电子束电流对介质切伦科夫脉塞色散关系的影响

采用等离子体流体理论,从线性扰动方程出发,研究了电子束电流大小对介质切伦科夫脉塞中束波相互作用色散关系的影响,得到了当等离子体返回电流能有效中和与不能有效中和电子束电流两种情形下色散关系和波的增长率,并讨论了电子束电流对束波相互作用色散关系和波增长率的影响。研究表明,等离子体返回电流能有效中和与不能有效中和电子束电流两种情况下有着不同的色散关系和波的增长率。在波导参数和背景等离子体参数固定的情况下,电子束电流并不是越大越好,电子束电流过大不利于提高器件效率,它们之间存在最佳匹配关系。     

填充等离子体的介质同轴波导中的切伦科夫辐射

 利用自洽线性场理论，导出了薄环形相对论电子注通过填充等离子体的介质同轴波导中的注波互作用色散方程，得到了注波互作用产生切伦科夫辐射的同步条件和波增长率。分析了填充等离子体后的波与电子注之间的能量交换及等离子体密度对色散特性、波增长率和注波能量交换的影响。分析结果表明：切伦科夫辐射是由沿介质同轴波导传播的慢波与沿薄环形相对论电子注传播的负能空间电荷波耦合所致，且其耦合强度与电子注的密度成正比；输出频率和波增长率随着填充等离子体密度的增大而提高；保持一定的输出频率，增大电子注的束流可得到高的微波输出功率。     

未磁化等离子体介质切连科夫脉塞的线性理论

利用线性自洽场理论，讨论了电子在扰动场作用下的三维扰动．在此基础上，对常用的薄环形相对论电子环束在填充未磁化等离子体的介质筒慢波波导中激励的切连科夫辐射进行了详细的分析，导出了此电子环束与慢波系统中任意波导模互作用的色散方程和波增长率，并对其进行了详细的分析和讨论．分析表明切连科夫辐射是由其波导模与电子注模耦合所致．最后详细计算和分析了等离子体密度对色散特性和波增长率的影响 关键词：     

薄环形等离子体介质切伦柯夫脉塞

 理论分析了无限大引导磁场情况下的薄环形等离子体介质切伦柯夫脉塞。得出了通入相对论电子注时行列式形式的热腔色散方程,并求出了波增长率。针对不同等离子体密度下,对色散方程以及波增长率进行数值计算和模拟验证。研究发现与电子注作用的主要模式为低频等离子体模式中的前两个模式,随着等离子体密度的升高,脉塞中心工作频率升高、增益变大、带宽明显变宽,由模拟结果可以看出:等离子体频率为4.5×10¹⁹ m^-3时对应着最大的输出功率为80 MW,效率为19.75%,频率为15.55 GHz,继续增大等离子体密度虽然可以使输出频率进一步提高,但是同时会使输出功率迅速下降。     

离子通道电子束回旋脉塞的等离子体波效应

研究了离子通道回旋电子束脉塞（ICECM）中的等离子体波非线性效应。利用流体理论与自洽非线性理论方法对ICECM中等离子体波效应的微观机理进行了分析。研究发现,等离子体波加强了电子束的纵向群聚,束-波互作用的能量交换效率及系统增益得到明显提高。数值模拟计算表明,对于中等等离子体密度、1.5kA电流和1MV加速电压的电子束,系统能够获得的脉冲功率和频率分别为200MW和280GHz的毫米波束。     

离子通道电子束回旋脉塞的等离子体波效应

 研究了离子通道回旋电子束脉塞（ICECM）中的等离子体波非线性效应。利用流体理论与自洽非线性理论方法对ICECM中等离子体波效应的微观机理进行了分析。研究发现，等离子体波加强了电子束的纵向群聚，束-波互作用的能量交换效率及系统增益得到明显提高。数值模拟计算表明，对于中等等离子体密度、1.5kA电流和1MV加速电压的电子束，系统能够获得的脉冲功率和频率分别为200MW和280GHz的毫米波束。     

耗散旋波介质中的色散关系

应用Maxwell经典电磁理论，结合旋波介质的本构关系，研究耗散旋波介质中光波的色散关系．结果表明，色散关系与介质电导率、旋波因子等因素密切相关．     

旋波介质中的色散关系

从介质的物态方程出发，研究旋波介质的色散性质，给出了波数随旋波参量和频率变化的关系。     

一种矩形截面切伦柯夫脉塞金属周期慢波结构的分析方法

分析了矩形截面切伦柯夫脉塞周期金属慢波结构的色散特性,以及结构参数的变化对色散曲线的影响。为避免慢波结构两端突变引起的反射振荡,采用等效电路法分析了用于连接光滑波导和慢波结构的渐变段。将线性形、两段形和指数形的渐变段进行了比较。指数形渐变段末端的功率反射系数最小, 并且整体的变化最平缓, 因此可将其作为实现慢波与快波间转换的较优选择。分析了频率和实际加工误差对指数形渐变段功率反射系数的影响:在频率较小时,功率反射系数也较小;固定频率下,较小的加工误差能使交界处功率反射系数的变化较平缓。在此基础上设计了一个功率反射系数小于0.01的指数渐变段,实现了工作模式和快波模式之间的良好匹配。与耦合模理论分析方法相比,等效电路方法更为简洁,二者结果相符合。     

一种矩形截面切伦柯夫脉塞金属周期慢波结构的分析方法

 分析了矩形截面切伦柯夫脉塞周期金属慢波结构的色散特性,以及结构参数的变化对色散曲线的影响。为避免慢波结构两端突变引起的反射振荡,采用等效电路法分析了用于连接光滑波导和慢波结构的渐变段。将线性形、两段形和指数形的渐变段进行了比较。指数形渐变段末端的功率反射系数最小, 并且整体的变化最平缓, 因此可将其作为实现慢波与快波间转换的较优选择。分析了频率和实际加工误差对指数形渐变段功率反射系数的影响:在频率较小时,功率反射系数也较小;固定频率下,较小的加工误差能使交界处功率反射系数的变化较平缓。在此基础上设计了一个功率反射系数小于0.01的指数渐变段,实现了工作模式和快波模式之间的良好匹配。与耦合模理论分析方法相比,等效电路方法更为简洁,二者结果相符合。     

Field theory of dielectric Cherenkov maser

The effect of three-dimensional perturbed velocity and three-dimensional perturbed current density on the beam-wave interaction of dielectric Cherenkov maser is analysed by use of the self-consistent linear field theory. Three distinct cases are considered. First, the propagation of the electron beam in an annular dielectric liner enclosed by a loss-free conducting wall is investigated. The dispersion equation and the simultaneous condition of the beam-wave interaction are derived. It's clearly shown that the instability of the interaction results from the coupling of the TM mode in the dielectric lined slow-wave waveguide to the beam mode via the electron beam. And the coupling is proportional to the density of the beam. The growth rate of the wave produced by the electron beam are obtained. Then, the case of a relativistic electron beam guided by a longitudinal magnetic field in the same slow-wave structure is examined. The motion of electrons could be approximated to be one-dimensional when the simultaneous condition of the beam-wave interaction of dielectric Cherenkov maser is satisfied. Finally, the effect of the background plasma on the instability of the beam-wave interaction is studied.This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Simplified nonlinear theory of the dielectric loaded rectangular Cerenkov maser

To rapidly and accurately investigate the performance of the dielectric loaded rectangular Cerenkov maser, a simplified nonlinear theory is proposed, in which the variations of wave amplitude and wave phase are determined by two coupled first-order differential equations. Through combining with the relativistic equation of motion and adopting the forward wave assumption, the evolutions of the forward wave power, the power growth rate, the axial wave number, the accumulated phase offset, and the information of the particle movement can be obtained in a single-pass calculation. For an illustrative example, this method is used to study the influences of the beam current, the gap distance between the beam and the dielectric surface, and the momentum spread on the forward wave. The variations of the saturated power and the saturation length with the working frequency for the beams with different momentum spreads have also been studied. The result shows that the beam-wave interaction is very sensitive to the electron beam state. To further verify this simplified theory, a comparison with the result produced from a rigorous method is also provided, we find that the evolution curves of the forward wave power predicted by the two methods exhibit excellent agreement. In practical applications, the developed theory can be used for the design and analysis of the rectangular Cerenkov maser.     

Cherenkov radiation with arbitrary azimuthal mode number excited in a plasma-filled slow-wave waveguide

On the basis of the reference [1], excitation of Cherenkov radiation with arbitrary azimuthal mode number by a thin annular relativistic electron beam in a plasma-filled dielectric-lined slow-wave waveguide is studied in this paper. A determinantal dispersion equation is obtained. This general dispersion equation is valid for arbitrary azimuthal mode number, and the growth rate of the wave is derived from it. Finally, the effects of the background plasma density on the dispersion relation, the background plasma density and the electron beam radius on the growth rate of the wave are presented. Formulas and results offerd in this paper are general, and are of particular value of reference to the beam-wave interaction in azimuthally unsymmetrical slow-wave waveguide.This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China and 863 Project.     

等离子体填充金属光子晶体Cherenkov辐射源模拟研究

等离子体填充能够明显提高真空电子器件的效率和功率, 研究等离子体填充器件具有重要的科学价值. 本文基于对等离子体填充金属光子晶体慢波结构色散特性的分析, 利用粒子模拟方法展示了等离子体填充慢波结构中的注波互作用过程. 重点研究了慢波结构中场分布特性、等离子体密度和外部工作条件对频率及输出功率的影响. 研究发现, 填充一定密度等离子体后, 慢波结构内纵向和横向电场强度明显增大, 注波互作用增强, 输出频率受等离子体影响不大. 金属光子晶体结构具有的频率选择特性使器件工作于TM₀₁模态. 阴极电压增加使输出功率增大, 频率略有增加. 引导磁场增加使输出功率先增大后减小, 而频率基本不受影响. 等离子体填充后器件的输出功率上升, 当增加压强至100 mTorr(1 mTorr=0.133 Pa) 时, 输出功率提高约20%, 但只有适当密度下才有较好的角向场分布. 通过理论与模拟相结合, 发现填充一定密度的等离子体能够提高器件输出功率和效率, 为发展新型高功率毫米波振荡辐射源奠定了理论和仿真基础.     

Excitation of microwave by an annular electron beam in a plasma-filled dielectric lined waveguide

An axial relativistic electron beam passing through a slow wave structure is unstable to an electromagnetic perturbation whose phase velocity equals the velocity of the beam. This phenomenon of Cherenkov emission is the basis of all traveling wave tubes. In this paper an excitation of Cherenkov radiation by a thin annular relativistic electron beam in a plasma-filled dielectric-lined waveguide is analysed by use of the self-consistent linear theory. The effect of the thin annular electron beam on the beam-wave interaction is completely described by a jump condition. The dispersion equation and the simultaneous condition of the beam-wave interaction are derived. Finally, the growth rate of the wave is obtained, and the effect of the background plasma density and the electron beam radius on the growth rate of the wave are presented.This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

三层非线性平面光波导TM波的精确色散关系

对于介质薄膜波导的一边或两边复盖有介电常数与光强成正比的非线性介质的三种不同结构，本文导出了三层非线性平面光波导ＴＭ波的精确色散关系。对称三层非线性平面光波导的数值计算实例与有限元法的结果完全一致。