共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Nichols William T. Malyavanatham Gokul Henneke Dale E. O'Brien Daniel T. Becker Michael F. Keto John W. 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2002,4(5):423-432
Silver nanoparticles were produced by laser ablation of a continuously flowing aerosol of microparticles in nitrogen at varying laser fluences. Transmission electron micrographs were analyzed to determine the effect of laser fluence on the nanoparticle size distribution. These distributions exhibited bimodality with a large number of particles in a mode at small sizes (3–6-nm) and a second, less populated mode at larger sizes (11–16-nm). Both modes shifted to larger sizes with increasing laser fluence, with the small size mode shifting by 35% and the larger size mode by 25% over a fluence range of 0.3–4.2-J/cm2. Size histograms for each mode were found to be well represented by log-normal distributions. The distribution of mass displayed a striking shift from the large to the small size mode with increasing laser fluence. These results are discussed in terms of a model of nanoparticle formation from two distinct laser–solid interactions. Initially, laser vaporization of material from the surface leads to condensation of nanoparticles in the ambient gas. Material evaporation occurs until the plasma breakdown threshold of the microparticles is reached, generating a shock wave that propagates through the remaining material. Rapid condensation of the vapor in the low-pressure region occurs behind the traveling shock wave. Measurement of particle size distributions versus gas pressure in the ablation region, as well as, versus microparticle feedstock size confirmed the assignment of the larger size mode to surface-vaporization and the smaller size mode to shock-formed nanoparticles. 相似文献
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Seto Takafumi Kawakami Yuji Suzuki Nobuyasu Hirasawa Makoto Kano Seisuke Aya Nobuhiro Sasaki Shinya Shimura Hirofumi 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2001,3(2-3):185-191
Nanometer-sized particles of silicon and titanium oxide were generated by irradiating solid targets using a nanosecond pulsed-Nd : YAG laser in a low pressure atmosphere. A low pressure differential mobility analyzer (LP-DMA) was used to classify the size of the generated particles. The LP-DMA and electron microscopes (SEM and TEM) were used to measure the change in the size distribution and morphology of the generated particles with laser power density and system pressure. The size distribution of both silicon and titanium oxide ranged from two to one hundred nanometers in diameter depending on the laser power density and pressure. From the high resolution TEM observation and electron diffraction, it was found that the generated titanium oxide nanoparticles were composed of a core of faceted metallic single crystals with an oxide layer 'shell. 相似文献
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LOU Qihong ZHENG Jun DONG Jingxin LI Jing WEI Yunrong HUANG Weimin WANG Youqing AN Chengwu 《Chinese Journal of Lasers》1998,7(3):209-212
SynthesisofNanometerGlasandCrystalParticlesbyExcimerLaserAblationLOUQihongZHENGJunDONGJingxinLIJingWEIYunrongHUANGWeimin(Sha... 相似文献
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在10 Pa的Ar环境气体中,采用脉冲激光烧蚀技术,分别在半径为2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5和4.0 cm的半圆环不同角度处的衬底上制备了一系列含有纳米晶粒的Si晶薄膜。使用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和拉曼光谱仪对其表面形貌和微观结构进行分析表征。结果表明,纳米Si晶粒的平均尺寸和烧蚀粒子的阻尼系数均相对于羽辉轴向呈对称分布,并随着与羽辉轴向夹角的增大而减小;同时,随着衬底半径的增加,晶粒平均尺寸和阻尼系数均逐渐减小。 相似文献
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N. G. Semaltianos 《固体与材料科学评论》2010,35(2):105-124
This review concerns nanoparticles collected in the form of nanopowder or a colloidal solution by laser ablating a solid target that lies in a gaseous or a liquid environment. The paper discusses the advantages of the method as compared with other methods for nanoparticle synthesis, outlines the factors on which the properties of the produced nanoparticles depend, explains the mechanisms and models involved in the generation of nanoparticles by laser ablation, clarifies the differences between nanoparticle generation in gaseous and liquid environments, presents some experimental desigins and equipment used by the several groups for nanoparticle generation by laser ablation, describes the techniques used for “tuning” the width of the nanoparticles size distribution, and finally presents a few interesting examples of nanoparticles generated by laser ablation. 相似文献
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强激光辐照于固体平面靶产生高温、高压等离子体喷射,进而对固体靶产生力学推进效应,这是烧蚀模式激光推进的基本原理。采用针对高温气体(等离子体)电离度的一种近似计算方法,以及具有五阶精度的广义Godunov差分格式-加权本质无振荡格式WENO(Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory Schemes),对强激光烧蚀固体靶产生等离子体喷射推进效应进行数值模拟。计算了固体靶面横向尺寸与激光光斑大小对推进效应影响的耦合关系,以及不同靶面结构烧蚀压力随时间的变化及其推进效应参数变化。数值模拟结果表明,靶面横向尺寸与光斑大小具有最优耦合值;固体靶面增加约束喷管结构对激光推进效应明显增大,并且随着约束喷管位置的不同,对激光推进效应增大的影响也有较大差异。 相似文献
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A pulsed laser-assisted in liquid environment method has been developed successfully to synthesize size-tunable (5–12 nm) and different shapes (sphere, rod, rope) of nano II–VI semiconductor (cadmium sulfide). This method can be carried out in two ways; the first one is the top-down technique, which has been discussed in publications in the last few decades, and the other one is the bottom-up technique, which appears for the first time in this paper. X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy confirm that the nanoparticles are crystalline. The methods lead to the production of nanomaterials, which are important for photonics and biosensing applications. Both synthesized methods can be applied in all materials because of their ability to ablate almost all kinds of materials due to the ultrahigh energy density and control over the growth process by manipulating the process parameters such as intensity, wavelength, and so on. 相似文献
10.
聚四氟乙烯材料表面激光改性与刻蚀 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用波长为248 nm的准分子激光束在不同激光能量密度下照射聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)材料的表面,并用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、拉曼(Raman)光谱等手段对激光处理前后样品的表面形貌、化学成分和结构进行测量和分析,进而对激光与聚四氟乙烯相互作用的机理进行了研究。实验结果表明,激光辐照使聚四氟乙烯表面产生去氟效应,导致表面碳化、分子链的交联以及含氧基团的产生,随着激光能量密度的增加,C=C双键逐渐形成。这些结构的变化可以导致表面硬度和粘结性增强。激光能量密度的大小对照射后样品表面的物理性质和化学结构有着重要的影响,它是聚合物表面激光改性和烧蚀的关键因素。 相似文献
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Nd:YAG激光器切割金刚石膜的特性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用Nd:YAG激光器对金刚石膜进行切割,研究了激光器在不同输出功率下切割金刚石膜的速率和切割深度与时间的关系,以及Nd:YAG激光器切割的金刚石膜在成份和形状上的变化特点,给出了比较理想的切割工艺条件。 相似文献
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ZHANG Duan-Ming FANG Ran-Ran LI Zhi-Hua GUAN Li LI Li TAN Xin-Yu LIU Dan LIU Gao-Bin HU De-Zhi 《理论物理通讯》2007,48(7):163-168
We develop a new synthetical model of high-power pulsed laser ablation, which considers the dynamic absorptance, vaporization, and plasma shielding. And the corresponding heat conduction equations with the initial and boundary conditions are given. The numerical solutions are obtained under the reasonable technical parameter conditions by taking YBa2CusO7 target for example. The space-dependence and time-dependence of temperature in target at a certain laser fluence are presented, then, the transmitted intensity through plasma plume, space-dependence of temperature and ablation rate for different laser fluences are significantly analyzed. As a result, the satisfactorily good agreement between our numerical results and experimental results indicates that the influences of the dynamic absorptance, vaporization, and plasma shielding cannot be neglected. Taking all the three mechanisms above simultaneously into account for the first time, we cause the present model to be more practical. 相似文献
14.
DONG Guoxuan WANG Shiliang DAI Songtao LI Chunming CHEN Dieyan 《Chinese Journal of Lasers》1996,5(6):556-560
AStudyonYttriumContainingFullereneYC_(82)UsingLaserAblationMassSpectroscopy¥DONGGuoxuan;WANGShiliang;DAISongtao;LIChunming;CH... 相似文献
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ZHANG Duan-Ming FANG Ran-Ran LI Zhi-Hua GUAN Li LI Li TAN Xin-Yu LIU Dan LIU Gao-Bin HU De-Zhi 《理论物理通讯》2007,48(1):163-168
We develop a new synthetical model of high-power pulsed laser ablation, which considers the dynamic absorptance, vaporization, and plasma shielding. And the corresponding heat conduction equations with the initial and boundary conditions are given. The numerical
solutions are obtained under the reasonable technical parameter
conditions by taking
YBa2Cu3O7 target for example. The
space-dependence and time-dependence of temperature in target at a certain
laser fluence are presented, then, the transmitted intensity through plasma
plume, space-dependence of temperature and ablation rate for different laser fluences are significantly analyzed. As a result, the satisfactorily good agreement between our numerical results and experimental results indicates that the influences of the dynamic
absorptance, vaporization, and plasma shielding cannot be neglected. Taking all the three mechanisms above simultaneously into account for the first time, we cause the present model to be more practical. 相似文献
16.
通过在不同的环境气压下拍摄脉冲激光烧蚀金属Cu诱导产生的发光羽,获取了不同区域具有不同颜色特征的发光羽照片.结果发现:发光羽的颜色随环境气压的改变而变化.采用空间分辨光谱技术,测定了激光诱导金属Cu靶产生发光羽辐射强度的空间分布,以及不同烧蚀环境气压对发光羽辐射强度的影响.研究了脉冲激光烧蚀Cu表面诱导发光的动力学过程,建立了可能的发光羽分区模型,对发光羽的不同区域发光粒子的激发机理进行了探讨,并用之定性地解释了所观察的实验现象.结果分析表明:脉冲激光诱导Cu产生的发光羽可以分为三个区域,不同区域的发光机理不同,Cu原子和Cu离子的激发机理不完全相同. 相似文献
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Takeshi Kanesue 《辐射效应与固体损伤》2015,170(4):347-354
In Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), we have been developing laser ion sources for diverse accelerators. Tabletop Nd:YAG lasers with up to several Joules of energy are mainly used to create ablation plasmas for stable operations. The obtained charge states depend on laser power density and target species. Two types of ion extraction schemes, direct plasma injection scheme (DPIS) and conventional static extraction, are used depending on the application. We optimized and selected a suitable laser irradiation condition and a beam extraction scheme to meet the requirement of the following accelerator system. We have demonstrated to accelerate more than 5?×?1010 of C6+ ions using the DPIS. We successfully commissioned a low-charge ion beam provider to the user facilities in BNL. To achieve higher current, higher charge state and lower emittance, further studies will continue. 相似文献
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激光烧蚀金属表面产生的发射光谱分析 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
用观测时间和空间分辨发射光谱的方法研究了脉冲激光烧蚀金属铝靶过程中产生的等离子体羽的特性,计算了其膨胀速度,讨论了大气中等离子体点燃的机制。 相似文献
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采用时间与空间分辨的光谱测量技术,测量了在低真空下XeCl紫外激光烧蚀金属Cu诱导产生等离子体发光羽的发射光谱随时间和空间的强度分布,利用快速同步照相的方法获得了发光羽的相片,结果发现发光羽的不同区域有不同的颜色特征。根据实验结果建立了非常可能的激光烧蚀诱导发光的理论模型,认为不同区域的主要发光机理不同,连续辐射背景光来自近靶处高能电子的运动而产生的轫致辐射;原子线的产生来自电子碰撞传能以及电子与离子的复合激发;离子线的产生来自电子与离子碰撞传能激发。此模型不仅能解释单一激发模型所能解释的实验现象,而且还能够很好地解释单一模型所不能解释的实验现象,低真空下紫外激光烧蚀铜诱导发光的机理与常压下相似,在此实验条件下可以更准确地揭示诱导发光的机理。 相似文献
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以两个二极管激光作为光源 ,采用激光烧蚀 双光束二极管激光原子吸收光谱法测定了2 3 5U/ 2 3 8U同位素比。实验对用于样品烧蚀的Nd :YAG激光聚焦点位置进行了优化 ,在同时满足一定原子化程度和较高2 3 5U 6 82 6 736nm信背比的原则下 ,选择了聚焦点位置低于样品表面 0 4cm作为分析条件。测量2 3 5U/ 2 3 8U同位素比的精密度和准确度分别为 5 %和 2 % ,2 3 5U检测限为 18μg·g-1。结果表明 ,双光束检测法能消除激光烧蚀脉冲间信号波动对测量重现性的影响 ,比早先报道的单光束检测法在精密度和准确度上有了很大的改善 相似文献