百岁老人头发中矿物元素检测分析

应用美国的Ｐｌａｓｍａ－Ｓｐｅｃ光谱仪检测了３１例百岁老人头发中铁、铅、铜、钙、铝、锶、镍、锰、镉１０种元素和含量，并与健康成人组对照比较，发现百岁组发锌、铁增高和发锶、锰、钙、铜减低，与成人组比较有显著差异，另虽发铅、镉、镍增高和发铝减低但与成人组比较，并无统计学意义，文中还对矿物元素分析对健康长寿与疾病的作用进行初步探讨。     

人中白矿物元素含量分析

用原子吸收分光光度法测定了中药人中白中 1 2种矿物元素含量。结果表明 ,人中白中Ca、Mg、Ba、K和Na的含量在 1× 1 0 3以上 ,而Fe、Cr、Mn的含量在 1 0× 1 0 6 ～ 1 0 0 0× 1 0 6 范围内 ;Ni、Se浓度也超过 1 0× 1 0 6 ,Cu、Co的含量也在 5× 1 0 6 以上。     

冬虫夏草中8种矿物元素含量分析

利用火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS),测定了冬虫夏草中Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn,Mg,Ca,Co以及Cd等8种矿物元素的含量,测定了各元素的加标回收率在98.9%~109.3%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于1.2%,具有良好的准确度和精确度。结果表明,冬虫夏草中含有丰富的Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn,Mg,Ca,Co等多种矿物元素,不含有毒金属元素Cd。     

分光光度法测定稻米及副产品中矿物元素锗

采用分光光度法对稻米及副产品中矿物元素锗进行分析研究。在优化实验条件下,标准曲线回归方程为A=0.012 36C+0.030 39,相关系数r=0.999 6,线性范围为0~7.2μg/mL,方法加标回收率为98.5%~106.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.6%。结果表明:稻米中锗含量为0.738 2μg/g、米糠中锗含量为3.971 3μg/g、稻秆中锗含量为7.597 9μg/g、稻壳中锗含量为13.644 0μg/g、稻叶中锗含量为14.906 1μg/g。     

仁东大蒜矿物元素的分析

采用湿法消化样品,用原子吸收光谱法对广西玉林仁东镇6个不同自然村大蒜(仁东大蒜)中的Ca、Mg、Zn、Mn、Fe、Cu元素的含量进行测定,方法测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.58%~2.67%(n=6),加标回收率为94.0%~102.5%。实验结果表明,仁东镇大蒜矿物元素与其它大蒜基地的大蒜有较大差别,该基地不同自然村大蒜矿物元素的含量有一定的差别。     

三裂叶蟛蜞菊中氨基酸成分和矿物元素的分析

为更好地开发利用蟛蜞菊这一中草药资源,采用氨基酸分析仪和原子吸收光谱仪测定了游离氨基酸的含量和矿物元素的含量。结果表明,蟛蜞菊中富含多种成分的氨基酸,其中谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸、亮氨酸含量较高,且含有7种人体必需的氨基酸;还含有丰富的钙、镁、铁、锰、锌、铜和硒等矿物元素;蟛蜞菊中高含量的氨基酸成分及矿物元素与其多种生理、药理活性作用密切相关。     

水中矿物元素的ICP-MS分析

用ICP－MS对地下水、地表水和饮用水中的矿物元素进行了分析测定，实验证明用ICP－MS可以同时测定地下水，地表水和饮用水中矿物元素；该法灵敏度、精密度和准确度都能满足有关标准的要求，具有多元素同时分析，样品前处理简单，干扰少，测定快速，省事省力等优点。     

全反射X射线荧光光谱法测定松子仁中16种矿物元素的含量

提出了全反射X射线荧光光谱法测定松子仁中钾、钙、钛、钒、铬、锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌、砷、硒、铷、锶和铅等16种矿物元素的含量。松子仁样品在MWS-2微波消解系统中,于180℃下微波消解50min,以镓为内标物。各元素的检出限在0.003~0.142mg·kg-1之间。应用所提出的方法分析花粉标准物质(GBW 10026),所得测定值与认定值一致。采用本方法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法对松子样品进行测定,结果表明:两者的测定结果无显著性差异,本方法测得各元素的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.8%~4.7%之间。     

汤岗子热矿泥黑粉中16种矿物元素的分析

对汤岗子热矿泥黑粉中16种矿物元素进行分析研究。用微波消解法处理汤岗子热矿泥黑粉样品, 采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法对汤岗子热矿泥黑粉中钠、镁、钾、钙、铁、锌、锰、铜、锗、钼、铬、铝、镍、砷、汞、铅等16种矿物元素进行分析。结果表明, 在优化实验条件下, 方法的检出限为0.00028-14.66 μg/L , 相对标准偏差为0.18%-6.20 %, 回收率为91.5 %～108.2%。为探讨汤岗子热矿泥黑粉对人体的保健作用提供参考。     

鲜魔芋及其种植土壤中矿物元素的ICP-AES法测定

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP－AES）测量了不同产区鲜魔芋球茎及其种植土壤中10种矿物元素的含量，并初步讨论其相关性；采用湿法消化处理样品并考察了不同元素测定的精密度、回收率；测定的相对标准偏差（RSD）均小于2％，回收率为95％－104％，结果可信度高。     

Two new ionone glycosides from the roots of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.

Two new ionone glycosides, named frehmaglutoside G (1) and frehmaglutoside H (2), together with six known compounds, rehmapicroside (3), sec-hydroxyaeginetic acid (4), dihydroxy-β-ionone (5), trihydroxy-β-ionone (6), rehmaionoside A (7) and rehmaionoside C (8), were isolated from the 95% EtOH extract of the dried roots of Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, including HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR (¹H–¹H COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY) methods. The absolute configurations were confirmed via the circular dichroism spectra.     

大孔树脂-高速逆流色谱法分离纯化地黄中毛蕊花糖苷

该文建立了大孔树脂-高速逆流色谱分离中药材地黄中有效成分毛蕊花糖苷的方法。考察了4种大孔树脂对地黄粗提物中毛蕊花糖苷的静态吸附与解吸情况,其中D101大孔树脂对目标成分的吸附率与解吸率最理想,实验结果表明体积分数为10%的乙醇洗脱得到的毛蕊花糖苷含量最高,目标成分含量从4.9%提高到32.6%。最后,部分纯化的样品（165 mg）采用高速逆流色谱进一步纯化,两相溶剂系统由乙酸乙酯-正丁醇-水（1：4：5,v/v/v）组成,分离得到45 mg纯度为96%的毛蕊花糖苷。     

Comparative pharmacokinetics of catalpol and acteoside in normal and chronic kidney disease rats after oral administration of Rehmannia glutinosa extract

In this study, a sensitive and robust ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry method with multiple‐reaction monitoring mode was developed, validated, and applied to determine pharmacokinetics of catalpol and acteoside in normal and doxorubicin‐induced chronic kidney disease rats after oral administration of Rehmannia glutinosa extract. The lower limits of quantification for catalpol and acteoside in rat plasma were 2.62 and 0.61 ng/mL, with a signal‐to‐noise ratio of ≥10. Precision and accuracy studies showed that catalpol and acteoside plasma concentrations were within the 10% range in all studies. The extraction recoveries of catalpol and acteoside were both >68.24% and the matrix effects ranged from 96.59 to 101.62%. The method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of catalpol and acteoside after oral administration of RG extract to normal and model rats, respectively. This study might further support the traditional use of RG to treat kidney diseases clinically. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

豫产桔梗的土壤与药材中部分微量元素含量与分析

为了解桔梗中微量元素含量特征,研究土壤中微量元素对桔梗药材道地性的影响,采用原子吸收光谱法、冷原子荧光法、双道原子荧光法对不同产地的桔梗药材及生境土壤中8种微量元素含量进行了测定,所得数据用SPSS 11.0软件进行分析比较。结果表明,不同产地的桔梗微量元素含量有差异;药材与土壤中微量元素之间具有相关性。桔梗对土壤中微量元素是主动与被动相结合的有选择吸收。     

Comparative pharmacokinetics of acteoside from total glycoside extracted from leaves of Rehmannia and Dihuangye total glycoside capsule in normal and diabetic nephropathy rats

Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch (RG), is officially listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and is widely used in China. In this paper, a sensitive and rapid ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry method including multiple‐reaction monitoring mode was developed and applied to study the pharmacokinetic effect of acteoside from total glycoside extracted from the leaves of Rehmannia (TLR) and Dihuangye total glycoside capsule (DTG) in normal and diabetic nephropathy rats. The diabetic nephropathy rat model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of a small dose of streptozotocin and high‐fat diet and plus 5% glucose drinking water. Samples of plasma of rats were obtained at different times after rats were administered TLR (7.2 g/kg) and DTG (360 mg/kg). After deproteinization by acetonitrile, the concentrations of acteoside in rats at different time points were detected by UPLC‐TQ‐MS method and pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated using DAS 3.2.8 software. A good linearity of acteoside was shown in the range of 8.51–3404.8 ng/m L (r ² = 0.9987). The mean extraction recovery of analyte was in the range of 63.55–79.49%, and the intra‐ and inter‐day RSD values were <8.8%. Compared with the normal group, the maximum plasma concentration, AUC_0–t , AUC_0–∞ and apparent plasma clearance corresponding dose in model group rats decreased significantly. After rats were administered TLR and DTG, the acteoside reached the maximum plasma concentration at about 15 min. The method proved to be simple, rapid and specific, and to be suitable for the determination of acteoside in plasma of diabetic nephropathy rats and pharmacokinetic study.     

怀地黄中微量铁的测定

为探讨邻二氮菲分光光度法测定怀地黄中微量元素铁含量的可行性,根据铁离子与特定显色剂显色产生可见吸收的原理,采用混合酸V(HN03)+V(HClO4)=4+1对怀地黄样品湿法消化处理,在pH2-9的溶液中试剂与铁生成稳定的橙色络合物,并用分光光度法测定了怀地黄中微量元素铁含量.结果表明,怀地黄中铁含量为552.48-56...     

湛江产杨桃叶中6种矿物质元素的测定

用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了湛江产甜、酸杨桃叶中Cu、Zn、Mn、Fe、Mg、Ca元素的含量。结果表明,甜、酸杨桃叶中含有丰富的Ca、Mn、Mg;甜、酸杨桃叶中的6种元素比较,除了Ca,甜杨桃叶中的Mn、Mg、Fe、Zn、Cu含量均高于酸杨桃。实验可为更好的开发和利用杨桃叶资源提供实验数据。     

黄芪中微量元素的形态分析

按照传统煎煮法对中药黄芪中铜、锌、铁、镁、钙和铬6种元素进行提取;用微孔滤膜分离提取液中的可溶态与悬浮态;利用大孔吸附树脂柱对可溶态中的有机态与无机态进行分离;采用火焰原子吸收光谱法对各种形态中的6种元素进行测定。结果显示:黄芪中6种元素的总提取率在44.0%~74.4%,浸留比在79·4%~293.8%,悬浮态颗粒吸附率在10%左右,可溶态中铬的有机态与无机态的比例为114.6%,铜、锌、铁、镁、钙的有机态与无机态的比例在3.7%~43.5%。该法对各元素的加标回收率在96.8%~103.1%;相对标准偏差小于1.5%。