共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Wenjuan Yang Yating Zhu Junjun Li Zheng Chen Farhat Nosheen Qitao Zhang Zhicheng Zhang 《中国化学快报》2021,32(1):286-290
The conversion of chemical feedstock materials into high value-added products accompanied with dehydrogenation is of great value in the chemical industry.However,the catalytic dehydrogenation reaction is inhibited by a limited number of expensive noble metal catalysts and lacks understanding of dehydrogenation mechanism.Here,we report the use of heterogeneous non-noble metal iron nanoparticles(NPs) incorporated mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon to investigate the dehydrogenation mechanism based on experiment observation and density functional theory(DFT) method.Fe NPs catalyst displays excellent performance in the dehydrogenation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline(THQ)with 100% selectivity and 100% conversion for 10-12 h at room temperature.The calculated adsorption energy implies that THQ prefers to adsorb on Fe NPs as compared with absence of Fe NPs.What is more,the energy barrier of transition state is relatively low,illustrating the dehydrogenation is feasible.This work provides an atomic scale mechanism guidance for the catalytic dehydrogenation reaction and points out the direction for the design of new catalysts. 相似文献
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As a direct and viable synthesis of amino acids, the small organic molecule catalyzed asymmetric Strecker reactions have been explored successfully in recent years. For these catalysts, the active sites may be a guanidine group or similarly a urea group. In an effort to elucidate the reaction mechanism, we have investigated the bicyclic guanidine-catalyzed Strecker reaction of HCN and methanimine using density functional theory with the B3LYP method. Assisted by guanidine, two competitive pathways to aminoacetonitrile were rationalized. The aminoisoacetonitrile may not form due to the instability of the product. 相似文献
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Ewa Broclawik Ryo Yamauchi Akira Endou Momoji Kubo Akira Miyamoto 《International journal of quantum chemistry》1997,61(4):673-682
Simple functional models for elementary steps in the total oxidation of methane over supported palladium catalysts were investigated using density functional theory. Three simple cluster models were proposed, namely, the palladium dimer and PdO diatomic and linear Pd2O, to probe the mechanism of the methane activation on metallic and oxidized palladium phases, respectively. The strongest adsorption was found on Pd2, where also the C(SINGLE BOND)H bond became easily activated; however, no stable product of the C(SINGLE BOND)H bond scission was indicated. Similar hydrogen activation took place on Pd2O and, in addition, adsorbed methyl and OH species formed the most stable system after crossing a moderate energy barrier. The same product was previously found stable also in the case of PdO dimer but the activation barrier was high. On the Pd2O cluster, the process of energy barrier crossing was accomplished in two steps: easy formation of a free hydrogen moiety and actual oxidation, which made the overall process less demanding energetically. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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E. A. Fushman S. S. Lalayan M. Kh. Minacheva O. A. Mikhailova A. D. Margolin 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》1993,42(12):2018-2021
The rates of ethylene polymerization catalyzed by Cp2ZrCl2-polymethylalumoxane and (Cp2ZrCl)2O-polymethylalumoxane are equal. According to NMR and ESR spectral data, the same precatalyst, presumably Cp2ZrMe2, is formed in both systems by the action of AlMe3. This accounts for the equal catalytic activity of the systems based on Cp2ZrCl2 and (Cp2ZrCl)2O. A scheme of reactions resulting in cleavage of the Zr-O-Zr bridge is proposed and confirmed by spectroscopic data.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 12, pp. 2104–2107, December, 1993. 相似文献
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Transition structures associated with the C-C bond-formation step of the proline-catalyzed intermolecular aldol reaction
between acetone and isobutyraldehyde have been studies using density functional theory methods at the B3LYP/6-31G** computational
level. A continuum model has been selected to represent solvent effects. For this step, which is the stereocontrolling and
rate-determining step, four reactive channels corresponding to the syn and anti arrangement of the active methylene of the
enamine relative to the carboxylic acid group of l-proline and the re and si attack modes to both faces of the aldehyde carbonyl group have been analyzed. The B3LYP/6-31G**
energies are in good agreement with experiment, allowing us to explain the origin of the catalysis and stereoselectivity for
these proline-catalyzed aldol reactions.
Received: 2 April 2002 / Accepted: 18 July 2002 / Published online: 11 October 2002
Acknowledgements. This work was supported by research funds provided by the Ministerio de Educación y Cultura of the Spanish Government by
DGICYT (project PB98–1429). All the calculations were performed on a Cray–Silicon Graphics Origin 2000 of the Servicio de
Informática de la Universidad de Valencia. We are most indebted to this center for providing us with computer capabilities.
Correspondence to: L. R. Domingo e-mail: domingo@utopia.uv.es 相似文献
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ZHANG XingHui GENG ZhiYuan & WANG YongCheng Gansu Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering Northwest Normal University Lanzhou China College of Chemical Engineering Gansu Lianhe University Lanzhou China 《中国科学B辑(英文版)》2011,(5)
The mechanisms of the acid-catalyzed decarboxylation of pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and mesitoic acid have been investigated based on density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/6-311G (d,p) level. A polarizable continuum model (PCM) has been established in order to evaluate the effects of solvents on these reactions. The results of the calculations indicate that the first step of the acid-catalyzed decarboxylation of the pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid has two possible pathways,that is,the proton of H3O+ a... 相似文献
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The proton-transfer mechanism in the isolated, mono, dehydrated forms and dimers of 2-pyridone and the effect of hydration or self-assistance on the transition state structures corresponding to proton transfer from the keto form to the enol form have been investigated using B3LYP and BH-LYP hybrid density functional methods at the 6-311++G (2d, 2p) basis set level. The barrier heights for both H2O-assisted and self-assisted reactions are significantly lower than that of the bare tautomerization reaction from 2-pyridone to 2-hydroxypyridine, implying the importance of the superior catalytic effect of H2O and (H2O)2 and the important role of 2-pyridone itself for the intramolecular proton transfer. Long-range solvent effects have also been taken into account by using the continuum model (Onsager model and polarizable continuum model (PCM)) of water. The tautomerization energies and the potential energy barriers are increased both for the water-assisted and for the self-assisted reaction because of the bulk solvent, which imply that the tautomerization of PY becomes less favorable in the polar solvent. 相似文献
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Matthew A. Cranswick Nadine E. Gruhn John H. Enemark Dennis L. Lichtenberger 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2008,693(8-9):1621-1627
The Cp2VCl2 molecule is a prototype for bent-metallocene complexes with a single electron in the metal d shell, but experimental measure of the binding energy of the d electron by photoelectron spectroscopy eluded early attempts due to apparent decomposition in the spectrometer to Cp2VCl. With improved instrumentation, the amount of decomposition is reduced and subtraction of ionization intensity due to Cp2VCl from the Cp2VCl2/Cp2VCl mixed spectrum yields the Cp2VCl2 spectrum exclusively. The measured ionization energies provide well-defined benchmarks for electronic structure calculations. Density functional calculations support the spectral interpretations and agree well with the ionization energy of the d1 electron and the energies of the higher positive ion states of Cp2VCl2. The calculations also account well for the trends to the other Group V bent-metallocene dichlorides Cp2NbCl2 and Cp2TaCl2. The first ionization energy of Cp2VCl2 is considerably greater than the first ionization energies of the second- and third-row transition metal analogues. 相似文献
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The B3LYP hybrid density functional method has been carried out to study theoretically the mechanism of Pd(0)-catalyzed alkyne cyanoboration reaction. Both the intermolecular and intramolecular alkyne cyanoboration reactions were studied. For each reaction, three paths were proposed. In path A of each reaction, the first step is B-CN bond oxidative addition to bisphosphine complex Pd(PH(3))(2), in path B of each reaction, the first step is alkyne coordination to bisphosphine complex Pd(PH(3))(2), and in path C of each reaction, the first step is the PH(3) dissociation from Pd(PH(3))(2) to form monophosphine complex Pd(PH(3)). For both reactions, path B is favored. The dissociation and recoordination of phosphine ligand are found to be very important for the entire reaction, in agreement with the experiment. In both intermolecular and intramolecular cyanoboration reactions, cyano migration is preferred to take place compared with alkenylboryl migration for the formation of the final cis products. The rate-determining step for both intermolecular and intramolecular cyanoboration reactions is found to be the insertion of carbon-carbon triple bond into Pd-B bond with the activation energy of 38.4 and 34.3 kcal/mol relative to the initial reactants, respectively. These values suggest that intramolecular reaction is relatively easy to occur. 相似文献
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Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 is one important approach to alleviate greenhouse gas emission and energy crisis, which has gained huge attention in the past decades. However, the lack of understanding complex reaction mechanism impedes new catalysts design. It is also very difficult to understand the mechanism by using only experimental approaches. For this concern, theoretical calculations can effectively supplement the experimental deficiency and thus play an important role. Recently theoretical calculations have been performed on adsorption, migration and reduction of CO2 molecule on the photocatalyst surface, leading to useful information that have contributed greatly to this field. This review summarizes recent advances in first-principles calculations about CO2 photoreduction over various semiconductor photocatalysts like metal oxides, sulfides and g-C3N4. The methods, models, adsorption and reaction pathways have been discussed in detail. The perspective about future investigation on the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 using first principles calculations is also presented. 相似文献
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利用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法,6-31G(d)基组,在zigzag型的四并苯模型上对NO、O2分子在活性炭纤维(ACFs)表面的吸附行为进行研究,并探讨了ACFs催化氧化NO的主要机理路径。研究结果表明,环境气氛中的O2分子可以先吸附于ACFs表面形成两个半醌基(C-O),之后C-O和吸附态的NO(C-NO)发生氧化反应生成-NO2;游离态的O2也可以经过ACFs表面的催化作用形成活性氧原子(O*)从而直接和吸附态的NO反应生成-NO2。与NO相比,O2分子的吸附能大,在同NO的竞争吸附中占据优势,结合统计热力学分析,吸附态的NO和游离态的O2所产生的活性氧原子发生氧化反应是NO转化为NO2的主要途径。 相似文献
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The reaction mechanism of human O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT) is studied using density functional theory. AGT repairs alkylated DNA by directly removing the alkyl group from the O6 position of the guanine. A quantum chemical model of the active site was devised based on the recent crystal structure of the AGT–DNA complex. The potential energy curve is calculated and the stationary points are characterized. It is concluded that the previously proposed reaction mechanism is energetically plausible. In this mechanism, His146 first acts as a water-mediated general base to activate Cys145, which then performs a nucleophilic attack to dealkylate the guanine base. 相似文献
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A computational study with the Becke3LYP method is carried out on the mechanism of the reaction of complexes V(O)(L)(OOH) and V(O)(LH)(OO) (L = O(CH)(3)N(CH(2))(2)O) with CH(3)S-SCH(3), a system that stands as a model for experimental systems where the metal complex contains larger chelating Schiff bases and the substrate is bis(tert-butyl) disulfide. The different possible isomers of both the hydroperoxo V(O)(L)(OOH) and the peroxo V(O)(LH)(OO) forms of the catalyst are explored, and the reactivity of the most stable among them with the dimethyl disulfide substrate is studied through location of the corresponding transition states. A large variety of reactive paths happen to exist, though in all cases the reaction takes place through a direct transfer process, with the simultaneous formation of the S-O bond and breaking of the O-O bond being the rate-limiting step. 相似文献
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Yuan Yongning Yuan Nini Guo Tuo Bai Hongcun Xia Hongqiang Ren Yanjiao Guo Qingjie 《Structural chemistry》2022,33(3):721-731
Structural Chemistry - A detailed theoretical analysis of the mechanism of chemical bond activation in cyclohexane catalysed by the atomic transition-metal cation Ni+ was performed by density... 相似文献
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Jing Guan Gang Yang Danhong Zhou Weiping Zhang Xianchun Liu Xiuwen Han Xinhe Bao 《Journal of molecular catalysis. A, Chemical》2009,300(1-2):41-47
Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were performed to optimize the Mo active sites in HBeta zeolite catalysts as well as to locate the reaction pathways to form the Mo-methylidene species. Two different Mo active sites, i.e., the oxidized MoVIO2 and its reduced form MoVO(OH), were developed and incorporated into HBeta zeolites by replacing a pair of Brønsted acidic sites. The Mo-methylidene species were found to be produced through two elementary reaction steps, and the Mo-oxametallacyclobutanes were identified as the intermediates. The activation barriers of the decompositions of the oxametallacyclobutane intermediates (Step 2) were estimated to be higher than those of the ethene addition on the Mo active sites (Step 1). The oxidation states of the Mo centers exerted marked influences on the stabilities of the intermediates as well as on the activation barriers and reaction heats of Steps 1 and 2, which were elucidated by the electronic properties of the Ob-ligands directly bonded to the Mo centers. Both free energy barriers and reaction heats have indicated that the whole processes of generating the Mo-methylidene species were preferred over the Mo(VI) rather than Mo(V) active site. Accordingly, the Mo(VI) active site was more efficient in catalyzing the formation of Mo-methylidene species in the heterogeneous Mo/HBeta catalytic systems. 相似文献
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J. Tichy M. M. Andrushkevich G. K. Boreskov A. A. Davidov L. M. Plyasova V. D. Sokolovskii 《Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters》1976,5(4):407-413
The products of selective oxidation are shown to be formed via a stepwise mechanism with participation of surface allylic complexes. A successive transformation of -allyl to -allyl and further to acrolein is possible. The products of complete oxidation may be formed through surface carbonate-carboxylate complexes via either a stepwise mechanism involving the catalyst's oxygen, or a concerted mechanism with the participation of molecular oxygen.
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