Hirota方程的怪波解及其传输特性研究

求出了高阶Hirota方程在可积条件下的一种精确呼吸子解,并基于此呼吸子解得到了Hirota方程的一种怪波解.在此怪波解的基础上研究了怪波的激发,发现对平面波进行周期性扰动可以激发怪波,对平面波进行高斯扰动可以更快地激发怪波,还可以直接在常数项上增加高斯扰动激发怪波.作为一个实例,采用分步傅里叶方法数值研究了在考虑自频移和拉曼增益时怪波的传输特性,自频移使怪波中心发生偏移,拉曼增益使得怪波分裂得更快,而且拉曼增益值越大怪波分裂得越快,但是拉曼增益对怪波的峰值强度没有明显影响.最后数值模拟了相邻怪波之间的相互作用特点,随着怪波之间距离的减小,怪波将合二为一,成为一束怪波,之后再分裂,并分析了拉曼增益和自频移对怪波相互作用的影响.     

拉曼增益对三类有限背景解传输特性的影响

基于含有拉曼增益效应的自聚焦非线性薛定谔方程,数值研究了拉曼增益分别对Peregrine怪波(PS)、Akhmediev呼吸子(AB)和Kuznetsov-Ma孤子(KMS)传输特性的影响。结果表明:拉曼增益效应会使怪波、AB和KMS在时间方向上发生分裂,且拉曼增益系数越大,分裂速度越快;拉曼增益效应还会使三种孤子解传输距离方向上的峰值功率增大,相邻两最大压缩脉冲之间的距离缩短,且拉曼增益系数越大,最大峰值功率越大,相邻距离越小。     

二维自相似变换理论和线怪波激发

我们提出了二维自相似变换理论,以聚焦的(2+1)维NLS方程(数学称为抛物型的非线性微分方程)为模型,构建了它被转变为聚焦的(1+1)维NLS方程的二维自相似变换,深入研究了它的空间怪波激发,发现除了(1+1)维NLS方程的Peregrine孤子、高阶怪波和多怪波诱导的线怪波所具有的短寿命特征外,由Akhmediev呼吸子(AB)和Kuznetsov-Ma孤子(KMS)诱导的线怪波也具有这种短寿命特征.这与由亮孤子(包括多孤子)诱导的空间相干结构保持形状和幅值不变的演化特征完全不同.通过图示展现了本文例举的各类线怪波的演化规律.本文揭示的线怪波激发新机制,有助于提升对高维非线性波动模型的相干结构的新认识.     

空间位移PT对称非局域非线性薛定谔方程的高阶怪波解

利用Kadomtsev-Petviashvili(KP)系列约束方法和双线性方法,构造了空间位移宇称-时间反演(PT)对称非局域非线性薛定谔方程的高阶怪波解.任意N阶怪波解的解析表达式是通过舒尔多项式表示的.首先通过分析一阶怪波解的动力学行为,发现怪波的最大振幅可以大于背景平面三倍的任意高度.分析了对称非局域非线性薛定谔方程中的空间位移因子x₀在一阶怪波解中的影响,结果表明其仅改变怪波中心的位置.另外,研究了二阶怪波解的动力学行为以及怪波模式,然后给出了N阶怪波模式与N阶怪波解的解析表达式中参数之间的关系,进一步展示了高阶怪波的不同模式.     

暗怪波的相互作用

以耦合非线性薛定谔方程为理论模型,数值研究了两个一阶暗怪波在正常色散单模光纤中的相互作用.基于一阶暗怪波精确解,采用分步傅里叶数值模拟法,从间距、相位差和振幅系数比方面讨论相邻两个一阶暗怪波之间的相互作用.基于二阶暗怪波精确解,讨论了两个一阶暗怪波的非线性相互作用.研究结果表明:同相位情况下,间距参数T1为0、5、20时,相邻两个一阶暗怪波相互作用激发产生“扭结型”暗怪波.相比较于单个暗怪波发生能量的弥散,“扭结型”暗怪波分裂形成多个次暗怪波.反相位情况下,间距参数T1为2、7、12时,相邻两个一阶暗怪波相互作用也可以激发产生“扭结型”暗怪波.并且“扭结型”暗怪波初始激发的空间位置偏离原始单个暗怪波的位置5.振幅系数比越大,该空间位置越接近5.二阶暗怪波可以看作是两个一阶暗怪波的非线性叠加,复合型和三组分型二阶暗怪波与相邻两个一阶暗怪波的相互作用略有相似.     

生长及耗散波色-爱因斯坦凝聚中的怪波

利用达布变换法(Darboux transformation),解析的研究了生长及耗散波色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)中的怪波.通过降维和无量纲化,将描述BEC的Gross-Pitaevskii (GP)方程转化成一维无量纲非线性薛定谔方程.利用达布变换,得到了一维非线性薛定谔方程的怪波解析解.根据解析结果,数值模拟了生长及耗散BEC中怪波的性质.结果表明,BEC中出现了一种典型的双洞怪波,并且BEC生长会延缓怪波的消失,而BEC的耗散会加速怪波的消失.     

Hirota方程的二阶怪波解及其传输特点

为了研究Hirota方程的二阶怪波解和它在光纤中的传输特性,数值分析了二阶怪波的形成机理,并采用分步傅里叶方法数值模拟了二阶怪波在光纤中的传输特点.结果表明:二阶怪波可以看作两个怪波逐渐靠近的结果;在光纤中传输时,随着距离的增加,二阶怪波最终分裂成两组次波,每组次波的能量值降为初值的一半,它们之间的距离越来越大且互不干扰,并随着距离的增加能量逐渐降低.数值分析了自陡峭和自频移对二阶怪波传输的影响,发现自陡峭引起二阶怪波在传播过程中左波峰能量大于右波峰能量,自频移使怪波的中心发生了非线性偏离,且参数的正负决定偏离的方向.     

拉曼增益对孤子传输特性的影响

利用考虑拉曼增益效应的非线性薛定谔方程, 在忽略光纤损耗的情况下, 采用基于MATLAB的分步傅里叶数值算法, 得出线性算符和非线性算符具体的表达式, 分步作用于光孤子脉冲传输方程, 仿真模拟了光孤子在光纤中传输时的演变. 与不考虑拉曼增益的光孤子在光纤中传输相对比, 探析了拉曼增益对孤子传输特性的影响.拉曼增益会破坏孤子的传输周期, 导致孤子在光纤中传输时快速衰减, 并且影响程度和输入孤子的脉冲峰值功率大小有关, 拉曼增益对基态孤子和高阶孤子的影响也不相同. 关键词： 拉曼增益 孤子 对称分步傅里叶法 非线性薛定谔方程     

Controllable Discrete Rogue Wave Solutions of the Ablowitz-Ladik Equation in Optics

With the aid of symbolic computation Maple, the discrete Ablowitz-Ladik equation is studied via an algebra method, some new rational solutions with four arbitrary parameters are constructed. By analyzing related parameters, the discrete rogue wave solutions with alterable positions and amplitude for the focusing Ablowitz-Ladik equations are derived. Some properties are discussed by graphical analysis, which might be helpful for understanding physical phenomena in optics.     

Rogue Wave with a Controllable Center of Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation

The rogue waves with a controllable center are reported for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation in terms of rational-like functions by using a direct method. The position of these solutions can be controlled by choosing different center parameters and this may describe the possible formation mechanisms for optical, oceanic, and matter rogue wave phenomenon in optical fibres, the deep ocean, Bose-Einstein condensates respectively.     

Soliton and Rogue Wave Solution of the New Nonautonomous Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation

In this paper, a new type (or the second type) of transformation which is used to map the variable coefficient nonlinear Schrödinger (VCNLS) equation to the usual nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation is given. As a special case, a new kind of nonautonomous NLS equation with a t-dependent potential is
introduced. Further, by using the new transformation and making full use of the known soliton and rogue wave solutions of the usual NLS equation, the corresponding kinds of solutions of a special model of the new nonautonomous NLS equation are discussed respectively. Additionally, through using the new transformation, a new expression, i.e., the non-rational formula, of the rogue wave of a special VCNLS equation is given analytically.
The main differences between the two types of transformation mentioned above are listed by three items.     

High-order rogue waves for the Hirota equation

The Hirota equation is better than the nonlinear Schrödinger equation when approximating deep ocean waves. In this paper, high-order rational solutions for the Hirota equation are constructed based on the parameterized Darboux transformation. Several types of this kind of solutions are classified by their structures.     

Rogue Wave Solutions for Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with Variable Coefficients in Nonlinear Optical Systems

In this paper, the generalized Darboux transformation is constructed to variable coefficient nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation. The N-th order rogue wave solution of this variable coefficient NLS equation is obtained by determinant expression form. In particular, we present rogue waves from first to third-order through some figures and analyze their dynamics.