An operator splitting numerical scheme for thermal/isothermal incompressible viscous flows

A numerical scheme for time‐dependent incompressible viscous fluid flow, thermally coupled under the Boussinesq approximation is presented. The scheme combines an operator splitting in the time discretization and linear finite elements in the space discretization, and is an extension of one previously applied for isothermal incompressible viscous flow governed by the Navier–Stokes equations. To show the efficiency of the scheme, numerical results are presented for mixed convection, and natural convection at high Rayleigh numbers. Restricting the scheme to the isothermal case, some numerical results at high Reynolds numbers are included, i.e. the scheme is tested for a small viscosity and a large force term, which are not trivial tasks to deal with. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A streamfunction–velocity approach for 2D transient incompressible viscous flows

Electrodeposition is a widely used technique for the fabrication of high aspect ratio microstructures. In recent years, much research has been focused within this area aiming to understand the physics behind the filling of high aspect ratio vias and trenches on substrates and in particular how they can be made without the formation of voids in the deposited material. This paper reports on the fundamental work towards the advancement of numerical algorithms that can predict the electrodeposition process in micron scaled features. Two different numerical approaches have been developed, which capture the motion of the deposition interface and 2‐D simulations are presented for both methods under two deposition regimes: those where surface kinetics is governed by Ohm's law and the Butler–Volmer equation, respectively. In the last part of this paper the modelling of acoustic forces and their subsequent impact on the deposition profile through convection is examined. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Numerical solutions of 2‐D steady incompressible driven cavity flow at high Reynolds numbers

Numerical calculations of the 2‐D steady incompressible driven cavity flow are presented. The Navier–Stokes equations in streamfunction and vorticity formulation are solved numerically using a fine uniform grid mesh of 601 × 601. The steady driven cavity flow solutions are computed for Re ? 21 000 with a maximum absolute residuals of the governing equations that were less than 10^?10. A new quaternary vortex at the bottom left corner and a new tertiary vortex at the top left corner of the cavity are observed in the flow field as the Reynolds number increases. Detailed results are presented and comparisons are made with benchmark solutions found in the literature. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

封闭水平矩形腔内流体自然对流第一次逆叉形分岔的数值研究

本文采用二阶全展开ETG(Euler-Taylor-Galerkin)分裂步有限元方法,对长宽比为3.5(L/B=3.5,如图 1所示)的封闭矩形腔体内,三种Pr数条件下,定常层流范围内,流体自然对流叉形分岔随Rayleigh数的演化过程进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明,该矩形腔内对应三种Pr数条件下,流体的叉形分岔的演化过程中,在第二次模态Ⅱ型叉形分岔之后,均会出现两个较小尺度涡旋合并,突变为一个较大尺度涡旋的全新叉形分岔模态。即在某临界Ra数两侧,存在定常四涡结构和定常三涡结构两个定常解支,当系统控制参数Ra越过临界值,前者被后者突发性取代,这是完全不同于传统叉形分岔的逆叉形分岔。其数值预报,则采用分半法结合流动拓扑结构及典型截面处速度扩线上鞍点的变化来确定。计算结果表明,在计算的Pr数条件下,随Pr数的增加逆叉形分岔对应临界Ra数的取值也会提高。