大孔吸附树脂提取青蒿素的研究

探讨了大孔吸附树脂提取青蒿素的方法。以青蒿素的吸附量,青蒿素含量,青蒿素收率和提取率为考察指标,确定大孔吸附树脂提取青蒿素的工艺条件。研究结果表明,ADS-17树脂对青蒿素的吸附量大,解吸容易,可用于提取黄花蒿中青蒿素的工业化生产,其工艺条件为:青蒿素最大吸附量为112.30mg/g,吸附流速为2BV/h,洗脱剂为90%乙醇,解吸流速为2BV/h,青蒿素含量大于99%,收率高达0.3%,提取率高达75%以上。     

Micropropagation of Salvia wagneriana Polak and hairy root cultures with rosmarinic acid production

Salvia wagneriana Polak is a tropical species native to Central America, well adapted to grow in the Mediterranean basin for garden decoration. Micropropagation has been assessed from axillary shoots of adult plants using a Murashige and Skoog basal medium, with the addition of 1.33-μM 6-benzylaminopurine for shoot proliferation; the subsequent rooting phase occurred in plant growth regulator-free medium. The plants were successfully acclimatised with high survival frequency. Hairy roots were induced after co-cultivation of leaf lamina and petiole fragments with Agrobacterium rhizogenes and confirmed by PCR. The establishment and proliferation of the selected HRD3 line were obtained in hormone-free liquid medium and the production of rosmarinic acid (RA) was evaluated after elicitation. The analysis of RA was performed by LC-ESI-DAD-MS in the hydroalcoholic extracts. The addition of casein hydrolysate increased the RA production, whereas no enrichment was observed after the elicitation with jasmonic acid.     

Simultaneous densitometric determination of artemisinin, artemisinic acid and arteannuin-B in Artemisia annua using reversed-phase thin layer chromatography

A rapid and simple RP-TLC method for simultaneous quantification of pharmacologically important sesquiterpene artemisinin (AM) together with its precursors arteannuin-B (AB) and artemisinic acid (AA) in the inflorescence part of Artemisia annua plant has been developed. The RP-TLC of sesquiterpenes was performed on RP-18 F254 S thin-layer chromatographic plates by developing in mobile phase, containing 0.2% TFA in water/ACN (35:65, v/v). The densitometric determination of AM, AB and AA was carried out after derivatization with anisaldehyde reagent at 426 nm in absorption-reflectance mode.     

INFECTION OF Ri T-DNA-TRANSFORMED ROOTS BY Plasmodiophora brassicae IN Brassica CROPS

Many Ri T-DNA-transformed roots were incited on seedling hypocotyl segments of cabbage, cauliflower and oilseed rape following genetic transformation with Agribacterium rhi-zogencs. The transformed roots were in vitro inoculated with the resting spores of Plasmodi-ophora brassicae on solid medium, in liquid medium and semi-solid medium respectively.On solid medium, the resting spores penetrated root hair cells, but the root cortex was not invaded so that no symptom of clubroot galls was developed. In liquid medium, the root cortex was invaded, giving rise to an abnormal division of root cortical tissues and gall formation. In semi-solid medium, the resting spores penetrated the cells of the cut surfaces of root segments and caused the cut surfaces to swell.     

Stereoselective reduction of arteannuin B and its chemical transformations

Absolute stereochemistry of dihydroarteannuin B 5 obtained by the reduction of arteannuin B 3 with Ni₂B, NaBH₄ or CdCl₂-Mg-MeOH-H₂O has been established by 2D NMR and single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Some experiments aimed at the synthesis of dihydrodeoxyarteannuin B [C-4, 5 double bond isomer of 11] are also discussed.     

青蒿挥发性化学成分分析

用同时蒸馏－萃取装置（ＳＤＥ）提取了青蒿的挥发性物质,用ＧＣ－ＭＳ法分析鉴定出５０种化合物,其中主要成分为醛类（１８．１６％）、酮类（８．２４％）、醇类（１７．３６％）、酯类（１１．０２％）、酸类（７．３１％）、烃及萜类（２５．５８％）、杂环类（１０．３８％）,占总检出量的９８．０５％。     

Development of a sensitive monoclonalantibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the antimalaria active ingredient artemisinin in the Chinese herb Artemisia annua L.

Artemisinin is an endoperoxide sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the Chinese medicinal plant Artemisia annua L. It has been widely used in South-East Asia and Africa as an effective drug against sensitive and multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. A monoclonal antibody (mAb), designated as 3H2, was generated with artesunate–bovine serum albumin conjugate as the immunogen. mAb 3H2 was used to develop a highly sensitive and specific indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) for artemisinin. The concentration of analyte producing 50% of inhibition (IC₅₀) and the working range of the icELISA were 1.3 and 0.2–5.8 ng/mL, respectively. The mAb 3H2 recognized the artemisinin analogs artesunate, dihydroartemisinin, and artemether with cross-reactivity of 650%, 57%, and 3%, respectively, but negligibly recognized deoxyartemisinin and the artemisinin precursors arteannuin B and artemisinic acid. The average recoveries of artemisinin fortified in A. annua samples at concentrations from 156 to 5,000 μg/g determined by icELISA ranged from 91% to 98%. The icELISA was applied for the determination of artemisinin in different wild A. annua samples and the results were confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The correlation coefficient (R ²) between the two assays was larger than 0.99, demonstrating a good agreement between the icELISA and HPLC results. This ELISA is suitable for quality assurance of A. annua L. materials. Figure  Artemisia annua plant and antimalarial drugs derived from artemisinin