基于太阳能电池板的无线光通信与传能复合系统实验研究

为明确光载波无线传输系统中,复合传输相比单独传输的优越性,实验对比了单独传能、单独通信、复合传输三种结构在传输距离为0.1m、接收的光功率估值为3.5mW、光通信速率为1kbps时的输出特性.结果表明,单独传能系统在与电感串联的负载为4kΩ时,电池板输出最大功率为1.82mW,复合传输系统在与电感串联的负载为5kΩ时,电池板输出最大功率为2.1 mW,比单独传能系统高出15%;与电容串联的负载较低时复合传输系统输出信号波形发生畸变,优化负载后波形得以改善,相同条件下幅值比单独通信系统高出1.52V.     

半导体激光无线传能中光伏电池转换效率

为选择合适的激光参量与光伏电池参量,以提高激光无线能量传输(LWPT)系统的能量转换效率,通过实验研究了LWPT系统中能量接收单元,也即光伏电池在半导体激光照射下的输出特性。通过波长为808 nm和915 nm的激光辐照GaAs和Si光伏电池,研究了不同激光功率密度、光伏电池温度、电池类型以及激光入射角度对光伏电池输出特性与能量转换效率的影响。实验中,在波长为808 nm的激光功率密度从0.06 W/cm²上升至0.37 W/cm²的过程中,Si电池的最大输出功率从0.12 W上升至0.32 W,能量转换效率从50.9%下降至21.2%;GaAs电池的最大输出功率从0.40 W上升到1.07 W,能量转换效率从57.9%下降至23.8%。随着激光功率密度的增加,光伏电池的输出功率先增加而后趋于饱和,但是高功率密度激光引起的电池温升会导致其光电转换效率的下降,所以激光功率密度的选择与光伏电池温度的控制是提高LWPT系统能量转换效率的关键因素。     

基于电磁超材料的微波无线能量传输与收集关键技术(特邀)

无线能量传输与收集技术有望为5G通信、万物互联等重要领域提供革命性技术变革。近距离耦合式传能已逐渐商业化,但面向远距离应用的微波无线传能的实用化进程还存在诸多技术瓶颈,例如有限的收发天线口径与传输效率的矛盾等。电磁超材料的发展为解决上述问题带来了新的突破口。本文将围绕两者的结合,系统地阐述电磁超材料在微波无线能量传输与无线能量收集中的关键技术。结果表明,基于电磁超材料的近场聚焦技术能显著提升无线能量传输效率。此外,还介绍了光透明超表面以及可重构超表面用于提升无线传能性能与实用性的研究进展;基于亚波长超材料单元的周期性紧密排布,可以设计具备宽角入射特性、极化不敏感特性的无线能量收集器,从而以更高的收集效率取代传统天线结构进行能量接收。与整流二极管共面集成提出整流超表面的新概念,可以简化无线能量收集器系统的整体结构,减小尺寸并提高效率。最后,对无线传能的未来发展进行讨论,指出现场可编程、智能超材料技术将在未来携能通信系统中起到非常重要的作用。     

基于Metglas/PFC磁电层状复合材料的电能无线传输系统

本文完整推导了无直流偏磁条件下, 磁致伸缩材料和压电材料黏接而得的磁电层状复合材料输出电压、电流、磁电系数表达式, 制备了多个样品并实现了电能无线传输系统. 对样品的测试结果验证了理论分析的正确性. 进一步试验结果表明: 磁电层状复合材料的输出具有倍频特性, 材料长度与谐振频率成反比, 谐振状态下样品可在20 Oe的磁场中输出接近100 V (有效值)开路电压, 样品最大传输功率为520 mW (此为该传输方式下公开报道的最大功率), 功率密度为1.21 W/cm³, 样品最大传输效率达35%, 30°以内的偏转角度对材料的输出无显著影响. 试验结果表明, 基于Metglas/PFC磁电层状复合材料是小体积、 小功率、 对传输效率不甚敏感的电能无线传输应用的一种非常有前景的实现方式. 关键词： 磁电复合材料 无线能量传输     

磁耦合共振式无线电能传输空间能量的分布规律研究

无线电能传输是一种在电源和负载之间不需要任何物理接触就可以传输电能的技术。随着该技术的逐渐普及,磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输因其特有的中短距离传输的高效性进入人们的视野。文章基于磁耦合共振原理设计制作了研究装置,首先分析了在磁耦合共振条件下能量分布随线圈距离以及角度的关系,并基于以上关系得出能量在空间中的分布规律图像。     

基于U型波导耦合单微环结构的高灵敏度湿度传感器

首次提出了一种基于U型波导耦合的新型单微环结构湿度传感器,该传感器以聚酰亚胺(polyimide,P1)作为感湿材料,当外界环境相对湿度变化时,引起感湿部位折射率的相应变化,导致传感器的输出光谱发生漂移。根据传输矩阵法推导U型波导耦合单微环结构的传递函数,重点讨论了不同感湿部位对输出光谱的影响,通过Matlab理论仿真,确定以U型波导耦合单微环结构整体作为最佳感湿部位。当U型波导的两个耦合点间的距离为微环周长的整数倍时,相比于传统的单微环结构,自由光谱范围(FSR)实现加倍。外界相对湿度从10%RH变化到100%RH时,传感器的输出光谱漂移量在0.027～0.191 μm之间变化,灵敏度高达0.001 8 μm/%RH,相比于具有高灵敏度的光纤光栅类湿度传感器,灵敏度提高了10~100倍,实现了在高灵敏度感湿的同时兼顾谐振峰两侧大范围的滤波选频。     

平面金属等离激元美特材料对光学Tamm态及相关激射行为的增强作用

本文对具有类EIR色散特性的平面金属等离激元美特材料(planar plasmonic metamaterials, PPM)对光学Tamm态及相关激射行为的增强作用进行了研究. 我们首先运用传输矩阵方法分析了利用PPM结构的色散来增强光学Tamm态对应模式电磁局域密度的可能性. 其次, 我们将具有类EIR特性的PPM与一维光子晶体(photonic crystal, PC)合在一起设计了一种平面等离激元美特材料-光子晶体(PPM-PC)异质结构. 研究发现, 通过在电磁局域密度最高的PPM结构中(或附近)加入增益介质, 可观察到比通常光学Tamm态更强的激射增强效应及更明显的单色性响应. 这些特性使得这种PPM-PC结构有望被应用于低阈值激光器、荧光增强等方面.     

连通的开口和闭口谐振环构成的磁超材料设计

在已有的磁超材料和左手材料结构中,负等效磁导率主要通过开口谐振环、平行短金属线对或者它们的变形结构来实现. 这些结构要求入射电磁波的电场方向平行于基板. 针对这一特点,利用将开口和闭口的谐振环相连通的思想,设计出了入射电磁波的电场方向垂直于基板型的三维磁超材料,并予以实验验证. 该对称结构中金属线线宽的变化对磁谐振频率影响很小,有利于实际的加工和应用. 同时,该结构对于设计三维以及具有极化无关、均匀各向同性等特点的磁超材料和左手材料具有参考价值. 关键词： 磁超材料 谐振环 电场方向     

传输矩阵法分析微环谐振器阵列传输特性

微环谐振器可用作未来高密度、超大规模集成光路的基本构件,其重要发展方向之一是多环化、阵列化,微环谐振器阵列近来成为研究的热点。基于定向耦合器、环形谐振腔、直波导腔的基本单元传输矩阵,建立了用于分析微环谐振器阵列传输特性的传输矩阵模型。讨论了列间距对传输特性的影响,并数值模拟了不同尺度的奇数行和偶数行情况下谐振器阵列的传输特性。结合此传输矩阵模型,讨论了通过改变微环谐振器阵列的尺度以及耦合系数以实现滤波特性改善的方案。最后数值研究了最小尺度微环谐振器阵列传输特性与腔间耦合系数的关系。     

一种新颖的变异开口谐振环双频带磁谐振特异材料

根据磁谐振等效电路原理,设计出了工作在X波段的基于变异开口谐振环(split ring resonators)结构的新型双频带磁谐振特异材料.由于内外环间具有弱耦合的优越特性,所提出的磁谐振特异材料的两个工作频点可以较为方便地调节.该研究成果为特异材料的多频带、宽带化提供有益的的研究思路和设计方法. 关键词： 磁谐振特异材料 双频带 弱耦合     

Observation of Fano resonance and classical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency in toroidal metamaterials

Toroidal multipoles have recently been explored in various scientific communities, ranging from atomic and molecular physics, electrodynamics, and solid‐state physics to biology. Here we experimentally and numerically demonstrate a three‐dimensionsal toroidal metamaterial where two different toroidal dipoles along orthogonal directions have been observed. The chosen toroidal metamaterial also simultaneously supports Fano resonance and the classical analog of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomena in the transmission spectra that originate from the electric–toroidal dipole and electric–magnetic dipole destructive interference. The intriguing properties of the toroidal resonances may open up avenues for applications in toroidal moments generator, sensing and slow‐light devices.     

Wireless energy transfer between anisotropic metamaterials shells

The behavior of strongly coupled Radial Photonic Crystals shells is investigated as a potential alternative to transfer electromagnetic energy wirelessly. These sub-wavelength resonant microstructures, which are based on anisotropic metamaterials, can produce efficient coupling phenomena due to their high quality factor. A configuration of selected constitutive parameters (permittivity and permeability) is analyzed in terms of its resonant characteristics. The coupling to loss ratio between two coupled resonators is calculated as a function of distance, the maximum (in excess of 300) is obtained when the shells are separated by three times their radius. Under practical conditions an 83% of maximum power transfer has been also estimated.     

Wireless adiabatic power transfer

We propose a technique for efficient mid-range wireless power transfer between two coils, by adapting the process of adiabatic passage for a coherently driven two-state quantum system to the realm of wireless energy transfer. The proposed technique is shown to be robust to noise, resonant constraints, and other interferences that exist in the neighborhood of the coils.     

Efficient and stable wireless power transfer based on the non-Hermitian physics

As one of the most attractive non-radiative power transfer mechanisms without cables,efficient magnetic resonance wireless power transfer(WPT)in the near field has been extensively developed in recent years,and promoted a variety of practical applications,such as mobile phones,medical implant devices and electric vehicles.However,the physical mechanism behind some key limitations of the resonance WPT,such as frequency splitting and size-dependent efficiency,is not very clear under the widely used circuit model.Here,we review the recently developed efficient and stable resonance WPT based on non-Hermitian physics,which starts from a completely different avenue(utilizing loss and gain)to introduce novel functionalities to the resonance WPT.From the perspective of non-Hermitian photonics,the coherent and incoherent effects compete and coexist in the WPT system,and the weak stable of energy transfer mainly comes from the broken phase associated with the phase transition of parity-time symmetry.Based on this basic physical framework,some optimization schemes are proposed,including using nonlinear effect,using bound states in the continuum,or resorting to the system with high-order parity-time symmetry.Moreover,the combination of non-Hermitian physics and topological photonics in multi-coil system also provides a versatile platform for long-range robust WPT with topological protection.Therefore,the non-Hermitian physics can not only exactly predict the main results of current WPT systems,but also provide new ways to solve the difficulties of previous designs.     

Integrated wireless communications and wireless power transfer: An overview

As an important application of the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems, Internet of Things (IoT) has attracted worldwide research interests. Since most of the communication devices in IoT are powered by batteries, these devices always have limited operation time. Wireless power transfer (WPT) technology, which can transfer power over a wireless medium (without any wires), can avoid the need to manually replace or recharge the batteries of the wireless devices in IoT. For electromagnetic (EM) radiation-based WPT, since radio-frequency (RF) signals that transport energy can at the same time be used for wireless communications, integrated wireless communications and WPT becomes a new research area which has attracted great research interests. In this paper, we first introduce two main research paradigms for integrated wireless communications and WPT, i.e., simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) and wireless-powered communication network (WPCN). Then we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art of both SWIPT and WPCN, respectively. Finally, we point out the new and challenging future research direction.     

基于垂直引线和调制电流的三线环形磁导引

提出了一种在单层原子芯片上实现闭合且导引中心无磁场零点的环形磁导引的新方案. 芯片表面刻蚀的导线结构由同心等距三环线构成, 三环线的电流引线垂直于芯片表面. 加载直流电流后, 这种构型即可在芯片表面附近产生闭合的环形磁导引. 交流调制三环线电流后, 环形磁导引的势能极小值附近不再存在磁场零点且其磁场起伏小. 这种方案可用于基于物质波干涉的原子芯片陀螺仪研究.     

基于圆柱谐振腔的高功率微波脉冲压缩系统

提出了一种新型的基于圆柱谐振腔的高功率级波脉冲压缩系统,介绍了该系统的结构形式,给出了部分关键器件的数值模拟结果,对系统的功率容量及品质因数进行了初步分析.对于高功率微波(HPM)脉冲压缩系统来说,系统的功率容量与最终获取的HPM功率大小密切相关,谐振腔的固有品质因数与系统效率密不可分,工程实践表明,相对于基于矩形谐振腔的脉冲压缩系统,本文设计的基于圆柱谐振腔的脉冲压缩系统功率容量可提高一个量级,谐振腔的固有品质因数可提高5倍以上. 关键词： 高功率微波 脉冲压缩 谐振腔 功率容量     

The effect of toroidal field on the rotating magnetic field current drive in rotamak plasmas

A rotamak is one kind of compact spherically shaped magnetic-confinement device. In a rotamak the plasma current is driven by means of rotating magnetic field （RMF）. The driven current can reverse the original equilibrium field and generate a field-reversed-configuration. In a conventional rotamak, a toroidal field （TF） is not necessary for the RMF to drive plasma current, but it was found that the present of an additional TF can influence the RMF current drive. In this paper the effect of TF on the RMF current drive in a rotamak are investigated in some detail. The experimental results show that addition of TF increases the RMF driven current greatly and enhances the RMF penetration dramatically. Without TF, the RMF can only penetrate into plasma in the edge region. When a TF is added, the RMF can reach almost the whole plasma region. This is an optimal strength of toroidal magnetic field for getting maximum plasma current when Bv and radio frequency generator power are fixed. Besides driving current, the RMF generates high harmonic fields in rotamak plasma. The effect of TF on the harmonic field spectra are also reported.[第一段]     

基于LabVIEW的EAST纵场电源数据采集系统设计

基于LabVIEW软件和数据库设计了一套实时数据采集系统,实现了EAST纵场电源系统多信号的实时采集、数据处理、储存和历史查询。结果表明,设计的系统能够实现纵场电源系统状态的实时监控。