周期性起伏四层磁性薄膜的克尔效应

结合干涉光刻和磁控溅射制备了一维周期性起伏的磁性多层薄膜。利用扫描探针显微镜对样品的微结构进行表征,利用椭偏仪和磁光测量系统对样品的光学性能参数和磁光克尔效应进行测试和研究。实验结果发现,磁性多层薄膜磁光性能得到极大的提升,磁光增强的克尔谱峰值与条带的宽度、中间层二氧化铪层的厚度有关;利用介质层的厚度可调制复合薄膜的磁光特性。进一步研究发现横克尔效应的增强现象。理论计算的结果证实,磁光增强源于光学腔干涉共振和磁等离激元的耦合效应。     

金属-介质-金属纳米天线阵列的模式特性及荧光发射调控

设计一种支持多模式的金属-介质-金属纳米天线阵列结构,分析结构中的模式特性及其调控的发光过程。利用时域有限差分的方法模拟该结构的透射谱和电场分布,分析结构中局域表面等离激元模式和磁等离激元共振模式的特性以及激发光偏振调控的模式变化。将偶极子光源放在介质层中,模拟该天线阵列结构调控荧光分子的发光过程。结果表明:荧光分子的辐射和非辐射衰减速率增强因子、量子效率以及偏振特性受到了所提结构模式的有效调控;在一定波长范围内改变激发光的偏振方向可以对发光谱进行调谐。     

光激发作用下分子与多金属纳米粒子间的电荷转移研究

金属纳米粒子在光激发作用下的增强作用是纳米科学领域的一个研究热点. 针对分子和多个不同位形下的金属纳米粒子在光激发下的相互作用展开了理论研究. 应用密度矩阵理论描述分子和金属纳米粒子同时激发产生表面等离激元后的电荷输运过程. 研究发现, 表面等离激元增强效应与分子和各个金属纳米粒子的相对位置有密切关系. 详细分析了金属纳米粒子间的耦合强度、分子和金属纳米粒子间的耦合强度、表面等离激元能级杂化、分子激发能和外场频率对表面等离激元增强效应的影响.     

表面增强光学力与光操纵研究进展

金属纳米结构在光激发下产生的表面等离激元,可导致亚波长光场局域、近场增强等效应,在表面增强光谱、超灵敏传感、微流控芯片、光学力等方面有重要的应用.对于光学力而言,首先,由于表面等离激元共振及其导致的电场增强对于入射波长、几何结构等具有较强的依赖性,而光学力又与电场分布密切相关,所以可利用光镊(会聚光束)来操纵或筛选金属纳米颗粒;其次,入射光激发金属纳米颗粒聚集体后,在间隙形成的较大的近场增强和梯度,也可看作一种"等离激元镊",用于操纵其他颗粒;最后,当入射光的偏振改变甚至为新型光束的情况下,光学操纵将具有更高的自由度.本文首先简要介绍了表面等离激元增强光学力的计算;之后围绕光镊作用于等离激元金属纳米颗粒,等离激元镊作用于其他颗粒,与偏振、新型光场或手性结构相关的等离激元光学力这三个方面,综述了近年来表面等离激元金属纳米颗粒光学力和光操纵的一些新进展;最后提出了表面增强光学力与光操纵的若干研究趋势.     

等离激元增强的石墨烯光吸收

石墨烯中等离激元具有特殊的光电性质,其和入射光的强烈耦合可以引起光吸收的增强.本文基于时域有限差分法和多体自洽场理论研究了等离激元对处于光学谐振腔中的石墨烯光吸收的影响.由于石墨烯中等离激元与入射光动量和能量不匹配而不能直接相互作用,因此石墨烯上施加了金属光栅结构.研究发现光栅结构能够对入射光进行动量补偿并且能够引起其下石墨烯中的电场强度产生很大程度增强,从而导致在该石墨烯结构中太赫兹等离激元和入射光发生强烈耦合而产生太赫兹等离极化激元,同时引起石墨烯光吸收的增强.希望本文能够加深对石墨烯光电特性的理解以及可以为基于石墨烯的太赫兹光电装置提供一定的理论依据.     

表面等离激元增强型光电探测器研究进展

光电探测器可以实现光信号到电信号的转换,在工业、军事、医疗等领域已展现出巨大的应用价值。但是,传统的平直型光电探测器捕获线光的能力较弱,一定程度上限制了响应率等性能指标的进一步提高。而基于贵金属纳米结构的表面等离激元共振可以急剧增强近场区域的(纳米尺度)电场强度和对线光的捕获能力,大幅度地提高光电探测器性能。本文首先介绍了表面等离激元的基本原理。随后,详细介绍了金属纳米颗粒、金属光栅等不同结构的表面等离激元增强型光电探测器研究进展。最后,总结全文并针对表面等离激元增强型光电探测器的发展前景做出了展望。     

基于超表面的Tamm等离激元与激子的强耦合作用

本文研究了由超表面-介质间隔层-分布式布拉格反射器(distributed Bragg reflector, DBR)构成的等离激元微腔结构中的Tamm等离激元及其与激子间的相互作用.利用超表面中的结构参数变化能够调控光在其表面的反射位相这一特性,可以在微腔结构的介质间隔层厚度保持不变时,通过调节超表面的结构参数来调控微腔结构所支持的Tamm等离激元模式的共振位置,从而为Tamm等离激元模式的调控提供更多自由度.相比于传统金属薄膜-介质间隔层-DBR结构,我们发现超表面的引入及其对反射位相的调控可以使超表面-介质间隔层-DBR结构在更小的间隔层厚度下支持共振在相同波长处的Tamm等离激元模式.此外,结合超表面对场的局域特性,可以有效地降低Tamm等离激元模式体积.在此基础上,对比研究了传统的和基于超表面的Tamm等离激元与单层二硫化钨(WS2)的相互作用,发现基于超表面的Tamm等离激元可以产生更强的光子与激子的强耦合作用,获得更大的拉比(Rabi)劈裂.     

平面金属等离激元美特材料对光学Tamm态及相关激射行为的增强作用

本文对具有类EIR色散特性的平面金属等离激元美特材料(planar plasmonic metamaterials, PPM)对光学Tamm态及相关激射行为的增强作用进行了研究. 我们首先运用传输矩阵方法分析了利用PPM结构的色散来增强光学Tamm态对应模式电磁局域密度的可能性. 其次, 我们将具有类EIR特性的PPM与一维光子晶体(photonic crystal, PC)合在一起设计了一种平面等离激元美特材料-光子晶体(PPM-PC)异质结构. 研究发现, 通过在电磁局域密度最高的PPM结构中(或附近)加入增益介质, 可观察到比通常光学Tamm态更强的激射增强效应及更明显的单色性响应. 这些特性使得这种PPM-PC结构有望被应用于低阈值激光器、荧光增强等方面.     

金属表面等离激元耦合理论研究进展

金属表面等离激元作为一种微纳米结构中自由电子在光场作用下的集体振荡效应,由于其振荡电场被强烈地束缚在亚波长尺度范围内,可以作为未来微纳米光子回路及器件的信息载体,同时也可以在微纳米尺度上增强光与物质的相互作用.本文首先系统地从理论上总结金属与入射电磁波相互作用时的光学行为及性质,然后简述激发金属中不同等离激元模式的物理本质、金属表面等离激元振荡动力学过程及当前表面等离激元耦合理论的最新进展.     

基模磁激元诱导的多带完美吸收

本文提出一种方向不敏感多带吸收的新结构,即结合光学声子色散材料及无色散介电材料,将其作为单一尺寸金属/介质/金属微光栅的介质分离层。在红外大气窗口波段激发了基模磁激元谐振因此导致多频带吸收。基于有限元方法求解了混合结构的吸收率及电磁场分布,并研究了入射角及结构参数的变化对多峰值吸收的影响。考虑到磁激元的本质是由金属光栅下表面与金属基底上表面诱导出反向电流震荡引起,多层介质膜起到介电隔离层的作用。对多层介质膜进行等效介质理论近似,并通过等效LC电路预测和分析了基模磁激元谐振频点。本文所提出的多带吸收机理在红外探测、辐射制冷领等域具有应用前景。     

Tunability and linewidth sharpening of plasmon resonances on a periodic gold nanowire array coupled to a thin textured silver film

We theoretically study the plasmon mode spectrum of a multilayer structure consisting of a periodic gold nanowire array and a spatially separated thin silver film with periodic slits. Results show that the plasmon mode spectrum of the multilayer structure depends sensitively on the relative lateral displacement of the Au nanowire array with respect to the textured silver film. This is due to the interaction between the localized surface plasmon (LSP) of the nanowire array and the plasmon modes, including the horizontal LSP and the antisymmetric short-range surface plasmon polariton (SPP), of the textured thin silver film. The strong coupling between the LSP and the antisymmetric short-range SPP results in a redshifted plasmon resonance with a significantly narrow linewidth and a large electromagnetic field enhancement. Moreover, the lateral displacement also has a great influence on the spacer layer controlled dipole-surface interaction. Therefore, this relative lateral displacement provides an efficient way to tune the optical properties of the multilayer structure, and this kind of highly tunable nanostructure can be used as a tunable plasmonic filter or a substrate for LSPs sensor.     

Tunable Fano resonances and plasmonic hybridization of gold triangle–rod dimer nanostructure

A gold dimer structure consisting of a notched triangle nanoslice and a rectangle nanorod is proposed to produce distinct Fano resonance. Owing to the coupling between the dipole plasmon mode of the nanorod and the dipole or quadrupole plasmon mode of the nanoslice, the extinction spectrum with a deep Fano dip is formed and can be well fitted by the Fano interference model for different geometry parameters. In addition, Fano resonance of the gold dimer nanostructure also intensely depends on the polarization direction of incident light. Moreover, Fano resonance of the triangle–rod trimer is also analyzed by adding another nanorod into the former dimer and exhibits the splitting of plasmonic resonant peak in high order coupling modes. The plasmonic hybridizations in these nanostructures have been analyzed for revealing the physical origin of the Fano resonance.     

Fano resonance and magneto-optical Kerr rotaion in periodic Co/Ni complex plasmonic nanostructure

we report a pure rerromagneuc metallic magnetopiasmonic structure consisting or two-dimensional oraerea Ni nanodisks array on Co film.With a sufficient height of the nanodisks,a steep and asymmetric Fano resonance can be excited in this structure.We attribute the fascinating spectral lineshape to the strong coupling between the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons at the interface and the localized surface plasmon resonance of nanodisks.The conclusion is fully confirmed by spectrum measurements in nanostructures with different heights.Furthermore,the enhancement and sign of the magneto-optical Kerr rotation in this structure are significantly modified by the Fano resonance.     

基于钛酸锶钡介电非线性效应的可调谐太赫兹人工电磁媒质

数值仿真研究了内嵌钛酸锶钡薄膜夹层的金属网格谐振单元人工电磁媒质的谐振行为. 垂直电磁波激励下, 电磁响应频率随着内嵌夹层钛酸锶钡薄膜介电常数的变大呈现红移, 调谐率为22.6%. 本文提出的人工电磁媒质调谐方法只需要以结构单元的上下两层金属图形本身作为电极对内嵌夹层钛酸锶钡薄膜施加电压, 极大地简化了可调谐人工电磁媒质的制备及应用, 在太赫兹人工电磁媒质调制器等方面具有潜在的应用. 关键词： 人工电磁媒质 钛酸锶钡薄膜 介电非线性 调谐     

同心椭圆柱-纳米管结构的双重Fano共振研究

提出了一种同心椭圆柱-纳米管复合结构,该结构由金纳米管中内嵌椭圆形金柱构成,利用时域有限差分法分析了尺寸参数、周围环境及纳米管内核材料对该结构光学性质的影响.结果表明,调节椭圆柱芯的旋转角度可产生双重偶极-偶极Fano共振,其主要是由椭圆柱芯的纵向或横向偶极共振模式与纳米管的偶极成键和反成键模式杂化形成的超辐射成键模式和亚辐射成键模式之间的相互作用产生的,且共振特性可通过调节复合结构的尺寸参数控制,随椭圆柱长轴或短轴的增大而红移,随纳米管外径的增大或整体尺寸的减小而蓝移,当纳米管内径增大时高频Fano共振随着红移,而低频Fano共振先蓝移再红移,同时其对外界环境的变化不敏感,但对纳米管内核材料变化有着较好的响应.利用等离激元杂化理论对该现象进行了解释.这些结果可为构造其他类型的多波段Fano共振二维或三维纳米结构提供一种新的方式.     

Enhanced photoluminescence of CdSe quantum dots by the coupling of Ag nanocube and Ag film

The coupling of local surface plasmon(LSP) of nanoparticle and surface plasmon(SP) mode produced by metal film can lead to the enhanced electromagnetic field, which has an important application in enhancing the fluorescence of quantum dots(QDs). Herein, the Ag nanocube and Ag film are used to enhance the fluorescence of CdSe QDs. The enhancement is found to relate to the sizes of the Ag nanocube and the thickness of the Ag film. Moreover, we also present the fluorescence enhancement caused by only SP. The result shows that the coupling between metal nanoparticles and metal film can realize larger field enhancement. Numerical simulation verifies that a nanocube can localize a strong electric field around its corner. All the results indicate that the fluorescence of QDs can be efficiently improved by optimizing the parameters of Ag film and Ag cubes.     

X-两环结构的光学特性研究

提出了一种X-两环的金属周期性阵列结构,该结构由两个同心圆环包围中心X型构成.利用时域有限差分算法研究了该结构的光学特性.计算表明,当光入射到金属表面时,能够在结构中产生法诺共振现象,并在不同的位置下产生共振谷.同时,共振谷的出现又明显依赖于结构的相对参数(X的臂长、内外环的距离、内外环宽度、周期、环数、X所呈的角度),从而可以通过调节结构的相对参数来实现对结构的共振强度及共振谷位置的调控.另外,进一步分析了在不同环境折射率条件下该结构共振谷的变化规律,可以得出该结构也对周围的环境折射率有着较高的敏感度,最高可达1300 nm/RIU.结果表明,该结构在环境折射率传感器及某些光子器件的应用方面有着潜在的价值.     

Fano resonance in asymmetric gold nano-dimers with square and rectangular sections

The Fano resonances of the asymmetric dimers of gold nanowires with square and rectangular sections are investigated by using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. It is found that the Fano resonance peak can be switched on and off by laying or removing the rectangular section nanowire aside the square section one. There is only one dipole resonance mode of a single gold nanowire with a square section on the dielectric substrate, and it redshifts obviously accompanied with the FWHM being broadened along with the side width of the nanowire increasing. A Fano resonance appears when another gold nanowire with the rectangular section is laid aside the one with a square section. The peak value and FWHM of the Fano resonance mode increase obviously with the distance between the two nanowires getting larger. Meanwhile, it can be modulated by the height of the rectangular section nanowire. In addition, they can be regulated by the width and rotating angle of the rectangular section nanowire, but the peak value stays the same. The mechanisms for these behaviors are associated with the interaction of the superradiant and subradiant modes, and the corresponding electric field distributions are plotted to verify this. It is expected that the results will be useful for the design of wavelength biosensing and other new optical devices.     

Modulation of Fano resonances in symmetry-broken gold-SiO2-gold nanotube dimers

Fano resonances in the symmetry-broken gold-SiO2-gold(BGSG)nanotubes and the associated dimers have been investigated based on the finite element method.In the BGSG nanotube,the symmetry breaking induced the interactions of the inner gold core and outer gold nanoshell plasmons of all multipolar orders and hence the red-shifts of the plasmon resonance modes and the enhanced quadrupole mode peaks were observed.The interference of the quadrupole mode peak with the subradiant dipole mode caused a Fano-dip in the scattering spectrum.By increasing the core offset-value in the BGSG nanotube,the Fano dip with low energy showed a red-shift and became deeper.Unexpectedly the plasmon coupling between a GSG nanotube and a BGSG nanotube can lead to two strong Fano dips in the scattering spectra of the dimer.It was further noted that the thin side of the BGSG nanotube located at two sides of the dimer gap can lead to the strong near-field coupling between two BGSG nanotubes and hence a deeper and broader Fano dip.     

Chirality Driven by Magnetic Dipole Response for Demultiplexing of Surface Waves

Surface electromagnetic waves are characterized by the intrinsic spin‐orbit interaction which results in the fascinating spin‐momentum locking. Therefore, directional coupling of light to surface waves can be achieved through chiral nanoantennas. Here, we show that dielectric nanoantenna provides chiral response with strong spectral dependence due to the interference of electric and magnetic dipole momenta when placed in the vicinity of the metal‐air interface. Remarkably, chiral behaviour in the proposed scheme does not require elliptical polarization of the pump beam or the geometric chirality of the nanoantenna. We show that the proposed ultracompact and simple dielectric nanoantenna allows for both directional launching of surface plasmon polaritons on a thin gold film and their demultiplexing with a high spectral resolution.