乳状液膜体系分离锌(Ⅱ)

研究了span80(失水山梨醇单油酸脂)-SDS(十二烷基磺酸钠)与span80-AOT(2-乙基己基琥珀酸酯磺酸钠)两种乳状液膜体系对锌(Ⅱ)分离效果的比较。分别讨论了液膜体系中表面活性剂和内相试剂浓度、乳水比和油内比对锌(Ⅱ)去除率的影响。试验了锌(Ⅱ)与共存组分的分离。     

以正十六胺为载体的乳状液膜迁移分离镉(Ⅱ)

以正十六胺为载体的乳状液膜迁移分离镉(Ⅱ)     

以三正辛胺-失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯-二甲苯乳状液膜迁移分离汞(Ⅱ)的研究

用三正辛胺-失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯-二甲苯乳状液膜体系研究了汞(Ⅱ)的迁移行为,确定了完全且快速迁移汞(Ⅱ)的制乳和迁移条件。汞(Ⅱ)可与常见离子Zn~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Mn~(2+)等得到满意的分离。     

铜(Ⅱ)在双表面活性剂液膜体系中的迁移行为

乳状液膜分离技术具有快速高效、选择性强、富集比大等优点[1-4],但该技术目前大多还处在实验阶段,要实现工业化则必须解决液膜稳定性、有毒试剂的使用及二次污染等问题.表面活性剂对于乳状液膜的形成和稳定至关重要[5-7],而在液膜体系中采用复合表面活性剂,能改善液膜性能,提高膜稳定性及传质效率[8].本文研究了铜(Ⅱ)在span80-SDS-NH3液膜体系中的迁移行为.体系中无流动载体,利用内、外相中被分离物的浓度梯度促进物质迁移.当Cu2+进入内相时,与NH3产生络合反应,使内相中游离的铜离子浓度趋于零而促使其由外相进入内相,实现Cu2+与外相溶液的分离.     

双硫腙改性的聚(二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯)微球的制备及其对铜离子的吸附研究

用悬浮聚合法由二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯(EGDMA)和甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)共聚制备得到聚(二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯)(PHEMA)微球,考察了NaOH浓度、反应时间等对用双硫腙进行PHEMA改性反应的影响以及铜离子水溶液浓度(5～500mg/L)、pH(2.0～6.5)、吸附时间等对改性后的微球对铜离子吸附性能影响的因素.改性的PHEMA微球对铜离子的最大吸附量为65.6mg铜离子/g双硫腙;而且,吸附有铜离子的改性PHEMA微球用0.1mol/L的硝酸的解吸率可达到90%以上,经过3次吸附-解吸循环后,解吸率仍基本不变,这表明双硫腙改性的PHEMA微球可以多次反复使用,具有良好的应用前景.     

星型两亲性聚己内酯-b-聚甲基丙烯酸(2-羟乙酯)嵌段共聚物的合成和表征

通过开环聚合(ROP)和原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)制备了一类新型的两亲性嵌段共聚物——六臂星形聚(ε-已内酯)-b-聚甲基丙烯酸(2-羟乙酯)(6sPCL-b-PHEMA).6sPCL-b-PHEMA通过三步反应合成:(1)双季戊四醇开环聚合ε-己内酯的合成6sPCL;(2)以2-溴异丁基酰溴封端星形聚合物制备大分...     

沸石咪唑酯骨架材料-8/多壁碳纳米管电化学传感器灵敏检测镉离子(Ⅱ)和铅离子(Ⅱ)

将沸石咪唑酯骨架材料-8(ZIF-8)与多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)结合,制备得到ZIF-8/MWCNT复合材料,并基于此构建了一种可用于Cd²⁺和Pb²⁺同时测定的电化学传感器。MWCNT的引入增强了复合材料的导电性;同时,ZIF-8与MWCNT之间的协同作用使ZIF-8/MWCNT复合材料表现出优异的电催化活性,将ZIF-8/MWCNT复合材料修饰玻碳电极(GCE),能够实现Cd²⁺和Pb²⁺的分别和同时检测。在最优实验条件下,基于ZIF-8/MWCNT/GCE的电化学传感器对Cd²⁺和Pb²⁺分别检测的线性范围分别为0.03～8.00μmol/L和0.03～6.00μmol/L,检出限分别为0.019和0.035μmol/L(S/N=3);对Cd²⁺和Pb²⁺同时检测的线性范围分别为0.03～5.00μmol/L和0.03～5.00μmol/L,检出限分别为0.022和0.048μmol/L(S/N=3)。此...     

三正辛胺-二甲苯液膜迁移Cd(Ⅱ)的研究

研究了三正辛胺-二甲苯支撑液膜体系中搅拌速率、反萃剂、三正辛胺浓度、料液中H+浓度等因素对Cd(Ⅱ)离子迁移的影响.用大块液膜测定了不同温度时Cd(Ⅱ)离子跨膜迁移的萃取及反萃取的表观速率常数k₁和k_2.实验表明,温度升高,k₁和k₂均增大(k₁>k₂),且达到膜相最大镉离子浓度时所需的时间逐渐减少.膜相积累的镉离子浓度达最大时,Cd(Ⅱ)离子跨膜传输为稳态传输.根据Arrhenious关系得到膜相萃取反应和反萃取反应的活化能分别为23.8和19.3kJ/mol.     

二-(2-乙基己基)磷酸-煤油液膜萃取锌(Ⅱ)的动力学分析

锌离子;二乙基己基磷酸;迁移动力学;二-(2-乙基己基)磷酸-煤油液膜萃取锌(Ⅱ)的动力学分析     

Selective Transport of Saccharides Through a Liquid Membrane Using Cyclodextrin Dimer

A new effective transport system for saccharides through a liquid membranewas constructed. The transport rate of d-ribose in the condition of theliquid membrane with cyclodextrin dimer (2) as a transporter is 2.5 timerlarger than that without the transporter, whereas the transport rate of d-ribosein the condition of the liquid membrane with cyclodextrin monomer (1) isalmost the same as that without the transporter. The transport rate of methyld-glucoside by 2 is over twice than that by 1. The transport rate of d-deoxyribose by 2 is larger than that by 1.     

Transport of Ca^2＋ Ion through a Bubbling Pseudo—emulsion Liquid Membrane with Calixarenes and Calixcrowns as Carriers

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＣａｌｉｘａｒｅｎｅｓｃｏｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅａｖｅｒｓａｔｉｌｅｃｌａｓｓｏｆｍａｃｒｏｃｙｃｌｉｃｃｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｓｔｈａｔｃａｎｂｅｅａｓｉｌｙｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｌｉｚｅｄ ,ｔｈｕｓａｆｆｏｒｄ ｉｎｇａｌａｒｇｅｖａｒｉｅｔｙｏｆｎｅｗｍｕｌｔｉｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｌｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒｓ .1Ｉｎｔｈｅｐａｓｔｔｗｏｄｅｃａｄｅｓ ,ｔｈｅｙｈａｖｅｐｌａｙｅｄａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｒｏｌｅｉｎｓｕｐｒａｍｏｌｅｃｕｌａｒｃｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙａｓｕｓｅｆｕｌｂｕｉｌｄｉｎｇｂｌｏ…     

乳状液膜迁移分离铋(Ⅲ)

用三异辛胺（ＴＩＯＡ）０Ｓｐａｎ ＳＯ－甲苯乳太液膜迁移Ｂｉ（Ⅲ）的研究表明,在合适的制乳和迁移条件下,Ｂｉ（Ⅲ）可以快速完全地迁入内相,并能与Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ｃｏ＾２＋、Ｎｉ＾３＋、ＡＩ＾３＋、Ｃｒ＾３＋、Ｍｍ＾３＋、Ｃｕ２＋、Ｐｂ＾＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋、Ｃ完全分离。     

Assembling Synthesis of ZnSe Orthohexagonal Slices through Emulsion Liquid Membrane System of Gas-liquid Transport

Orthohexagonal slices assembled by ZnSe quantum dots were synthesized through emulsion liquid membrane system. These orthohexagonal slices were 1.5-3.5 μm in side length and were self-assembled by ZnSe quantum dots of 2-3 nm. It was proposed the surfactant molecules on ZnSe quantum dots played a key role in the self-assembly process.     

Extraction of Arsenic(V) from Water Using Emulsion Liquid Membrane

In this article, the extraction of arsenic(V) from water by means of emulsion liquid membrane is investigated. The influence of operating factors such as stirring speed, concentration of sulfuric acid in the external aqueous phase, concentration of sodium sulfate in internal stripping phase, and concentration of carrier in the membrane phase on the extraction efficiency are investigated and their optimum values, which provide the maximum recovery of arsenic, are determined. Taguchi experimental design is used in order to reduce the number of experiments. The optimum amounts for the extraction of arsenic from water, based on the results, are: stirring speed, 500 rpm; concentration of sulfuric acid in the feed, 1.5 g mol/lit; concentration of reagent in internal phase, 1.5 g mol/lit; and concentration of carrier in 3 ml kerosene which is added to the membrane phase, 0.1 g mol/lit.     

乳状液膜法制备硫氧化物超细X射线发光粉

采用乳状液膜法制备了颗粒均匀的Gd-Tb草酸盐微粒，将草酸盐粒子放在硫气气氛下焙烧后得到Gd2O2S：Tb超细X射线发光粉。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外(IR)光谱、光致发光(PL)光谱和X射线激发发光光谱(XEL)对微晶进行了表征。结果表明，900℃下焙烧后的粒子显示了单一的六角形Gd2O2S晶相，与传统固相法相比，有效降低了焙烧温度。根据谢乐公式，估算一次粒径为29nm，初级粒子尺寸较小，这在一定程度上可以提高成像系统的空间分辨率。从SEM照片来看，粒子显示了一定的团聚性，但团聚尺寸＜5μm，为超细X射线发光粉。同时，在254nm紫外光和X射线激发下，Gd2O2S：Tb发光粉都显示出Tb^3 的特征发射峰，并且通过分析红外光谱对样品发光性能的影响作了详细的讨论。     

镍在乳状液膜体系中的迁移行为

研究了镍在乳状液膜分离体系中的迁移行为。在此分离体系中,以煤油作为膜溶剂,span80为表面活性剂,磷酸三丁酯(TBP)为载体。详细讨论了制乳时间和混合时间、span80和TBP浓度、乳水比和油内比、内相NH。和外相HCl的浓度对镍迁移率的影响,确立了最佳分离条件。     

Studies of Anion Transport Through Supported Liquid Membrane

Abstract

Transport studies of anions were investigated through cellulose triacetate supported liquid membrane. The experimental variables explored were concentration of anions, sodium hydroxide, and stirring speed. The two-channel membrane system has been explored for the transport of carbonate ions from source to receiving phases. Carbonate ions are selectively transported through the cellulose triacetate supported liquid membrane in comparison with that of nitrate and sulfate. Sulfate and nitrate anions are strongly held in the cellulose triacetate membrane, and then stripped out later. Carbonate ions are loosely bound to the cellulose triacetate membrane and stripped out earlier.     

Biomimetic Synthesis of CdSe Quantum Dots through Emulsion Liquid Membrane System of Gas-Liquid Transport

The cadmium selenide quantum dots (QD) have been synthesized by template-control in an emulsion fiquid membrane system. The system consisted of kerosene as solvent, L152 (dialkylene succinimide) as surfactant,N7301 (trialiphatic amine, R3N, R=C8-C10) as carrier, 0.1mol/L CdCl2 solution as internal-aqueous phase and H2Se gas as external phase. Additive organic template agent in internal-aqueous phase was necessary to form CdSe QD. The influence of the nature of template and its concentration on sizes of the formed CdSe QD has also been studied. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the sizes of the products could be controlled down to 3-4nm. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the crystals had cubic structure. The formation process and the optical properties of CdSe QD have also been presented.