大数值孔径光子筛偏振特性研究

根据角谱理论建立不同偏振照明条件下的光子筛矢量衍射模型。在此基础上,对入射光分别为线偏振光、径向偏振光、切向偏振光三种特殊偏振状态下的光子筛聚焦光强分布进行了模拟分析。研究结果表明,对于大数值孔径光子筛,入射光的偏振特性将对光子筛聚焦光强分布产生巨大影响。线偏振光将使聚焦光斑沿偏振方向拉伸,切向偏振光产生的聚焦光斑具有"中空"结构,而径向偏振光所产生的聚焦光斑呈较为规则的圆形,且其焦深优于线偏照明情况。在激光直写及高分辨成像等光子筛典型应用中采用径向偏振照明将进一步提高系统分辨力。     

GaAs半导体材料中双光子吸收光限幅与偏振方向的关系

理论分析了线偏振光波的偏振方向对ＧａＡｓ半导体双光子吸收的影响，实现了ＧａＡｓ半导体材料中不同偏振方向的双光子吸收限幅，提高了双光子吸收光限幅的性能。     

塞曼谱线的偏振特性

根据光子角动量的量子数等于1，以及光子角动量的方向与光的偏振态的关系，详细地解释了塞曼谱线的σ偏振和π偏振是如何形成的。     

光子偏振度受大气散射影响的分析

采用矩阵形式描述光子的偏振态和大气散射理论, 分析了“BB84协议”中四个不同偏振光子经单次散射后光子的偏振度与前向散射角的关系。发现单次散射不改变偏振光子的总偏振度, 但改变偏振光子的线偏振度与圆偏振度, 尤其对垂直偏振光子的线偏振度与圆偏振度改变明显; 当前向散射角小于0.25 rad时, 四个不同偏振光子的线偏振度基本保持不变, 量子信息仍然保持; 同时分析了大气散射对不同波长的垂直偏振光子线偏振度的影响, 发现长波光子偏振度保持度高。     

Unveiling Informational Properties of the Chen-Ouillon-Sornette Seismo-Electrical Model

The seismo-electrical coupling is critical to understand the mechanism of geoelectrical precursors to earthquakes. A novel seismo-electrical model, called Chen–Ouillon–Sornette (COS) model, has been developed by combining the Burridge–Knopoff spring-block system with the mechanisms of stress-activated charge carriers (i.e., electrons and holes) and pressure-stimulated currents. Such a model, thus, can simulate fracture-induced electrical signals at a laboratory scale or earthquake-related geoelectrical signals at a geological scale. In this study, by using information measures of time series analysis, we attempt to understand the influence of diverse electrical conditions on the characteristics of the simulated electrical signals with the COS model. We employ the Fisher–Shannon method to investigate the temporal dynamics of the COS model. The result showed that the electrical parameters of the COS model, particularly for the capacitance and inductance, affect the levels of the order/disorder in the electrical time series. Compared to the field observations, we infer that the underground electrical condition has become larger capacitance or smaller inductance in seismogenic processes. Accordingly, this study may provide a better understanding of the mechanical–electrical coupling of the earth’s crust.     

V型三能级系统中五阶极化拍频的理论研究

从理论上研究了由于五阶极化强度间的干涉所导致的Ｖ型三能级系统相闰共轭超快调制光谱学，考虑了抽运光束为窄带线宽或宽带线宽的情形。发现能级分裂的测量精度决定于光学跃迁的均匀增宽，即这种技术在测量能级分裂时可得到消除多普勒增宽的精度。     

Unconventional Coding Technique Applied to Multi-Level Polarization Modulation

A new technique is proposed to improve information confidentiality in optical-fiber communications without bandwidth consumption. A pseudorandom vectorial sequence was generated by a dynamic system algorithm and used to codify a multi-level polarization modulation based on the Stokes vector. Optical-fiber birefringence, usually considered as a disturbance, was exploited to obfuscate the signal transmission. At the receiver end, the same pseudorandom sequence was generated and used to decode the multi-level polarization modulated signal. The proposed scheme, working at the physical layer, provides strong information security without introducing complex processing and thus latency.     

Rabi模型的光场压缩

电路量子电动力学的实验实现了光与人造原子的超强耦合相互作用, 相互作用强度与光场频率在同一个数量级.在超强耦合区域, 著名的旋波近似失效, 因此系统的动力学必须用含有反旋波项的Rabi模型描述.本文研究Rabi模型中的光场压缩.数值模拟结果发现, 光场压缩不是随耦合强度线性增加, 而是在合适的超强区域获得最大值.同时, 我们还发现, 较小的反旋波项有助于提高光场压缩.所得结果有利于实验上在超强区域中制备所需的压缩态. 关键词： Rabi模型 超强耦合 光场压缩     

基于单光子态自避错传输的量子安全直接通信协议

量子安全直接通信(Quantum secure direct communication,QSDC)是一种预先不需要建立共享秘钥而直接传输秘密信息的协议.针对信道中联合噪声的存在,提出一种基于单光子态自避错传输的量子安全直接通信协议.研究结果表明,该方案有效地避免了联合噪声对传输信息的影响,使接收方得到原未知量子态的成功率可趋近于100％,大大提高了量子态传输的保真度.该方案实验操作简单,有很高的学术研究和应用价值.     

Photon statistics of the micromaser with a Kerr medium

We have established the master equation for the micromaser with a Kerr medium,we have studied the photon statics of the micromaser with a Kerr medium field and analysed the influence of the Kerr effect on the photon statistics,The influence of the Kerr effect on the photon statistics is different in two regimes,In the thermal-atom regime,the Kerr effect produces quantum noise,and decreases the mean photon number.In the ultracold-atom regime,with the increase of the nonlinear parameter of the Kerr medium,the stability of the mean photon number and the normalized variance enhances the mean photon number,and the normalized variance exhibits collapse-revival phenomena periodically,their resonance peaks become lower,and the photon statistics of more and more regions are sub-Poissonian.     

Quantum Fisher Information of Entangled Coherent States in a Lossy Mach–Zehnder Interferometer

We give an analytical result for the quantum Fisher information of entangled coherent states in a lossy Mach-Zehnder interferometer recently proposed by Joo et al., [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 （2011） 083601]. For small loss of photons, we find that the entangled coherent state can surpass the Heisenberg limit. Phrthermore, the formalism developed here is applicable to the study of phase sensitivity of multipartite entangled coherent states.     

受激辐射压力的光子再分配模型

本文报道了在两束不同频率、不同传播方向的光束作用于二能级原子的受激辐射压力的数值结果。给出了一个新的模型——光子再分配模型——来解释受激辐射压力。     

基于偏振信息的遥感图像大气散射校正

大气散射严重影响了航空遥感图像的质量。为了提高航空遥感图像的识别能力,提出一种基于偏振信息的航空遥感图像大气散射校正方法。大气散射具有显著的偏振特性,而对于垂直探测的地物辐射信号偏振度非常低,该方法正是利用大气散射偏振特性与地物目标偏振特性的差别,从图像中提取地物目标辐射信息,从而提高遥感图像的质量。通过机载多波段偏振CCD相机获取航空偏振遥感图像数据,并采用一组443 nm波段的航空偏振图像数据进行图像大气散射校正实验,实验结果表明该方法能有效地进行航空遥感图像的大气散射校正,从而提高了航空遥感图像的识别能力。     

初步的纯光子谱的物理蕴含

基于相对论流体力学,指出了新近报道的首次实测的纯光子谱虽然具有线性,但并不意味着极端相对论性原子核碰撞后的系统在整体上达到了热平衡. 运用动态相变机制的计算结果可以预言,若强子化相变是一级相变,当碰撞能量高于200GeV/u时,纯光子谱将呈现凹形曲线,可以用作诊断夸克-胶子等离子体是否存在的信号.     

木条演示电介质在静电场中的极化现象

介绍了用木条演示电介质在静电场中的极化现象的实验方法,指出了实验时要注意的问题     

虚光场对克尔介质中受激原子统计性质的影响

研究了类克尔介质中虚光场效应对受激三能级了的光子统计演化性质的影响。结果表明：虚光场效应导致了受激辐射场的光子统计演化中出现的量子噪声,量子噪声随光场频率的增大而减小,当增大到一定值时,量子噪声几乎消失,原子－场耦合系数的增加使光子统计演化的拉比振荡的振幅加大、频率变快;而介质－场耦合系数的增加使光子统计演化拉比振荡的振幅变小、频率变慢。     

An Algorithmic Approach to Emergence

We suggest a quantitative and objective notion of emergence. Our proposal uses algorithmic information theory as a basis for an objective framework in which a bit string encodes observational data. A plurality of drops in the Kolmogorov structure function of such a string is seen as the hallmark of emergence. Our definition offers some theoretical results, in addition to extending the notions of coarse-graining and boundary conditions. Finally, we confront our proposal with applications to dynamical systems and thermodynamics.     

不同调制方式下偏振度与偏振模色散的关系

给出了偏振度与偏振模色散关系的理论模型,分析了非归零和归零两种调制方式下的偏振度与偏振模色散关系特性,结果表明偏振度町以作为实时检测偏振模色散的信号;且偏振度对偏振模色散的有效检测范围不大于调制光信号的占空比α,同时检测灵敏度与有效检测范围成反比;在非归零调制时偏振度对偏振模色散的有效检测范围最宽,为调制光信号的一个调制周期,是常规归零调制(占空比为0．5)时的2倍,但灵敏度只有常规归零调制时的一半。进一步探讨了在实际应用中改善偏振度对偏振模色散的有效检测范围和灵敏度的方法。实验验证了非归零调制时偏振度与偏振模色散关系特性。