HT-6M托卡马克装置杂质输运

利用多道可见光谱探测系统和近紫外转镜系统测量了HT-6M托卡马克等离子体中杂质的时空分布.建立完备的杂质输运程序，数值模拟碳、氧杂质在欧姆放电时的输运行为，得出了杂质的扩散和对流系数、不同电离态杂质离子密度、辐射功率密度和有效电荷数的空间分布. 分析低混杂波电流驱动（LHCD）期间杂质行为，结果表明等离子体粒子约束、杂质约束和能 量约束提高，辐射功率和有效电荷数减小. 关键词： 托卡马克 杂质输运 扩散系数 对流系数     

类氢氖基态电离势随等离子体温度密度的变化

采用自洽场离子球模型,研究类氢氖基态1s的电离势随等离子体电子温度及电子密度的变化规律,计算得到基态电离势的百分偏移量随等离子体电子密度的变化关系,拟合结果表明两者的对数值满足很好的线性关系.该结果对计算等离子体电离态分布及光谱模拟具有一定意义.     

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通过参量转化，将杂质速率方程转化为具有三角对称系数矩阵的矢量方程，并进行了数值求解，得到了托卡马克等离子体中常见轻杂质特征参量 随等离子体温度的变化曲线。计算结果显示，对常见的轻杂质如氦、碳、氧、氖及氩等在1eV～10keV温度范围内特征参量基本分布在1015～1019m-3•s数量级范围内；平均特征参量数值与核电荷数Z没有明确的函数关系；在曲线最后两个峰值处，相应杂质的平衡时间基本一致；当等离子体中杂质主要以类氦、类氖离子形态(具有闭合壳层形态离子)存在时，对应温度下特征参量曲线达到极小值。     

不同电离度下大气等离子体粒子行为的数值模拟

利用一个空间零维大气等离子体模型对其中的主要粒子在不同电离度情况下的变化规律进行了研究.得到放电后不同初始电子密度下的电子寿命,同时给出了主要带电粒子和中性粒子密度随时间的演化.结果表明,电子密度随时间快速衰减,电子寿命随电离度的增大而减小.对一些重要的中性粒子(如O,N,O₃和NO)随电离度增大的行为进行了分析. 关键词： 电离度 大气等离子体 数值模拟     

纯欧姆加热下托卡马克放电启动的0维数值模拟

利用0维数值模型对国际热核实验聚变堆(ITER)的启动放电进行了模拟,给出等离子体密度、等离子体电流、电子温度等参量随时间的演化,并给出电子和离子能量损失的变化。通过分析等离子体参量变化,发现对于特定的环电压,初始放电气压存在上限值,并且分析了启动过程中能量损失机制。在气体完全电离后,电子的平衡损失和输运损失占主导作用。     

大气等离子体中氮氧化物粒子行为的数值模拟

利用一个空间零维大气等离子体模型对其中的氮氧化物在不同电离度情况下的变化规律进行了数值模拟,得到了放电后不同初始电子密度下的氮氧化物(包括NO,NO⁺,NO₂,NO₂⁺,N₂O,N₂O⁺,NO₃和N₂O₅)及影响其产消的主要反应物N和O₃的密度随时间的演化规律.结果表明,电子初始密度n_e0=10⁹ cm^-3时,NO和NO₂的去除率较高,氮氧化物总密度较小,最适合消除氮氧化物污染.同时,还对N和O₃随电离度变化的行为进行了分析. 关键词： 大气等离子体 氮氧化物 电离度 数值模拟     

利用不同原子模型计算局部热力学平衡等离子体电离态(英文)

等离子体电离态分布是等离子体物理学中被广泛应用的重要物理量之一,而原子数据是电离态计算的前提.首先,利用Rubiano相对论性原子结构模型、Faussurier非相对论原子结构模型和高度简化的More模型,分别计算各种电离度的Fe离子能量.通过与自洽场结果的比较后认为,Faussurier模型给出的原子数据比较精确可靠.然后,再利用以上模型研究了局部热力学平衡Fe等离子体电离态随温度和密度的变化情况.计算结果表明,不同原子模型提供的原子数据对平均电离度的计算结果影响不大,但明显地影响等离子体中的离子丰度.本文对这些差异进行了物理分析.     

对超短脉冲激光与固体密度等离子体相互作用动力学过程的研究

结合Saha方程,建立了一个超短脉冲激光与固体密度等离子体相互作用的动力学过程中电子温度和电子密度随时间变化的简单模型.在降温过程中采用绝热膨胀模型,讨论了等离子体在绝热膨胀过程中的特殊性质,考虑了离子声速随温度的变化,推算了状态演化过程,得到了电离度随时间变化的演化规律. 关键词： 超短超强脉冲激光 固体密度等离子体 电离度     

介质阻挡均匀大气压辉光放电数值模拟研究

通过数值求解一维电子、离子连续性方程和动量方程，以及电流连续性方程，计算了氦气介 质阻挡大气压辉光放电电子、离子密度和电场在放电空间的时空分布，以及放电电流密度和 绝缘介质板充电电荷密度随时间的变化. 分析讨论所加电压频率、幅值及介质板性质等对均 匀大气压辉光放电性质的影响. 当外加电压频率足够高时，大量离子被俘获在放电空间，空 间电荷场又引起足够多的电子滞留在放电空间. 这些种子电子使得在大气压下发生汤森放电 ，放电空间结构类似于低气压辉光放电，即存在明显的阴极位降区、负辉区、法拉第暗区和 等离子体正柱 关键词： 大气压辉光放电 介质阻挡 数值模拟 等离子体     

多电子原子的电离过程

在电晕近似下给定等离子体的温度和密度,采用离子模型用数值计算方法求解了电离度方程组。给出Si~(14)、Ar~(18)、Ti~(22)、Fe~(26)、Ge~(32)和Kr~(36)等六种元素的离子丰度、离化度和电离度等特征量的数值结果,为研究类氖离子的3P-3S反转提供了类氖离子丰度的数值     

Effect of collisional transitions on the population distributions of excited atoms in a plasma

The effect of collisional transitions on the population distribution of excited atoms has been studied by considering a plasma in which the electron density varies with time. It has been found that for highly excited states, for which the ionization rate is much larger than that of electron-density variations, the collisional transitions are not important compared with the collisional ionization and recombination processes. However, for intermediate and lower excited states, they play an important role in making the population distribution approach Saha equilibrium with the electrons.     

The Impact of Direct Ionization by Beam Electrons on the Electron Kinetics of the Beam Discharge Plasma in Molecular Hydrogen

In a recent paper the stationary beam plasma discharge in partially dissociated hydrogen was investigated where the electron component was described by the Boltzmann equation for a mixture of atomic and molecular hydrogen and the main heavy charged and neutral particles by balance equations. It was assumed that, via the quasilinear beam plasma interaction, the electron beam produces only the turbulent electric field whilst an additional production of plasma electrons due to direct ionization by the beam and thus a direct influence on the balances of charge carriers were neglected. Now the additional production of plasma electrons due to direct ionization by the beam is studied on the basis of a generalized Boltzmann equation but for the simpler model of a purely molecular hydrogen plasma. For experimentally obtainable values of the turbulence energy density, beam energy, beam ionization degree and electron life time the calculation of the electron energy distribution function and of the direct beam contribution to the electron particle balance shows a marked influence of the direct beam ionization with increasing degree of beam ionization.     

Coherent microwave rayleigh scattering from resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization in argon

Multiphoton ionization and electron recombination processes are studied in argon using coherent microwave Rayleigh scattering from a localized, resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization produced plasma. A time dependent one-dimensional plasma dynamic model is developed to predict the time evolution of the microwave scattering from the plasma. Experimental results of the argon ionization spectrum and electron recombination rates are in good agreement with the model predictions.     

基于OFI椭圆偏振光场等离子体中电离电子能量分布的研究

在准静态隧道电离理论模型和准经典阈上电离理论模型的基础上,建立了一个描述基于光场感生电离的椭圆偏振光场电离电子能量分布的简单模型,推导出了既易于理解又相对简单适用的描述椭圆偏振光场的电子能量分布函数解析表达式.利用此式数值计算了不同偏振参量下的椭圆偏振光场中类钯氙系统的电子能量分布曲线,计算结果表明在相同的激光功率密度下,偏振参量对基于OFI电子碰撞机制的X射线辐射强度是有影响的,并与报道的实验结果一致 关键词： 椭圆偏振光场 电子能量分布 类钯氙系统 电子碰撞机制     

The trapping of A1(XII) and (XIII) resonance lines in a laser-heated plasma

Effects of radiative trapping and quenching processes that may be important on a time scale of tens of picoseconds are examined in connection with the escape of A1(XII) and (XIII) resonance-line photons from a laser-heated aluminum plasma. For the A1(XII) line, radiative trapping by itself would introduce significant delays on this time scale. However, collisional ionization from the excited state is more important and dominates the transfer of this line. Unless the effective optical depth is reduced by rapid internal motions, the time dependence of the A1(XII) line will reflect the source distribution near the surface, rather than the state of the plasma in the interior. For the A1(XIII) line, the delay due to radiative trapping is smaller and collisional ionization is competitive, but does not completely dominate.     

Modelling of Secondary Electron Impact on the Self-Consistent RF Bulk Plasma Description

The impact of a secondary electron beam, generated at the electrodes and accelerated in the sheaths, on the self-consistent treatment of the electron behaviour in an rf bulk plasma has been investigated by a parametric study. Source of electrons in the plasma are collisional ionization and secondary electron injection. Electrons are lost by ambipolar diffusion to the electrodes of a parallel plate rf discharge configuration. The non-stationary Boltzmann equation is used to determine self-consistently the rf field amplitude necessary for maintaining the steady-state rf bulk plasma as well as the time resolved behaviour of the electron energy distribution function and of all contributions to the electron particle and power balance, at given source rate and energy distribution of secondary electron injection.     

电离能下降对于硅等离子体辐射不透明度影响的研究

电离能下降的现象与等离子体的成分、电离分布、热力学、输运性质息息相关,其精确测量值对于整个实验的模型检验和方案设计都至关重要.本文考虑粒子数的涨落,对经典的Stewart和Pyatt的模型进行修正,并耦合进先前发展的等离子体模型.利用修正的模型对熊刚等人的实验进行了解释,发现当前模型所得结果要优于其他理论结果,与实验更加一致.     

Tonks-Langmuir problem for a bi-Maxwellian plasma

An analytical solution of the Tonks-Langmuir (TL) problem with a bi-Maxwellian electron energy distribution function (EEDF) is obtained for a plasma slab. The solution shows that the ambipolar potential, the plasma density distribution, and the ion flux to the wall are mainly governed by the cold electrons, while the ionization rate and voltage drop across the wall sheath are governed by the hot electrons. The ionization rate by direct electron impact is found to be spatially rather uniform, contrary to the T-L solution where it is proportional to the plasma density distribution. The temperature of hot electrons defined by the ionization balance is found to be close to that of the T-L solution for a mono-Maxwellian EEDF, and is in reasonable agreement with experiments carried out in a low pressure capacitance RF discharge. The energy balance for cold electrons in this discharge shows that their heating by hot electrons via Coulomb interaction is equalized by the cold electrons' escape to the RF electrodes during collapse of the RF sheath     

The importance of photoexcitation to the ionization dynamics of laser-produced carbon plasmas

The influence of temperature and density variations and opacity effects on the ionization dynamics of a spherical carbon plasma are determined. The calculations were done for solid, hollow and absorbing center geometries. The results of these calculations show that there are wide-spread differences in the amount and distribution of resonance line radiation emitted from the hydrogen- and helium-like ionization stages that depend on the model describing the ionization dynamics.     

Simulation of radiation losses using non-coronal model on HL-2A

In this paper, the radiation losses of impurity on HL-2A have been simulated by assuming the profiles electron temperature and density and solving ionization rate equation under conditions of non-coronal radiation. The time required for an impurity species to establish equilibrium is proved to be sensitively dependent on the plasma electron temperature, and it is strongly correlated with the ionization state distribution during equilibrium establishment of impurity species. It is found from simulation results that the residence parameter plays an important role in the enhancement of radiation losses of plasma.