溶气浮选技术在某油田污水处理中的应用研究

对气浮技术用于处理江苏某油田采出水进行现场调试和运行,分析了影响浮选除油效果的因素。该工艺适用于油水密度差小、乳化程度高的采出水处理,大量污油在气浮选工段被去除,除油效率达90％以上,提高了回收污油质量,减少大量的污油排出,延长了过滤罐滤料的使用周期,减轻过滤罐的生产负荷,为高乳化含油污水处理提供了可借鉴的经验。     

二氧化氯氧化降解含氨基硫脲废水研究

叶枯宁为有机硫杀菌剂 ,可用作防治水稻百叶枯病。氨基硫脲是合成叶枯宁过程中的中间体 ,在水中可溶 ,生产废水中其浓度较高 ,对水生生物有致毒作用 ,必须限制其高浓度废水排放。目前主要采用生化法处理 ,但效果不够理想。目前用于有机废水处理的氧化剂主要有Ｃｌ2 、ＣｌＯ2 、Ｏ3、氯胺等 ,其氧化能力顺序为Ｏ3>ＣｌＯ2 >Ｃｌ2 >氯胺 ,稳定性顺序为氯胺 >ＣｌＯ2 >Ｃｌ2 >Ｏ3[1 ] ,其中ＣｌＯ2 具有氧化能力强、稳定性高 ,特别是降解有机物时不发生氯代等优点 ,已被用作酚类、苯胺类、多环芳烃、印染废水等的降解处理[3～ 7] 。我们选择Ｃ…     

二氧化氯催化氧化处理含酚废水的研究

以3种模拟的高浓度含酚废水为处理对象，在室温常压下，以二氧化氯为催化剂，在自制催化剂的作用下进行催化氧化分解酚类物质的研究，考察了PH，ClO2废水（体积比），反应时间，反应温度等对CODCr去除率的影响。实验表明该法能有效地降低含酸废水的CODCr，去除率达90％以上，是一种行之有效的含酚废水处理方法。     

二氧化氯催化氧化难降解有机废水在我国的研究进展

难降解有机废水的处理对环境保护有十分重要的意义.在本文中,对用二氧化氯催化氧化技术在不同领域中难降解有机废水的处理和其催化氧化反应机理在我国的研究进展进行了介绍和评述,也指出了该技术未来的发展前景和进一步的研究方向.     

二氧化氯制备方法及相关产品在我国的研究进展

二氧化氯由于对细菌、病毒有广谱、快速、高效、安全的杀灭特点和优势,正成为水处理取代液氯的最佳换代产品,在饮用水、工业水处理、食品保鲜、纸浆漂白、石油解堵等多种领域获得了越来越广泛的应用,但国外的一些生产方法由于本身存在一些不足并不完全适合于国内使用。因此,我国不少学者开展了二氧化氯新制备方法的研究,并开发了一些稳定性的二氧化氯产品。本文介绍和评述了这些研究成果,并对未来的发展提出了一些建议。     

二氧化氯-荧光素体系的光谱研究及其分析应用

在pH10．5NH4C1-NH3缓冲溶液中,荧光素在510nm处有一荧光峰。当加入二氧化氯后,荧光峰降低,荧光猝灭强度△F510nm与二氧化氯浓度Ccl存在线性关系,其线性范围为0．067～2．68mg／L ClO2,回归方程为△F510nm=19．2Ccl＋0．2;相关系数为0．9996;检出限（3σ）为0．028mg／LClO2。据此建立了一种灵敏、简便、快速、准确、选择性测定痕量二氧化氯含量的荧光分析法。结果表明：Cl2和ClO2^-不干扰测定,用于水样分析,结果满意。     

基于对甲基橙的氧化褪色反应光度法测定水中二氧化氯含量

二氧化氯是一种对人体无害、杀菌能力强的消毒剂,在SARS流行期间,二氧化氯的应用十分广泛.对于其高浓度的测定方法,常用碘量法[1],但对于杀菌后剩余二氧化氯的测定,该法不适用.     

季铵盐在油田化学品中的研究进展

介绍了季铵盐分子的特性(安全低毒、性能稳定、水溶性强)以及合成工艺,综述了季铵盐分子近年来在缓蚀剂、杀菌剂、页岩抑制剂以及有机改性剂方面的研究进展,以及作用机理.对于同一类处理剂的优缺点,季铵盐分子易生物降解、作用效果强使其使其广泛地应用于油田化学品中并符合钻井、完井、采油环保以及抗高温要求.结合上述四种油田化学处理剂...     

空气氧化Fe2+动力学及含铁污水处理技术研究

从动力学角度研究空气氧化Fe~(2+)离子的化学反应机理,主要探究溶液矿化度、pH和曝气方式对Fe~(2+)氧化速率的影响,在40℃实验温度下建立动力学模型.实验表明,pH对处理含铁污水有重要作用.并通过模拟高含铁(c(Fe~(2+))≥100 mg/L)和含铁含HCO■两种常见油田酸性污水并做处理研究,得到处理含铁污水的可行方法.处理结果表明,对于高含铁污水可通过加碱方法改性,pH提高到9时Fe~(2+)含量接近0;含铁含HCO■污水可通过定量曝气比V_(G/L)方法将pH提高到预期范围,并利用溶解氧延迟氧化Fe~(2+),该氧化模式为二级动力学反应.     

聚合氯化铝的制备及其污水处理性能研究

以百色低品位的软铝石为为原料,用酸溶法制备聚合氯化铝(PAC),其结构经红外光谱(IR)所证实。考察了培烧温度、培烧时间、反应时间、盐酸加入量和反应温度等因素对Al2O3溶出率的影响,并对PAC处理某纸厂中段污水的性能进行了研究。研究结果表明,在焙烧温度为750℃,焙烧时间为1 h,酸溶时间为3 h,n(Al2O3):n(HCl)为1:4,酸溶温度为100℃条件下,煅烧后的熟料的Al2O3的溶出率的达81.7%;在pH=6.0,PAC投入量为120 mg·L-1时,纸厂中段污水的COD的去除率为56.02%,剩余浊度达到4.51 NTU以下,净水效果较好。     

Reaction of chlorine dioxide with phenol

The kinetics of phenol oxidation with chlorine dioxide in different solvents (2-methylpropan-1-ol, ethanol, 1,4-dioxane, acetone, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, heptane, tetrachloromethane, water) was studied by spectrophotometry. In all solvents indicated, the reaction rate is described by an equation of the second order w = k[PhOH]·[ClO₂]. The rate constants were measured (at 10—60 °C), and the activation parameters of oxidation were determined. The reaction rate constant depends on the solvent nature. The oxidation products are a mixture of p-benzoquinone, 2-chloro-p-benzoquinone, and diphenoquinone.     

Oxidation of phenols with chlorine dioxide

The oxidation of different phenols, viz., phenol, 3-methylphenol, 4-methylphenol, 4-tert-butylphenol, 2-cyclohexylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, and 2,4-dichlorophenol, with chlorine dioxide in acetonitrile was studied spectrophotometrically. The reaction rate is described by a second-order equation w = k[PhOH]· [ClO₂]. The rate constants were measured and activation parameters of oxidation were determined in a temperature interval of 10–60°C. A dependence of the reaction rate constant on the phenol structure was found. The oxidation products were identified, and their yields were established.__________Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 2184–2187, October, 2004.     

Reactions of chlorine dioxide with organic compounds. Selective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides by chlorine dioxide

A novel method for the selective oxidation of various types of sulfides to sulfoxides using chlorine dioxide as the oxidant is proposed.     

Liquid-phase oxidation of thiols with chlorine dioxide

The products and kinetics of the liquid-phase oxidation of 11 aliphatic and aromatic thiols with chlorine dioxide were studied at –10—+70 °C in organic media. The rate constants and activation parameters of the reaction were determined. The influence of the thiol structure on its reactivity was studied. A strong solvent effect on the reaction rate constant was found, and the reaction mechanism was proposed.     

Oxidative transformation of 1,3-dioxacycloalkanes induced by chlorine dioxide

The products and kinetic regularities of the reactions of 1,3-dioxacycloalkanes with chlorine dioxide were studied. The effects of the nature of solvent and the temperature on the reaction rate were considered and the activation parameters were determined.Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1688–1692, August, 2004.Deceased.     

Interaction of chlorine dioxide with nitroxyl radicals

The formation of charge transfer complexes between chlorine dioxide and nitroxyl radicals (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl, 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl, 4-methoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl, 4-acetylamido-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl, 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-4-phenyl-3-imidazolin-1-oxyl, and bis(4-methoxyphenyl) nitroxide) in acetone, acetonitrile, n-heptane, diethyl ether, carbon tetrachloride, toluene, and dichloromethane was found by spectrophotometry at –60—+20 °C. The thermodynamic parameters of complex formation were determined. The radical structure affects its complex formation ability. The charge transfer complex is transformed into the corresponding oxoammonium salt.     

固态二氧化氯缓释剂的研究进展

固态二氧化氯缓释剂因其缓释时间长、活化率高、稳定性好的独特优势,成为消毒剂、食品加工、空气净化、蔬果保鲜等领域的研究热点。尽管许多相关研究已经实施,但针对固态二氧化氯缓释剂的类型、成分以及制备方法的系统性综述仍然缺乏。本文结合国内外二氧化氯缓释产品的研究现状,介绍了反应型和吸附型两类固态二氧化氯缓释剂的制备方法,同时也对影响二氧化氯气体的释放因素进行了分析,旨在为固态二氧化氯缓释剂的发展提供新思路。     

Oxidation by chlorine dioxide of methionine and cysteine derivatives to sulfoxides

Methionine and cysteine derivatives were oxidized asymmetrically by chlorine dioxide to sulfinyl derivatives. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 608–610, November–December, 2008.