Microwave-Triggered Metal-Enhanced Chemiluminescence (MT-MEC): Application to Ultra-fast and Ultra-sensitive Clinical Assays

In this rapid communication we describe a new approach to protein detection with chemiluminescence. By combining common practices in protein detection with chemiluminescence, microwave technology, and metal-enhanced chemiluminescence, we show that we can use low power microwaves to substantially increase enzymatic chemiluminescent reaction rates on metal substrates. As a result, we have found that we can in essence trigger chemiluminescence with low power microwave (Mw) pulses and ultimately, perform on-demand protein detection assays. Using microwave triggered metal-enhanced chemiluminescence (MT-MEC), we not only improve the sensitivity of immunoassays with enhanced signal-to-noise ratios, but we also show that we can accurately quantify protein concentrations by integrating the photon flux for discrete time intervals.     

Photon-Solitons and Some Experimental Possibilities

In this paper we show that the possible existence of the photon as a soliton [1] can be studied with the help of well-known experimental results and we propose some new experiments which can help to examine some properties of the soliton. First, we compare the soliton energy density to the energy density of Planck and we show that the two densities are consistent. Second, we make an attempt to explain some old experiments with our soliton model of the photon and we show that the results of such experiments do not contradict the existence of such solitons. We also discuss the possibilities for new, improved experiments, which can help to distinguish the soliton interaction from the interaction of a classical electromagnetic wave with charged particles.     

一类延迟混沌系统沿主轴方向上Lyapunov指数的计算方法

提出了一种计算延迟混沌系统沿主轴方向上Lyapunov指数的方法：矩阵迭代法.给出了其计算方法的原理及推导过程;同时推导了一类泰勒展开法,介绍了已有的Wolf替代法计算延迟混沌系统的Lyapunov指数.分析了三种不同计算方法的优缺点,最后进行了数值模拟,验证方法的有效性. 关键词： Lyapunov指数 延迟混沌系统 矩阵迭代法 泰勒展开法     

LEFT-INVARIANT PSEUDO-EINSTEIN METRICS ON LIE GROUPS

In this article, we focus on left-invariant pseudo-Einstein metrics on Lie groups. To begin with, we give some examples of pseudo-Einstein metrics on Lie groups. Also we calculate the Levi-civita connection, and then Ricci tensor associated with left-invariant pseudo-Riemannian metrics on the unimodular Lie groups of dimension three. Furthermore, we show that the left-invariant pseudo-Einstein metric on SL(2) is unique up to a constant. At last, we study the left-invariant pseudo-Riemannian metrics on compact Lie groups and classify the pseudo-Einstein metrics on the low-dimensional compact Lie groups.     

Chaos in a gravitational field with dipoles

In this paper we investigate the dynamics of a test particle in the gravitational field with dipoles. At first we study the gravitational potential by numerical simulations, we find that, for appropriate parameters, there are two different cases in the potential curve: one is the one-well case with a stable critical point, and the other is the three-well case with three stable critical points and two unstable critical points. By performing Poincare sections for different values of the parameters and initial conditions, we find a regular motion and a chaotic motion. From these Poincar6 sections,we further confirm that the chaotic motion of the test particle originates mainly from the dipoles.     

Theory of strong interactions. I. Kinematics

This paper is the first of a series devoted to strong interaction theory. As a general introduction to the series, we give a critical survey of theories and models presently in force.In a previous paper, we studied the kinematics of a single unstable hadron, the state of which was described as an incoherent superposition of states with different masses. To such a state there corresponds a function on the Poincaré group, called a characteristic function. Here we take up these old results anew, we work them out, and we go more thoroughly into their physical foundations. Then we describe the kinematics of several particles.The theory of strong interactions must take into account two opposed features of unstable hadrons: their identity and their difference with stable hadrons. The identity implies that an unstable hadron is in a certain state, described by a density operator; the difference is that this state has a mass spectrum, whose width cannot be neglected.We make the further assumption that the state is an incoherent superposition of components with different masses. This assumption is compared to the statistics experiment of Baton and Laurens, in which the components with different masses have been effectively separated.We define the characteristic function of such a state, and we point out its analogy with a usual characteristic function in probability theory. The physical meaning of characteristic functions is studied on the example of a spin, then in the general case.Then we study the characteristic function of several hadrons, and we define two notions: the global particle and the inclusive characteristic function.     

Influence of thermalization on the initial condition for heavy ion collisions

In this paper, we discuss the important role of the thermalization process in the initial distribution of QGP. We find that the negligible heat conduction inside QGP can be expressed as an effective Fourier law and we further analyse qualitatively the results caused by a thermalized initial condition. Based on this arguments, we construct a simple phenomenological model and work with the hydro code, and then we compare our results with the experimental data and the results of the standard initial model. It is found that, as we have argued, a thermalized initial condition suppresses the value of the elliptic flow.     

Opacity calculations for Non-Local-Thermodynamic-Equilibrium plasmas

In this paper, we presented a method to calculate the spectral-resolved opacity for Non-Local-Thermodynamic-Equilibrium (non-LTE) plasmas. By solving the rate equations, we get the population. In the rate equations, configuration-averaged rate coefficients are used and the cross sections are calculated based on the first-perturbation theory. Using the detailed configuration accounting with the term structures treated by the unresolved transition array model, we calculated the spectral-resolved opacity of Al plasmas. The results are compared with those of other theoretical models. From the comparison, we can see that the present results fit well with other models for low-Z plasmas. For high-Z plasmas, we will give detailed discussion in the future.     

“阳”加速器磁驱动平面飞片实验和速度计算校验

脉冲功率驱动源作为磁驱动加载的重要手段,通过调整其电路参数可调节负载电流波形,实现对样品无冲击准等熵加载。在阳加速器上,开展了一系列轴对称结构和带状结构构型的磁驱动平面飞片发射实验,电极材料采用不锈钢和LY-12铝。实验中测量了进入负载的电流历史和电极后自由面速度历史,并通过时序控制将两者时间关联起来。本文以测量到的电流历史数据为基础,引入负载电流分布系数,并结合已知的LY-12铝的状态方程数据,计算电极后自由面速度历史和飞片速度历史。通过实验测量自由面速度历史校验负载各个位置的电流分布系数。另外,基于装置参数和实验数据确定了考虑负载电感变化的装置等效电路模型,形成了计算样品压力加载历史和电极后自由面速度历史估算程序。此外,初步分析不同厚度电极的自由面速度历史,获取了电极材料的准等熵加载波剖面信息,观察到一系列准等熵加载下材料动力学性能引起的物理现象。     

驱动马达定向运动的随机动力学模型

本文在非对称周期势中考虑驱动马达的机械化学耦合,基于布朗马达的工作原理,利用MATLAB数值模拟驱动马达在一定实验条件下的运动特征.我们首先模拟了单个驱动马达的位移和速度随时间变化的图像,然后分别计算了多个驱动马达运动的平均速度,最后计算了不同负载力条件下马达运动速度的系综平均值.模拟结果表明驱动马达在定向运动中存在等...     

Theoretical computation of the electrical conductivity of thermalplasmas-application to plasma torch design of an electrothermal launcher

Designing a plasma torch that allows the ignition of gun propellant is generally complex. In this paper, however, we show that it is possible to design a torch from using simplified calculation of electrical conductivity with the help of an experienced design method (Doehlert matrix). First, we explain how to obtain plasma composition both at and out of thermal equilibrium. Then, we compare the simplified calculation with the complete calculation of electrical conductivity. Then, we construct a Doehlert matrix as a function of temperature and thermal nonequilibrium. Finally, we study the length/diameter ratio versus the length and resistivity     

Strong correlation, electron-phonon interaction and critical fluctuations: isotope effect, pseudogap formation, and phase diagram of the cuprates

Within the Hubbard-Holstein model with long-range Coulomb forces, we revisit the charge-ordering (CO) scenario for the superconducting cuprates and account for the presence or the absence of a formed stripe phase in different classes of cuprates. We also evaluate the mean-field and the fluctuation-corrected critical lines for CO and we relate them with the various pseudogap crossover lines occurring in the cuprates and we discuss a mechanism for their peculiar isotopic dependence. Considering the dynamical nature of the CO transition, we explain the spread of T∗ and of its isotopic shift, obtained with experimental probes with different characteristic time scales.     

激光驱动飞片三台阶靶模型的理论分析：用于状态方程的绝对测量

数值计算了激光直接驱动铝飞片空腔靶模型.结果表明：激光和靶结构参数对飞片状态和靶中冲击波特性的影响很大;如果激光和靶结构参数选择合理的话,可以近似实现飞片与靶的对称碰撞,而且靶中冲击波的稳定区有一定的空间宽度;因而,选择适当厚度的三台阶靶,可以近似实现状态方程的绝对测量.     

Bouncing cosmological solutions due to the self-gravitational corrections and their stability

In this paper we consider the bouncing braneworld scenario, in which the bulk is given by a five-dimensional AdS black hole spacetime with matter field confined in a 3D brane. Exploiting the CFT/FRW-cosmology relation, we consider the self-gravitational corrections to the first Friedmann-like equation which is the equation of the brane motion. The self-gravitational corrections act as a source of stiff matter contrary to standard FRW cosmology, where the charge of the black hole plays this role. Then we study the stability of solutions with respect to homogeneous and isotropic perturbations. Specifically, if we do not consider the self-gravitational corrections, the AdS black hole with zero ADM mass and open horizon is an attractor, while, if we consider the self-gravitational corrections, the AdS black hole with zero ADM mass and flat horizon is a repeller.     

Teaching a laser beam to go straight

In classical physics a beam of light propagates in a perfectly straight line and this means that we can measure small displacements with unlimited accuracy. However, this is not correct for real laser beams when we take the quantum properties of light into account. Spatial measurements will be limited by quantum noise, similar to the limitations for optical communication and sensing. Here we derive the spatial quantum noise limit and show how to measure it. Next we demonstrate that we can use specially prepared light with quantum correlations, so-called squeezed light, to improve spatial measurements to below this quantum limit. In this way we prepare a beam which goes in a straighter line than the output of any conventional laser.     

1053nm附近掺镱光纤超荧光光源的研究

在理论分析的基础上，提出并实现了利用两个光纤光栅串联结构构成的平坦性较好，特定波 段荧光功率输出较大的超荧光光源，并和光纤反射圈结构和没有反射装置的结构作了比较. 实验利用了1052.54—1053.42nm的反射率为29.6dB和1052.624—1055.60nm的反射率为 34.4dB的两个宽带光纤光栅得到了1052.5—1055.5nm波段的3nm宽的比其他波段要高12dB 的超荧光. 关键词： 串联宽带光纤光栅 超荧光光源 3+光纤')" href="#">掺Yb³⁺光纤 光纤反射圈     

激光驱动飞片三中阶靶模型的分析：用于状态方程的绝对测量

We present the numerical calculation of the model of aluminum flyer-vacuum-target with high power laser driving.The results show that the parameters of laser and target's structure have great effects on the state of flyer and the character of shock-waves in the target.If we select the parameters of laser and target's structure reasonably, we can achieve approximately symmetric impact between flyer and target;moreover,the shock-wave in the target has a stable area with a certain spatial width.So,if we choose the three-step-target with a suitable thickness,we can approach an absolute measurement of equation-of-state.     

Constructing phantom cosmologies from standard scalar field universes

We illustrate how form-invariance transformations can be used for constructing phantom cosmologies from standard scalar field universes. First we discuss how to relate two flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmologies with different barotropic indexes gamma and gamma;. Then we consider the particular case gamma;=-gamma, and we show that, if the matter content is interpreted in terms of self-interacting scalar fields, then the corresponding transformation provides the link between a standard and a phantom cosmology. After that, we illustrate the method by considering models with exponential potentials. Finally, we also show that the mentioned duality persists even if the typical brane-world modifications to the Friedmann equation are considered.     

Quantization of conformal gravity: Another approach to the renormalization of gravity

The non-renormalizability of quantum gravity poses a great problem to the construction of any unified field theory of all known interactions. Normally, we start with a unitary theory of gravity and investigate its renormalization properties. This is the first of a series of papers where we start with the opposite approach, beginning with a renormalizable theory and investigating its unitarity structure. In particular, we study non-perturbative approaches to the quantization of conformal gravity. Using ADM coordinates, we perform the canonical quantization of the Weyl action C_μναβ², which is renormalizable and is also local scale invariant. Although this theory is certainly not unitary in perturbation theory, we speculate that unitarity may be restored when we approach this theory non-perturbatively, by examining the possibility of different phase transitions.