混合自旋(S=1,1/2)模型具有再次近邻反铁磁相互作用晶格基态

本文发展文献[1]的方法到两种不同自旋的原子(S_a=1,S_b=1/2)构成的晶格中,计算了简单立方晶格在具有再次近邻反铁磁相互作用下在外磁场中的基态自旋结构、能量和相界。从文中给出的相图可知:这种晶格有两种反铁磁自旋结构,有四种亚铁磁自旋结构。 关键词：     

Ising自旋（s=1）周期超晶格反铁磁基态

本文推广文献 的方法到周期为L(偶数)的超晶格中,在只考虑近邻相互作用下,计算了Ising自旋(s=1)超格子在外磁场中的基态能量、相界,给出了几种典型情况下的零温相图。     

超冷单原子分子阵列

用光镊形成光阱囚禁单个原子、用激光将单个原子冷却到基态形成超冷原子、将超冷原子相干合成单个超冷分子、将单原子分子重排串成丰富多样的超冷单原子分子阵列,这就构成了精密相干可控的多粒子量子系统,为多种前沿科学研究与技术发展提供难得的量子平台.文章介绍近年来在单原子量子态高保真操控、异核原子量子纠缠、原子一分子耦合态相干控制...     

三维光学晶格中铯原子的装载与冷却

建立了四光束的三维光学晶格势场,在铯原子磁光阱和光学粘团的基础上实现了红失谐三维光学晶格中冷原子的装载.借助于短程飞行时间吸收谱测量冷原子温度,通过改变光学晶格的总光强和频率失谐等条件,对光学晶格中铯原子的亚多普勒冷却以及光学晶格中冷原子的寿命进行了研究. 关键词： 光学晶格 磁光阱 光学粘团 冷原子     

两模光机械系统中超冷原子的量子相变

Dicke模型(DM)用于描述单模玻色光场与多个全同二能级原子相互作用。本文利用自旋相干态变分法得到两模光机械系统中基态能量的精确解,并通过变分法求得相变点并画出基态相图,并在此基础上研究原子-场耦合强度等系统参数对基态稳定性的影响。通过稳定性讨论,我们发现:原子-光子耦合常数g和光子-声子耦合常量ζ都会对光机械系统的基态特性产生影响。当双模光腔变成单模光腔时,机械振子能诱导超辐射相的塌缩;而且当光子-声子耦合强度大时,超辐射相被完全压制,而直接出现两原子能级之间的转移;存在不稳定的非零光子态,类似于超辐射态。光机械腔中光子-声子耦合诱导的超辐射态的塌缩和复苏是不同于光腔内囚禁的BEC系统,即机械振子不存在时的情况,而双模光腔对量子相变点和相图预期也会有影响。可见,分析机械振子的对多稳性和相关的量子相变的影响是非常有意义的课题。     

LiFeAs超导体中磁性与声子软化

运用第一性原理密度泛函理论研究了铁基超导体LiFeAs的电子结构和声子谱.计算得到的LiFeAs基态具有涨落的条型反铁磁构型.通过比较LiFeAs在非磁态与条形反铁磁态下的声子态密度,发现,LiFeAs中各向异性自旋互作用的竞争产生了不稳定的自旋密度波和部分晶格位置弛豫,导致Fe和As原子振动模式的软化,从而提高电声子耦合强度.因此,自旋-声子互作用对非常规超导电性有重要贡献. 关键词： 铁基超导体 反铁磁序 超导电性 电声子耦合     

超冷原子陷阱中的精确光谱学

超冷原子陷阱中的精确光谱学￥中国科学院物理研究所＠徐积仁超冷原子陷阱中的精确光谱学当用磁场及激光冷却原子使其温度小于ｍＫ量级时，原子被捕获于冷阱中，这时原子的热运动速度已接近为零．在另一束激光作用下，彼此相撞的原子可以结合成分子，这种由光作用形成的分子，称...     

关于金属磁性超晶格的基态

在对称破缺Hartree近似下讨论了由Hubbard模型描述的金属超晶格。研究了由磁性金属层和非磁金属层组成的超晶格基态的反铁磁性。     

四种材料超晶格的价带自旋劈裂的研究

自从Esaki和Tau[1]发现量子阱和超晶格以来,人们已对由两种材料构成的量子阱及超晶格的能带结构进行了大量的研究.陈维友等人[2]已研究了三种材料构成的超晶格的能带结构.本文将利用文献[2]报道的计算方法,对由四种材料构成的超晶格价带自旋劈裂的变化规律进行研究.     

中心对称的阻挫磁体中斯格明子直径的调节

在带有垂直各向异性的二维三角晶格磁体中,当同时存在最近邻铁磁性和第三近邻反铁磁性交换作用时,垂直于膜面施加外磁场会使体系内自旋沿着非共面的方向排列,甚至出现拓扑稳定的斯格明子自旋结构.基于蒙特卡罗模拟方法,本文研究了在该二维阻挫磁体中,竞争性交换作用和外磁场对斯格明子直径的影响.与常规非中心对称的手性磁体中的斯格明子性质类似,外磁场会磁化斯格明子外围自旋而减小斯格明子直径.但是,磁体中反铁磁性交换作用的增强会整体压缩斯格明子.本文结合自旋波理论和蒙特卡罗模拟,首次量化了此类阻挫磁体中斯格明子的直径.结果表明:在弱的反铁磁性交换作用磁体中,斯格明子直径随磁场增大而快速线性减小;随着反铁磁性交换作用的增大,斯格明子直径随外磁场增大的减小变得相对平缓,但在强磁场下也会造成斯格明子直径的加速减小;随着反铁磁性交换作用的增强,斯格明子在不同外磁场下的直径的最大值和中值均从逐渐减小到渐趋稳定,而直径的最小值则从快速减小到表现出很大的涨落.这些现象都可以通过分析斯格明子在不同交换作用和外磁场下的构型和磁能变化加以解释.该项工作阐明了在中心对称的阻挫磁体中斯格明子直径的可调节性,不仅完善了我们对斯格明子本身物理机理的认识,同时也为发展基于斯格明子的新一代存储和逻辑器件提供了理论支撑.     

Ground States of Ultracold Spin-1 Atoms in a Deep Double-Well Optical Superlattice in a Weak Magnetic Field

The ground states of the ultracold spin-1 atoms trapped in a deep one-dimensional double-well optical superlattice in a weak magnetic field are obtained. It is shown that the ground-state diagrams of the reduced double- well model are remarkably different for the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic condensates. The transition between the singlet state and nematic state is observed for the antiferromagnetic interaction atoms, which can be realized by modulating the tunneling parameter or the quadratic Zeeman energy. An experiment to distinguish the different spin states is suggested.     

One-dimensional δ-function attractive Fermi gas in an external magnetic field

We investigate the ground-state properties of a one-dimensional spin-1/2 fermionic atoms interacting through the attractive δ-function potential in an external magnetic field. By the thermal Bethe ansatz method, the integral equations for the dressed energies are formulated. Those integral equations at zero-temperature are solved in the power series forms of rapidity and momentum for both strong and weak coupling cases. The magnetization as a function of the coupling constant and the external field is also obtained explicitly. Based on the analytic results, quantum phase transitions are identified among three phases, an unpolarized fully paired state, a fully polarized normal ferromagnetic state and a mixed state of paired and unpaired atoms.     

Spontaneous distortion in the spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg model on decorated planar lattices with a magnetoelastic coupling

Magnetoelastic properties of the spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg model on doubly decorated planar lattices partially amenable to lattice vibrations are examined within the framework of the harmonic approximation and decoration-iteration transformation. It is shown that the magnetoelastic coupling may lead to a spontaneous distortion of the vibrating decorating atoms and the mutual interplay between quantum spin fluctuations and local lattice deformations enhances typical quantum features like the quantum reduction of the magnetization in the ground state of the quantum antiferromagnetic phase, while it does not affect the ground-state behaviour of the classical ferromagnetic phase. It also turns out that the spontaneous distortion is responsible for a much more pronounced reduction of the critical temperature in the quantum antiferromagnetic phase than in the classical ferromagnetic phase.     

Quantum phase transitions of spin chiral nanotubes

Recently many interesting magnetic nanostructures have been fabricated and much attention is arising on the rich magnetic properties that originate in the quantum effects eminent in the nanoscale world. One of the peculiar aspects of the quantum effects is the spin excitation gap. In the spin-1/2 low-dimensional systems, the spin gap often appears when the lattice dimerization or the frustration in the spin–spin interaction are introduced. In the present study, we investigate the ground-state property of the spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic spin chiral nanotubes with the spatial modulation in the spin–spin interaction. The ground-state phase diagrams of them are determined by observing the behavior of the expectation value of the Lieb–Schultz–Mattis slow-twist operator calculated by the quantum Monte Carlo method with the continuous-time loop algorithm. We discuss the relation between the characteristic of the topology of the phase diagram and the chiral vector of the nanotubes.     

Spin-1/2 Ising model on a AFM/FM two-layer Bethe lattice in a staggered magnetic field

A bilayer spin-1/2 Ising model consisting of two superposed Bethe lattices with antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic interactions is studied by the use of exact recursion relations in a pairwise approach in the presence of an external staggered magnetic field. Besides the ground state phase diagrams calculated in different possible planes of the model parameters space, the thermal variations of the order-parameters and the free energy are investigated to obtain the temperature-dependent phase diagrams of the model for different values of the coordination numbers q. Our calculations reveal that depending on the strength of the model parameters, the model exhibits a variety of interesting phase transitions and therefore phase diagrams.     

Ground states, solitons and spin textures in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates

We present an overview of our recent theoretical studies on the quantum phenomena of the spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates, including the phase diagram, soliton solutions and the formation of the topological spin textures. A brief exploration of the effects of spin-orbit coupling on the ground-state properties is given. We put forward proposals by using the transmission spectra of an optical cavity to probe the quantum ground states: the ferromagnetic and polar phases. Quasi-one-dimension solitons and ring dark solitons are studied. It is predicted that characteristics of the magnetic solitons in optical lattice can be tuned by controlling the long-range light-induced and static magnetic dipoledipole interactions; solutions of single-component magnetic and single-, two-, three-components polar solitons are found; ring dark solitons in spin-1 condensates are predicted to live longer lifetimes than that in their scalar counterparts. In the formation of spin textures, we have considered the theoretical model of a rapidly quenched and fast rotating trapped spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate, whose dynamics can be studied by solving the stochastic projected Gross-Pitaevskii equations. Spontaneous generation of nontrivial topological defects, such as the hexagonal lattice skyrmions and square lattice of half-quantized vortices was predicted. In particular, crystallization of merons (half skyrmions) can be generated in the presence of spin-orbit coupling.     

Effective-medium approach for surface-localized magnetic polaritons in magnetic (ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic) superlattices

The general effective-medium dispersion relations are derived for surface-localized magnetic polaritons which propagate parallel to the surface between a superlattice and semi-infinite bulk material, as applied to ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic superlattices, in the situation when a static magnetic field is applied in the plane of the layers and parallel to the magnetization. The dependence of the energy of the surface waves on the volume fraction of the ferromagnetic superlattice component and the influence of the external magnetic field on the spectrum of the surface magnetic polaritons for the antiferromagnetic superlattice are investigated. The spectrum of the surface-localized magnetic polaritons which appear at the junction of the magnetic (ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic) superlattice with the magnetic material are more complex, in contrast to the cases of semi-infinite magnetic material or semi-infinite magnetic SL. It is essential that in all cases in the presence of the external magnetic field the spectrum of the magnetic polaritons are non-reciprocal. The properties of surface polaritons are discussed in detail for the system ferromagnetic superlattice (YIG/non magnet)/YAG and the antiferromagnetic superlattice (MnF₂/ZnF₂)/FeF₂.     

Thermal quantum correlations of a spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg diamond chain with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

We investigate the properties of thermal quantum correlations in an infinite spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg diamond chain with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya(DM) interaction. The thermal quantum discord(TQD) and the thermal entanglement(TE)are discussed as two kinds of important methods to measure the quantum correlation, respectively. It is found that DM interaction plays an important role in the thermal quantum correlations of the system. It can enhance the thermal quantum correlations by increasing DM interaction. Furthermore, the thermal quantum correlations can be promoted by tuning the external magnetic field and the Heisenberg coupling parameter in the antiferromagnetic system. It is shown that the behaviors of TQD differ from those of TE. TQD is more robust against decoherence than TE. For the measurement of TQD, the "regrowth" phenomenon occurs in the ferromagnetic system. We also find that the anisotropy favors the thermal quantum correlations of the system with weak DM interaction.     

Four-Electron Systems in a Coupled Double-Layer Quantum Dots

Making use of the method of few-body physics, the energy spectrum of a four-electron system consisting in a vertically coupled double-layer quantum dot as a function of the strength ofa magnetic field is investigated. Discontinuous ground-state transitions induced by an external magnetic field are shown. We find that, in the strong coupling case, the ground-state transitions depend not only on the external magnetic field B but also on the distance d between double-layer quantum dots. However, in the case of weak coupling, the ground-state transitions occur in the new sequence of the values of the magic angular momentum. Hence, the interlayer separation d and electron-electron interaction strongly affect the ground state of the coupled quantum dots.     

Magnetization and magnetic susceptibility of the Ising ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic superlattice

A linear cluster mean-field approximation is used to study the magnetic properties of the Ising ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic superlattice, which is composed of a spin-1/2 ferromagnetic monolayer and a spin-1 antiferromagnetic monolayer with a single-ion anisotropy alternatively. By using the transfer matrix method, we calculate the magnetization and the initial magnetic susceptibility as functions of temperature for different interlayer coupling, single-ion anisotropy. We summarize the changing behaviors of the spin structure in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic layers and the characteristics of the corresponding magnetic susceptibilities, give the transition temperature as a function of the interlayer exchange coupling for different single-ion anisotropy, and analyze the features of the magnetization and the magnetic susceptibility.