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1.
By a holomorphic homogeneous symplectic transformation of T*X (for X = ?N), we interchange the conormal bundle T M * X to a higher codimensional submanifold M with the conormal bundle T M * X to a hypersurface M of X. For an analytic disc A “attached” to M we are able to find a section A* ?T*X with π A* = A, attached to T M * X, such that Ã:= πx(A*) is an analytic disc “attached” to M. By this procedure of “transferring” analytic discs, we get the higher codimensional version of our criteria of [5] on holomorphic extension of CR functions (with [5] being on its hand the main tool of the present proof). Thus, let W be a wedge of X with generic edge M and assume that there exists an analytic disc contained in M ∪ W, tangent to M at a boundary point z0∈ ?A, and not contained in M in any neighborhood of z0. Then germs of holomorphic functions on W at z0 extend to a full neighborhood of z0.  相似文献   

2.
We consider p a partial differential operator of order 2 and Rn= ω+ ∪ ?ω ∪ ω? a partition of Rn , such that (p, ω+) admits a strictly diffractive point (in the sense of Friedlander and Melrose). We compute the trace and the trace of the normal derivative on of the solution u of the diffraction problem pu= 0 in ω+ u satisfying a mixed boundary condition on ?ω, ?ω analytic. That is done using the construction by Lebeau of a Gevrey 3 parametrix in the neighborhood of the strictly diffractive point.

This result generalizes, for a mixed boundary condition, the Gevrey 3 propogation result of Lebeau. We use this result to compute the leading term in the shadow region of the diffracted wave outside a strictly convex analytical obstacle with a mixed boundary condition and a given incoming wave.  相似文献   

3.
Conclusions There are many questions, which arise in connection with the theorem presented. In general, we would like to know more about the class of embeddings of a given lattice in the lattices of all equivalences over finite sets. Some of these problems are studied in [4]. In this paper, an embedding is called normal, if it preserves 0 and 1. Using regraphs, our result can be easily improved as follows: THEOREM.For every lattice L, there exists a positive integer n 0,such that for every n≥n 0,there is a normal embedding π: L→Eq(A), where |A|=n. Embedding satisfying special properties are shown in Lemma 3.2 and Basic Lemma 6.2. We hope that our method of regraph powers will produce other interesting results. There is also a question about the effectiveness of finding an embedding of a given lattice. In particular, the proof presented here cannot be directly used to solve the following. Problem. Can the dual of Eq(4) be embedded into Eq(21000)? Presented by G. Gr?tzer.  相似文献   

4.
We discuss the interplay between lagrangian distributions and connections in (generalized) symplectic geometry, beginning with the traditional case of symplectic manifolds and then passing to the more general context of poly- and multisymplectic structures on fiber bundles, which is relevant for the covariant hamiltonian formulation of classical field theory. In particular, we generalize Weinstein?s tubular neighborhood theorem for symplectic manifolds carrying a (simple) lagrangian foliation to this situation. In all cases, the Bott connection, or an appropriately extended version thereof, plays a central role.  相似文献   

5.
We develop the Hutchinson-Barnsley theory for finite families of mappings on a metric space endowed with a directed graph. In particular, our results subsume a classical theorem of J.E. Hutchinson [J.E. Hutchinson, Fractals and self-similarity, Indiana Univ. Math. J. 30 (1981) 713-747] on the existence of an invariant set for an iterated function system of Banach contractions, and a theorem of L. Máté [L. Máté, The Hutchinson-Barnsley theory for certain non-contraction mappings, Period. Math. Hungar. 27 (1993) 21-33] concerning finite families of locally uniformly contractions introduced by Edelstein. Also, they generalize recent fixed point theorems of A.C.M. Ran and M.C.B. Reurings [A.C.M. Ran, M.C.B. Reurings, A fixed point theorem in partially ordered sets and some applications to matrix equations, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 132 (2004) 1435-1443], J.J. Nieto and R. Rodríguez-López [J.J. Nieto, R. Rodríguez-López, Contractive mapping theorems in partially ordered sets and applications to ordinary differential equations, Order 22 (2005) 223-239; J.J. Nieto, R. Rodríguez-López, Existence and uniqueness of fixed point in partially ordered sets and applications to ordinary differential equations, Acta Math. Sin. (Engl. Ser.) 23 (2007) 2205-2212], and A. Petru?el and I.A. Rus [A. Petru?el, I.A. Rus, Fixed point theorems in ordered L-spaces, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 134 (2006) 411-418] for contractive mappings on an ordered metric space. As an application, we obtain a theorem on the convergence of infinite products of linear operators on an arbitrary Banach space. This result yields new generalizations of the Kelisky-Rivlin theorem on iterates of the Bernstein operators on the space C[0,1] as well as its extensions given recently by H. Oruç and N. Tuncer [H. Oruç, N. Tuncer, On the convergence and iterates of q-Bernstein polynomials, J. Approx. Theory 117 (2002) 301-313], and H. Gonska and P. Pi?ul [H. Gonska, P. Pi?ul, Remarks on an article of J.P. King, Comment. Math. Univ. Carolin. 46 (2005) 645-652].  相似文献   

6.
Given a symplectic manifold (M, ω) and a function H : M → R, we construct an action functional A on paths in M with values in a torus Tk. We then show that a path is a solution of Hamilton's equations if and only if it is a critical point for A.  相似文献   

7.
Let X be a complex analytic manifold. Consider S?M?Xreal analytic submonifolds with codium R MS=1,and let ω be a connected component of M\S. Let p∈S XMTM *X where T* Xdenotes the conormal bundle to M in X, and denote by ν(p) the complex radial Euler field at p. Denote by μ*(Ox) (for * = M, ω) the microlocalization of the sheaf of holomorphic functions along *.

Under the assumption dimR(TpTM *X? ν(p)) = 1, a theorem of vanishing for the cohomology groups HjμM(Ox)p is proved in [K-S 1, Prop. 11.3.1], j being related to the number of positive and negative eigenvalue for the Levi form of M.

Under the hypothesis dimR(TpTS *X∩ν(p))=1, a similar result is proved here for the cohomology groups of the complex of microfunctions at the boundary μω(Ox).Stating this result in terms of regularity at the boundary for CR–hyperfunctions a local Bochner–type theorem is then obtained.  相似文献   

8.
The purpose of this article is to characterize symplectic and Hamiltonian circle actions on symplectic manifolds in terms of symplectic embeddings of Riemann surfaces.More precisely, it is shown that(1) if(M, ω) admits a Hamiltonian S~1-action, then there exists a two-sphere S in M with positive symplectic area satisfying c1(M, ω), [S] 0,and(2) if the action is non-Hamiltonian, then there exists an S~1-invariant symplectic2-torus T in(M, ω) such that c1(M, ω), [T] = 0. As applications, the authors give a very simple proof of the following well-known theorem which was proved by Atiyah-Bott,Lupton-Oprea, and Ono: Suppose that(M, ω) is a smooth closed symplectic manifold satisfying c1(M, ω) = λ· [ω] for some λ∈ R and G is a compact connected Lie group acting effectively on M preserving ω. Then(1) if λ 0, then G must be trivial,(2) if λ = 0, then the G-action is non-Hamiltonian, and(3) if λ 0, then the G-action is Hamiltonian.  相似文献   

9.
A group action H on X is called ??telescopic?? if for any finitely presented group G, there exists a subgroup H?? in H such that G is isomorphic to the fundamental group of X/H??. We construct examples of telescopic actions on some CAT[?C1] spaces, in particular on 3 and 4-dimensional hyperbolic spaces. As applications we give new proofs of the following statements: (1) Aitchison??s theorem: Every finitely presented group G can appear as the fundamental group of M/J, where M is a compact 3-manifold and J is an involution which has only isolated fixed points; (2) Taubes?? theorem: Every finitely presented group G can appear as the fundamental group of a compact complex 3-manifold.  相似文献   

10.
The reflexivity, the (semi-)ordinariness, the dimension of dual varieties and the structure of Gauss maps are discussed for Segre varieties, where a Segre variety is the image of the product of two or more projective spaces under Segre embedding. A generalization is given to a theorem of A. Hefez and A. Thorup on Segre varieties of two projective spaces. In particular, a new proof is given to a theorem of F. Knop, G. Menzel, I. M. Gelfand, M.M. Kapranov and A. V. Zelevinsky that states a necessary and sufficient condition for Segre varieties to have codimension one duals. On the other hand, a negative answer is given to a problem raised by S. Kleiman and R. Piene as follows: For a projective variety of dimension at least two, do the Gauss map and the natural projection from the conormal variety to the dual variety have the same inseparable degree?  相似文献   

11.
We find the spectrum and prove a theorem on the expansion of an arbitrary function satisfying certain smoothness conditions in terms of the root functions of a boundary value problem of the type ?y″+q(x)+a/x2y=λy, y(0)=0, M(λ) y(a)+N(λ) y(b)=0, where 0相似文献   

12.
In 1968 S.M. Ulam proposed the problem: “When is it true that by changing a little the hypotheses of a theorem one can still assert that the thesis of the theorem remains true or approximately true?” In 1978 P.M. Gruber proposed the Ulam type problem: “Suppose a mathematical object satisfies a certain property approximately. Is it then possible to approximate this object by objects, satisfying the property exactly?” In this paper we solve the generalized Ulam stability problem for non-linear Euler-Lagrange quadratic mappings satisfying approximately a mean equation and an Euler-Lagrange type functional equations in quasi-Banach spaces and p-Banach spaces.  相似文献   

13.
In this paper we prove an analog of the Luzin theorem on correction for spaces of the Sobolev type on an arbitrary metric space with a measure, satisfying the doubling condition. The correcting function belongs to the H?lder class and approximates a given function in the metrics of the initial space. Dimensions of exceptional sets are evaluated in terms of Hausdorff capacities and volumes. Original Russian Text ? V.G. Krotov and M.A. Prokhorovich, 2008, published in Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Matematika, 2008, No. 5, pp. 55–66. Dedicated to the memory of Petr Lavrent’evich Ul’yanov  相似文献   

14.
In a recent monograph (cf. No. 293 of the Memoirs of the Amer. Math. Soc. 47 (1984)) DeVore and Sharpley study maximal functions of integral type and their related smoothness spaces. One of their central results gives an embedding theorem for the smoothness spaces in terms of Besov spaces. In this paper we consider the related problem when the Besov spaces are substituted by the so-called A-spaces introduced by Popov (take the τ-modulus instead of the ω-modulus). We will define Lipschitz-type maximal functions whose smoothness spaces satisfy a corresponding embedding theorem in terms of A-spaces. By well-known results new insights can only be expected for functions satisfying low order smoothness conditions and, therefore, only function spaces generated by first order differences are considered.  相似文献   

15.
We construct an analog of the classical theta function on an abelian variety for the closed 4-dimensional symplectic manifolds that are T 2-bundles over T 2 with the zero Euler class. We use our theta functions for a canonical symplectic embedding of these manifolds into complex projective spaces (an analog of the Lefschetz theorem).  相似文献   

16.
In this paper we prove that the moduli spaces of framed vector bundles over a surface X, satisfying certain conditions, admit a family of Poisson structures parametrized by the global sections of a certain line bundle on X. This generalizes to the case of framed vector bundles previous results obtained in [B2] for the moduli space of vector bundles over a Poisson surface. As a corollary of this result we prove that the moduli spaces of framed SU(r) – instantons on S4 = ℝ4 ∪ {∞} admit a natural holomorphic symplectic structure.  相似文献   

17.
We investigate the relation between Hall’s theorem and K?nig’s theorem in graphs and hypergraphs. In particular, we characterize the graphs satisfying a deficiency version of Hall’s theorem, thereby showing that this class strictly contains all K?nig–Egerváry graphs. Furthermore, we give a generalization of Hall’s theorem to normal hypergraphs.  相似文献   

18.
This article concerns cotangent-lifted Lie group actions; our goal is to find local and “semi-global” normal forms for these and associated structures. Our main result is a constructive cotangent bundle slice theorem that extends the Hamiltonian slice theorem of Marle [C.-M. Marle, Modèle d'action hamiltonienne d'un groupe de Lie sur une variété symplectique, Rendiconti del Seminario Matematico, Università e Politecnico, Torino 43 (2) (1985) 227-251] and Guillemin and Sternberg [V. Guillemin, S. Sternberg, A normal form for the moment map, in: S. Sternberg (Ed.), Differential Geometric Methods in Mathematical Physics, in: Mathematical Physics Studies, vol. 6, D. Reidel, 1984]. The result applies to all proper cotangent-lifted actions, around points with fully-isotropic momentum values.We also present a “tangent-level” commuting reduction result and use it to characterise the symplectic normal space of any cotangent-lifted action. In two special cases, we arrive at splittings of the symplectic normal space. One of these cases is when the configuration isotropy group is contained in the momentum isotropy group; in this case, our splitting generalises that given for free actions by Montgomery et al. [R. Montgomery, J.E. Marsden, T.S. Ratiu, Gauged Lie-Poisson structures, Cont. Math. AMS 128 (1984) 101-114]. The other case includes all relative equilibria of simple mechanical systems. In both of these special cases, the new splitting leads to a refinement of the so-called reconstruction equations or bundle equations [J.-P. Ortega, Symmetry, reduction, and stability in Hamiltonian systems, PhD thesis, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1998; J.-P. Ortega, T.S. Ratiu, A symplectic slice theorem, Lett. Math. Phys. 59 (1) (2002) 81-93; M. Roberts, C. Wulff, J.S.W. Lamb, Hamiltonian systems near relative equilibria, J. Differential Equations 179 (2) (2002) 562-604]. We also note cotangent-bundle-specific local normal forms for symplectic reduced spaces.  相似文献   

19.
This paper concerns a system of nonlinear wave equations describing the vibrations of a 3-dimensional network of elastic strings.The authors derive the equations and appropriate nodal conditions,determine equilibrium solutions,and,by using the methods of quasilinear hyperbolic systems,prove that for tree networks the natural initial,boundary value problem has classical solutions existing in neighborhoods of the "stretched" equilibrium solutions.Then the local controllability of such networks near such equilibrium configurations in a certain specified time interval is proved.Finally,it is proved that,given two different equilibrium states satisfying certain conditions,it is possible to control the network from states in a small enough neighborhood of one equilibrium to any state in a suitable neighborhood of the second equilibrium over a suffciently large time interval.  相似文献   

20.
Let Wm be an open, connected, m-dimensional PL manifold with a single end, denoted by ∞. In this setting, the concept of a pseudo spine is defined and several theorems are stated relating it to the concept of a spine for W. It is shown that the existence of a pseudo- spine for W is related to the homotopy properties of a neighborhood system of the end ∞. Using the concept of a pseudo spine, an embedding theorem in the metastable range for open manifolds is stated which generalizes an analogous but stronger embedding theorem for compact manifolds. An unknotting result for open manifolds is also given.  相似文献   

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