变热特性参数条件下肋片温度周期性变化的传热研究*

本文研究了变热特性参数下,根部温度作周期性变化的肋片传热情况.应用摄动法求解控制微分方程;并且采用打靶法和叠加原理进行数值计算,求解过程是嵌进的、非迭代的.对某种形状的肋片而言,当肋片根部温度作周期性变化时,其传热过程受以下几个参数的影响:E──导热系数的温度系数;N──肋片传热的特性参数;ε──温度波动的幅度参数;B──温度波动的频率;以及对流系数的变化模式等.文中给出了这些参数变化时对肋片的温度分布及热流率、肋效率等的影响情况.所得结果,不但具有理论价值,而且对工程设计也有现实指导意义.     

具有一致精度的薄壳方程的线性有限元方法

对Naghdi壳的弯曲问题提出一种混合有限元方法.该方法采用连续分片线性函数逼近切向延压应力张量和横向剪切应力向量,并采用间断线性函数来逼近壳的中面位移和法向纤维旋转.建立了适用于任意几何形状的壳的一般性的误差估计.分析表明如果壳中面的几何系数是分片常数,该方法对主要变量具有最优阶的,与壳的厚度无关的一致的精度.在一般情况下,在壳体几何形状快速变化的区域中适当细化有限元网格是必要的.无论如何,当有限元网格尺寸不超过壳的厚度的平方根时,最优阶的一致精度可得到保证.     

矩形微通道散热器流道的数值模拟及尺寸优化

微通道散热器具有体积小、流速小、压降小、散热高等优点,随着工业微型化的发展,微型散热器的应用越来越广泛.已有的研究表明,微通道的散热性能主要决定于微通道的几何参数和流体的流动情况,相对于三角形和梯形结构,矩形微通道具有更好的散热性能.基于ANSYS Workbench有限元软件,对长度为40 mm,不同截面尺寸的单通道内流体流动及传热性能进行了数值模拟,给出具有较小压降、较大散热效率的微通道尺寸.对优化后的模型计算分析,在一定流体流速和温度的初始状态下,基底给一定热通量,经过计算,散热器可运输的热通量较高,压降较低,热传递效率较大,散热器具有良好的工作性能.     

非Darcy多孔介质中的非线性对流

利用温度-浓度-密度关系,研究非Darcy多孔介质中的自由对流问题.对于不同的惯性参数、传递参数、Rayleigh数、Lewis数、Soret数和Dufour数,分析了非线性温度参数和浓度参数对非线性对流的影响.浮力对对流起着辅助的附加作用,当惯性作用不计时,切向速度随着非线性温度和浓度的增加而急剧地增加.然而,当惯性效应不为0时,非线性温度和浓度对切向速度的影响是有限的.对两个传递参数、惯性影响参数以及控制非线性温度和浓度的其他参数,取不同的数值时,浓度分布有点儿变化,并在不同的范围内传播.随着非线性温度和浓度的增加,传热/传质在很大的范围内变化,这取决于是Dacry多孔介质,还是非Darcy多孔介质.当所有的影响(惯性的影响、两个传递系数的影响、Soret和Dufour的影响)同时为0/不为0,在非线性温度/浓度参数以及浮力的共同作用下,分析了传热/传质的变化.发现在Darcy多孔介质中,温度和浓度以及它们的交叉扩散,对传热/传质的影响,要比非Darcy多孔介质要大.发现了浮力的负面作用,随着非线性温度系数的增加,传热/传质率是提高的,而随着非线性浓度系数的增加,传热/传质率是下降的.     

机构投资者的最优持仓策略研究

讨论了机构投资者的最优持仓策略问题,假设证券价格服从几何布朗运动,以均值方差效用为目标函数,得到了最优持仓策略所满足的二阶微分方程,并由差分法得到其数值解.最后,由参数的敏感性分析知:最优持仓策略与瞬时冲击、市场波动率及风险厌恶系数等参数有关,并分析了参数变化对最优持仓策略的影响.     

三角形穿孔翅片对自然对流传热的强化作用

研究一种设置水平矩形翅片对自然对流传热的强化作用,翅片内含三角形穿孔,三角形的底边平行并朝向翅片顶端.比较了这种多孔翅片和同等实心翅片的热耗散率.考虑的参数包括翅片及其穿孔的几何尺寸和热性能.讨论了翅片穿孔后引起的传热强化和翅片重量的减轻.结果表明,在某些三角形穿孔和穿孔间距的值域内,穿孔翅片改进了同等情况实心翅片的热耗散.当翅片导热率及其厚度增大时,穿孔翅片的传热也强化.     

等直蜂窝夹芯盒式矩形截面梁约束弯曲应力的分析

在研究等截面蜂窝夹芯盒式矩形截面直梁自由弯曲位移和应力的基础上,分析其约束弯曲位移和应力附加项．对附加位移采用了分离变量假设,在此基础上,得到了几何、物理和平衡三方面的方程．采用伽辽金解法,使问题归结为具有衰减特性的二阶线性常微分方程．分析表明,应力衰减速度的快慢,取决于参数ν,而ν与载荷的大小、梁截面的几何尺寸以及材料的物理性质有关．     

Topology Optimization of Fins for Rapid Heat Storage and Release in Triangular-Inside Tube Units北大核心CSCD

针对传统相变蓄热器传热速率低的问题,提出了一种内三角管式的蓄热器,并基于拓扑优化原理,以强化换热为目的,对其进行肋片设计,重构了拓扑结果,进而提取其拓扑特征重新设计肋片,分析了不同肋片设计对传热能力的影响。结果表明:内三角管式蓄热器相比传统圆管式蓄热器,蓄放热性能大大提高;安装拓扑重构肋片的蓄热器可以使蓄、放热时间缩短,传热效率提高;在蓄热过程中,分叉的拓扑特征可以提高自然对流作用;在放热过程中,安装拓扑重构肋片的蓄热器(火 积)耗散更小,可逆性更好,换热效率更高。     

具有公平偏好成员的两阶段供应链分析

本论文分析具有公平偏好零售商与制造商组成的供应链,在制造商作为Stackelberg博弈的领导者提供批发价格合同给零售商时,零售商如何确定最优的订货量而制造商如何确定最优的批发价格.当需求满足均匀分布时,研究发现存在均衡的最优订货量以及最优批发价格.本论文也分析了需求分布参数对均衡最优解的影响.最后,通过数值计算对供应链的绩效如何随公平偏好参数变化的问题进行了研究.并且说明公平偏好是零售商获取其对供应链利润分配的一种手段.     

缓变的任意截面渠道中的孤立波

本文研究了在流动方向可以有缓慢变化的任意截面渠道中的孤立波,导出了缓变系数KdV方程,并求出了此方程的首项近似解,导出了孤立波的速度的表示式,以及孤立波的波幅与渠道几何尺寸的关系,并把它们应用于三角形渠道、矩形渠道,对于变深度、变宽度矩形渠道的情况,本文的结果与Johnson、Shuto及Mile等人所得的结果一致.     

Application of the two-dimensional differential transform method to heat conduction problem for heat transfer in longitudinal rectangular and convex parabolic fins

In this article, approximate analytical (series) solutions for the temperature distribution in a longitudinal rectangular and convex parabolic fins with temperature dependent thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient are derived. The transient heat conduction problem is solved for the first time using the two-dimensional differential transform method (2D DTM). The effects of some physical parameters such as the thermo-geometric parameter, exponent and thermal conductivity gradient on temperature distribution are studied. Furthermore, we study the temperature profile at the fin tip.     

带鳍通道性能的遗传算法优化

与光滑通道相比,带鳍通道有更高的传热系数,附加的鳍,极大地增强了通道的传热.然而,传热的增强又与压降的升高相关联,这又导致泵动力需求的增加,因此应该寻求对该系统的优化设计.该文的主要目的是,通过如下方式来精确地确定鳍的位置和尺寸:利用遗传算法实现最小压降时达到最优传热.鳍的每种布局作为问题(遗传算法中的一个个体)的一个解.通常,首先随机地产生一个初始种群,然后该算法在所有这些解中搜索,利用布局函数迭代出新解,最后得到鳍的优化设计.     

Numerical analysis of convection heat transfer from an array of perforated fins using the Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations and large-eddy simulation method

Extended surfaces (fins) are frequently used in heat exchange devices to increase the heat transfer between a primary surface and the surrounding fluid. In the present study, we determined the thermal performance of an efficient type of perforated fin and we compared the results with those obtained for a simple solid fin and a flat surface without fins in the same working conditions. The modeled geometry comprised fins that had small channels with a circular cross section and different configurations, which were arranged stream-wise along the fin's length. The turbulent flow field around the perforated fins was modeled using the Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations and large-eddy simulation (LES) method with a suitable subgrid-scale model. The conjugate differential equations for both the solid and gas phases were solved simultaneously using the finite volume procedure with the SIMPLE algorithm. For LES, the flow and heat transfer characteristics were determined for a Reynolds number equal to 3.2×10⁴ based on the fin length and a Prandtl number of 0.71. The results indicated that among the different configurations, the fins with three openings had the best thermo-hydraulic performance. In addition, we found that although the heat transfer rates predicted by RANS and LES were in close agreement, there were noticeable differences in the important flow characteristics, such as the recirculation zone around the fins and the total drag force on them.     

Multi-objective optimization of pin fin to determine the optimal fin geometry using genetic algorithm

In this study, one dimensional heat transfer in a pin fin is modeled and optimized. We used Bezier curves to determine the best geometry of the fin. The model equations are solved to analyze the heat transfer. Total heat transfer rate and fin efficiency factor are considered as two objective functions and multi-objective optimization carried out to maximize heat transfer rate and fin efficiency simultaneously. Fast and elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is used to determine a set of multiple optimum solutions, called ‘Pareto optimal solutions. The optimized results are presented with Pareto front which demonstrate conflict between two objective functions in the optimized point, both energy conservation and thermal analysis are carried out to verify the solution method and the results shows good precision.     

Analytic solutions for a rotating radial fin of rectangular and various convex parabolic profiles

The homotopy analysis method (HAM) is used to develop an analytical solution for the thermal performance of a radial fin of rectangular and various convex parabolic profiles mounted on a rotating shaft and losing heat by convection to its surroundings. The convection heat transfer coefficient is assumed to be a function of both the radial coordinate and the angular speed of the shaft. Results are presented for the temperature distribution, heat transfer rate, and the fin efficiency illustrating the effect of thickness profile, the ratio of outer to inner radius, and the angular speed of the shaft. Comparison of HAM results with the direct numerical solutions shows that the analytic results produced by HAM are highly accurate over a wide range of parameters that are likely to be encountered in practice.     

Steady heat transfer through a radial fin with rectangular and hyperbolic profiles

We construct some exact solutions for thermal diffusion in a fin with a rectangular profile and another with a hyperbolic profile. Both the thermal conductivity and the heat transfer coefficient are assumed to be temperature dependent. Moreover, the thermal conductivity and the heat transfer terms are given by the same power law in one case and distinct power laws in the other. A point transformation is introduced to linearize the problem when the power laws are equal. In the other case, classical Lie symmetry techniques are employed to analyze the problem. The exact solutions obtained satisfy the realistic boundary conditions. The effects of applicable physical parameters such as the thermo-geometric fin parameter and the fin efficiency are analyzed.     

General exact solution of the fin problem with the power law temperature‐dependent thermal conductivity

In this paper, the general exact implicit solution of the second‐order nonlinear ordinary differential equation governing heat transfer in rectangular fin is obtained using Lie point symmetry method. General relationship among the fin efficiency, the rate of heat transfer from the entire fin, the fin effectiveness, and the thermo‐geometric fin parameter is obtained for any value of the mode of heat transfer n and the constant β. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.