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用反向调制照明法分析光栅成像效应 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
提出了用反向调制照法明分析光栅成像效应的观点,研究了光栅系统的反向衍射干涉效应,成功地揭示了泰伯效应与劳效应的内在联系,并在白光双光栅衍射干涉的“消色效应”的基础上获得了白光扩展光源照明下白光光栅成像效应和具有实用意义的四光栅干涉系统。 相似文献
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本文提出反向脉冲传递法的光学系统分析方法,并讨论扩展白光照明下的干涉现象,优点是数学分析简单,物理意义明确和能作为一种统一的观点。 借助于反向脉冲传递,本文提出了扩展白光干涉仪的一般性模型,讨论了产生干涉的分束和补偿光学元件必须满足的分束复合条件,导出了干涉强度的一般表达式,结论是像点光场正比于物面反向脉冲响应的平方对物体的积分。同时,还分析了振幅分束,偏振分束和编码栅衍射分束等几种干涉仪。也讨论了白光色散效应。 相似文献
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<正>众所周知,白光是由多种频率的单色光组成的复色光。因此可以利用棱镜的色散原理获得白光的彩色光谱,也可以利用干涉或衍射装置获得白光的彩色光谱。但是还有一种将白光分光的方法,这就是偏振光干涉。更神奇的是只用一块偏振片及若干张透明薄膜就可以产生彩色的图形。下面就介绍一个由本文作者设计的白光照射下实现反射式偏振光干涉的演示仪。1.偏振光干涉原理 相似文献
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部分相干光栅衍射效应和干涉术 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文提出一种新的部分相干照明的光栅衍射干涉仪.先分析了光栅的介于Talbot和Lan效应之间的部分相干衍射效应.部分相干干涉图的特点是条纹由频率成倍的两种光栅状载波所表征.调整光源狭缝,系统在两相干性极端分别转成Talbot和Lau干涉仪.理论分析采用了模糊函数方法.最后给出了实验. 相似文献
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白光再现激光全息照相的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以光的干涉和衍射为基础,讨论白光再现激光全息照相的原理,设计拍摄不同物体白光再现全息图的光路,探索能成功拍出白光再现反射全息图的条件和方法,并通过实验证明其可行性。 相似文献
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光学系统中的光栅衍射自成像现象:广义的Talbot效应 总被引:17,自引:4,他引:13
本文基于菲涅耳-克希霍夫(Fresnel-Kirchhoff)积分推导了在菲涅耳(Fresnel)近似下,光栅在光学系统中的衍射自成像现象:广义的Talbot效应。并把几何成像归结为Talbot成像的一个特殊情况。依据广义Talbot公式,讨论了在平行光、球面波照明时,光栅的衍射自成像特点。最后,用干涉观点解释了光学系统中的衍射自成像现象。 相似文献
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基于国产化的2倍迈克尔逊型干涉物镜组,优选配置0.5倍适配镜,对白光LED照明光源进行带通滤波参数的仿真估算和实验性能比较,构建了整套大视场白光干涉精密测量装置系统并进行了实验测试,通过白光干涉轴向响应实验曲线确定了中心波长。实验结果表明:通过光谱滤波获得了较为理想的白光干涉轴向响应曲线;系统的水平最大视场达到了14 mm;高度为2.04μm和20.43μm的标准台阶样品的测量结果分别为2.05μm和20.47μm,10次测量重复精度(标准差)分别为12 nm和16 nm。对粗糙度样板、微机电系统传感结构和半导体晶圆膜层进行了实测,表明所研制的系统装置在三维光学无损精密检测领域的应用具有可行性。 相似文献
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光源编码的白光散斑剪切干涉计量术 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
本文提出了一种用非相干光源照明进行剪切干涉计量的方法—光源编码的白光散斑剪切干涉计量术.它采用光栅对光源进行编码以提高空间相干性,使物体的两个剪切像的波面部分相干叠加,以实现剪切干涉. 相似文献
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开发了一个获得白光条纹的新实验.把劳埃镜干涉和光栅衍射结合起来,有可能使白光源产生的不同颜色的条纹彼此重合,从而能观察到清晰的黑白条纹.讨论了有关的实验原理、装置和方法,介绍了主要的实验关键并提供了相应的测量数据. 相似文献
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An experimental study has been made of the diffraction efficiency, scattering and stability against printout effect of bleached, photographically recorded two- beam interference gratings using Agfa-Gevaert 10E75 NAH plates. The efficiency is increased by using bleaching processes that convert the silver image into a dielectric image. Plots of the diffraction efficiency and scattering against exposure, and variation of the maximum diffraction efficiency as a function of departure from the Bragg angle, and exposure to white light, for various bleaching processes, are given. A maximum diffraction efficiency of approximately 54% has been achieved by using a potassium iodide and iodine bleach process. 相似文献
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单轴晶光轴干涉图成因的理论分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
借助于数学工具和一种简单的实验装置,用直观的方法,使理论分析和图形相结合,从理论上解释了单轴晶光轴干涉图的成因,并给出了在白光照射下的干涉花样。搭建了实验光路,结果表明:若用单色光照射,干涉图为明暗相间圆环;若用白光照射,则为一个套一个的环状等色曲线。愈向视域边缘,干涉色级数愈高,等色曲线的数目愈多,密度愈大,表示晶体的双折射率愈大。实验结果与理论分析相吻合。 相似文献
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Interferometry is widely used in nano-scale micro-topography measurement. In order to improve its accuracy and sensitivity, a high-sensitivity homodyne interferometry based on white light interference and laser secondary interference was proposed. A high-sensitivity homodyne interferometry system was designed, and the zero point of the laser secondary interference was used to locate the dark striation of white light interference, so that it could reach the maximum slope when optical path difference was zero. The signals of white light and laser were analyzed by using the wave principle and intensity formula of interference fringes, and a sensitivity calculation method based on the combination of white light and laser interference signal was proposed. The system and its sensitivity were simulated. Finally, the optical path was built, and the white light interference fringes were adjusted to the dark striations position, so as to locate the zero position of laser secondary interference and carry out the data acquisition. It is showed that the sensitivity of the measurement method is at least 1 832 times higher than that of the laser secondary interference, and the corresponding measurement uncertainty is only ±0.288 7 mV. The measurement system can effectively solve the problem of large amount of calculation in traditional interferometry, and has high sensitivity, stability and reliability. Copyright ©2022 Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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C.K.Gamini Piyadasa 《Optics Communications》2012,285(24):4878-4883
The paper shows that the boundary diffraction wave originating at an edge is an omnidirectional cylindrical wave. The experimental set-up used to demonstrate this property employs a He-Ne laser beam. The beam is split into three beams using a glass plate. One of the beams passes straight through, the second beam passes through the glass plate and the third beam is the reflected beam. It is shown that the interference patterns are observed in all three beams. Analysis of these patterns shows that the boundary diffraction wave originating from the edge is an omnidirectional cylindrical wave. This analysis also provides strong evidence that the boundary diffraction wave travels not only within the beam where it originates but also to the neighboring coherent beam. The energy re-distribution was also shown to be dependent on the wavelength of the incident light beam and hence provides further evidence as to why longer wave lengths disperse more compared to shorter wavelengths in white light diffraction by an edge. 相似文献
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为了精密检测靶丸壳层厚度及其分布数据,开展了靶丸壳层厚度及其分布的白光反射光谱测量技术研究。介绍了靶丸壳层的白光反射光谱及其光谱数据处理方法(极值法、峰值拟合法、干涉级次校正法等)的基本原理,搭建了基于白光反射光谱的精密回转轴系测量装置;开展了GDP靶丸壳层厚度及其分布的白光反射光谱测量、数据处理和可靠性验证实验,获得了靶丸壳层厚度圆周分布曲线。结果表明,基于峰值拟合法和干涉级次校正的白光反射光谱技术可实现靶丸壳层厚度及其分布的准确测量,其测量误差小于0.1 μm。 相似文献
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在光的干涉实验中只要测出干涉条纹随金属温度变化的个数,进而求出金属长度随温度的变化量,在光的衍射实验中则利用衍射条纹的间距与缝宽之间的关系,通过测量衍射条纹的间距求出温度变化时待测金属的长度变化量,从而计算出待测金属的线胀系数。 相似文献