by Photoirradiation

Preparation of platinum cyclooctadiene complexes under photoirradiation was studied, and the reaction mechanism was suggested.__________Translated from Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, Vol. 75, No. 3, 2005, pp. 353–356.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by de Vekki, Uvarov, Skvortsov.     

Mixed Platinum(II) Halide Complexes with Sulfur Donors

Abstract

The reaction of platinum(II) halides with stoichiometric amounts of either dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or thiocarbamic ester (L) in acetone yields the complexes cis-[Pt(L)(DMSO)X₂], where L α MTC (EtOSCNHMe), ETC (EtOSCNHEt) or TC (EtOSCNH₂) and X α Cl or Br. The compounds have been isolated and characterized by elemental analysis and by infrared and nmr (¹H and ¹³C) spectroscopy. Either dimethyl sulfoxide or thiocarbamic ester coordinate through the sulphur atom. In the MTC and ETC adducts the planar ligand molecule is present in the isomeric form bearing the N-alkyl group in an anti position with respect to the thiocarbonyl group.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Trans-Mixed Diamine Platinum(II) and Platinum(IV) Complexes

A series of novel trans-mixed diamine platinum(II) and platinum(IV) complexes of type trans-[Pt^II(R-NH₂)(R'-NH₂)Cl₂] and trans -[Pt^IV(R-NH₂)(R'-NH₂)Cl₄] (where R-NH₂ = ethylamine or butylamine and R'-NH₂ = methylamine, propylamine, isopropylamine, pentylamine, or hexylamine) was synthesized and characterized using elemental analysis and infrared and ¹⁹⁵Pt nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques.