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食源性致病菌或其产生的毒素污染的食物会给人体健康带来严重威胁,并造成巨大的经济损失。近年来,金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)作为一种新型的多孔晶体材料,因其具有大的表面积、高的孔隙率等特点,受到人们的广泛关注。将MOFs与生物传感器结合用于食源性致病菌或毒素的检测引起了研究者的兴趣。基于此,本文介绍了MOFs用于生物传感器的优势,概述了MOFs在不同的电化学和光学生物传感器的应用,综述了基于MOFs的生物传感器在致病菌或毒素的研究进展,讨论了基于MOFs的生物传感器在致病菌或毒素所面临的挑战和展望。 相似文献
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黄曲霉毒素电化学生物传感器 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
黄曲霉毒素(aflatoxin,AF)是一种具有强烈毒性和强致癌性的生物毒素,对其进行快速而准确的分析是减小和避免黄曲霉毒素危害的最有效手段之一。电化学生物传感器因其快速、灵敏、特异性强、易于微型化等优势在黄曲霉毒素分析受到国内外研究者的广泛关注。目前,应用于黄曲霉毒素分析的电化学生物传感器主要有免疫传感器、酶传感器和DNA传感器。本文综述了不同传感器的研究现状,特别介绍了新材料新技术在黄曲霉毒素免疫分析中发挥的重要作用,并对黄曲霉毒素的电化学生物传感分析存在的问题和发展前景进行了探讨及展望。 相似文献
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赭曲霉毒素(Ochratoxin)是一类主要由曲霉菌和青霉菌产生的次生代谢产物,其中赭曲霉毒素A(OTA)的毒性最强。OTA相当稳定,常规的食品加工难以去除,若摄入受OTA污染的食品或药物会对人类造成严重的危害。实现对OTA的灵敏和快速检测是及早发现和处置OTA污染的关键。近年来,核酸适配体因其独特的优点,被作为抗体的替代物用于构建OTA电化学生物传感器。本文介绍了经典的OTA检测方法和基于适配体的电化学生物传感检测方法,从OTA电化学适配体传感器的适配体优化、新型材料应用以及生物信号放大技术的应用等三个方面总结了该生物传感技术的研究现状,并对其未来的发展进行了展望 相似文献
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基于金磁微粒(GoldMag particles)的磁性分离富集性能与良好的生物相容性,直接在金磁微粒表面吸附固定相思子毒素多抗制备捕获探针,以三联吡啶钌标记相思子毒素单抗作为电化学发光探针,两者与相思子毒素发生特异性免疫反应形成夹心复合物,成功建立了一种简单、快速、灵敏的相思子毒素电化学发光免疫检测方法。利用此方法检测相思子毒素,其浓度在0.2~1 500μg/L范围内与电化学发光强度成良好的对数线性关系,检出限为0.2μg/L。与生物素-亲和素固定法相比,该法的检出限相当,其线性范围更宽、操作更简化,具有通用性,可以此为基础发展生物毒素及其它蛋白的检测方法,用于临床诊断、环境监测及生物防护等领域。 相似文献
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Ⅱ型核糖体失活蛋白(RIPs)是一类重要的蛋白毒素,该类毒素大都具有一对二硫键连接的A-B链结构特征,B链具有半乳糖结合特性,能够与真核细胞膜表面受体特异性结合,将具有N-糖苷酶活性的A链导入细胞,与核糖体特定位点发生脱嘌呤作用使核糖体失活,最终通过抑制蛋白质合成而展现出细胞毒性。Ⅱ型RIPs毒素毒性极强,来源于植物的蓖麻毒素(ricin)和相思子毒素(abrin)的毒性分别是神经性毒剂维埃克斯(Vx)的385倍和2885倍。同时,该类毒素来源广泛、易于制备、稳定性好,成为一类潜在化生恐怖战剂,受到国内外广泛关注,其中蓖麻毒素作为唯一的蛋白毒素被收录于禁止化学武器公约禁控清单。近年来发生的多次蓖麻毒素邮件恐怖事件,进一步促进了有关Ⅱ型RIPs毒素的准确、灵敏、快速的检测鉴定技术的发展。剧毒性Ⅱ型RIPs毒素的检测鉴定方法主要涉及免疫分析法为代表的特异性识别和生物质谱分析为主的定性定量检测方法,以及基于脱嘌呤反应活性和细胞毒性的毒素活性检测方法。基于抗原-抗体作用的免疫检测法及基于寡核苷酸适配体的特异性识别检测法具有速度快、灵敏度高的优势,但对于复杂样品中高度同源蛋白的检测,易产生假阳性结果。随着生物质谱技术的快速发展,电喷雾离化(ESI)或基质辅助激光解吸离化(MALDI)等技术广泛应用于蛋白质的准确鉴定,不仅能够提供蛋白毒素的准确分子量和结构序列信息,而且能够实现准确定量。酶解质谱法是应用最为广泛的检测鉴定方法,通过酶解肽指纹谱分析,实现蛋白毒素的准确鉴定;对于复杂样品中蛋白毒素的分析,通过多种蛋白酶酶解策略获得丰富的特异性肽段标志物,然后进行肽段标志物的靶向质谱分析从而获得准确的定性及定量信息,方法有效提升了Ⅱ型RIPs毒素鉴定的准确度和灵敏度。免疫分析法和生物质谱法能够准确鉴定Ⅱ型RIPs毒素,但无法识别毒素是否还保持毒性。对于Ⅱ型RIPs毒素的活性分析,主要包括基于N-糖苷酶活性的脱嘌呤反应测定法和细胞毒性测定法,两种方法均可实现毒素毒性的简便、快速、灵敏的分析检测,是Ⅱ型RIPs毒素检测方法的有效补充。由于该类毒素的高度敏感性,国际禁止化学武器组织(OPCW)对相关样品中Ⅱ型RIPs毒素的分析提出了唯一性鉴定的技术要求。该文引用了Ⅱ型RIPs毒素及其检测方法相关的70篇文献,综述了以上Ⅱ型RIPs毒素的结构性质、中毒机理及典型剧毒性Ⅱ型RIPs毒素检测方法的研究进展,对不同检测方法的特点和应用潜力进行了总结,并结合OPCW对Ⅱ型RIPs毒素唯一性鉴定的技术需求,展望了未来Ⅱ型RIPs毒素检测技术研究的发展趋势。 相似文献
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The frequency of occurrence and intensity of harmful algal blooms (HABs) appear to be increasing on a global scale. Consequently,
methods were established for the evaluation of possible hazards caused by the enrichment of algal toxins in the marine food
chain. Different clinical types of algae-related poisoning have attracted scientific attention: paralytic shellfish poisoning
(PSP), diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP), and amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP). In several countries fish specialties
are consumed which may be contaminated with algal toxins typical for the respective region (e.g., ciguatera and tetrodotoxins).
Bioassays are common methods for the determination of marine biotoxins. However, biological tests are not completely satisfactory,
due to the low sensitivity and the absence of specialized variations. Moreover, there is growing resistance against the use
of animal experiments. Therefore, many efforts have been made to determine algal toxins with chemical methods. In this context
LC-MS methods replaced HPLC methods with optical detectors, allowing both effective seafood control and monitoring of phytoplankton
in terms of the different groups of marine biotoxins. 相似文献
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Loredana Annunziata Rosaria Aloia Giampiero Scortichini Pierina Visciano 《Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS》2023,58(10):e4963
In the present study, 334 samples of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) harvested along the coasts of the Central Adriatic Sea during the years 2020–2021 were analyzed for the presence of lipophilic marine biotoxins according to the European Harmonized Standard Operating Procedure. The results showed that 74 (22%) and 84 (25%) samples were positive to okadaic acid and yessotoxin groups, respectively. Among them, only 11 (3.3%) samples resulted as non-compliant, as they exceeded the maximum limits (160 μg okadaic acid equivalent/kg) established by the Regulation (EC) 853/2004. The method applied in this study was able to detect and quantify lipophilic marine biotoxins concentrations, in order to monitor their presence in molluscs and avoid the risk of consumer exposure. 相似文献
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Screening for multiple classes of marine biotoxins by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marine biotoxins pose a significant food safety risk when bioaccumulated in shellfish, and adequate testing for biotoxins
in shellfish is required to ensure public safety and long-term viability of commercial shellfish markets. This report describes
the use of a benchtop Orbitrap system for liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) screening of multiple classes of
biotoxins commonly found in shellfish. Lipophilic toxins such as dinophysistoxins, pectenotoxins, and azaspiracids were separated
by reversed phase LC in less than 7 min prior to MS data acquisition at 2 Hz with alternating positive and negative scans.
This approach resulted in mass accuracy for analytes detected in positive mode (gymnodimine, 13-desmethyl spirolide C, pectenotoxin-2,
and azaspiracid-1, -2, and -3) of less than 1 ppm, while those analytes detected in negative mode (yessotoxin, okadaic acid,
and dinophysistoxin-1 and -2) exhibited mass errors between 2 and 4 ppm. Hydrophilic toxins such as domoic acid, saxitoxin,
and gonyautoxins were separated by hydrophilic interaction LC (HILIC) in less than 4 min, and MS data was collected at 1 Hz
in positive mode, yielding mass accuracy of less than 1 ppm error at a resolving power of 100,000 for the analytes studied
(m/z 300–500). Data were processed by extracting 5 ppm mass windows centered around the calculated masses of the analytes. Limits
of detection (LOD) for the lipophilic toxins ranged from 0.041 to 0.10 μg/L (parts per billion) for the positive ions, 1.6–5.1 μg/L
for those detected in negative mode, while the domoic acid and paralytic shellfish toxins yielded LODs ranging from 3.4 to
14 μg/L. Toxins were detected in mussel tissue extracts free of interference in all cases. 相似文献
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A method is described for the qualitative and semi-quantitative simultaneous determination of both non-macrocyclic and macrocyclic trichothecene biotoxins from samples derived from indoor environments. The method includes extraction, sample pre-treatment and reversed-phase HPLC separation followed by tandem mass spectrometric identification and quantification using electrospray ionization on a quadrupole ion trap mass analyser. Aqueous methanol was used in the initial extraction and solvent partitioning and solid-phase extraction in the purification of samples. The HPLC separation was run on-line with electrospray ionization MS-MS detection. The detection limits and recoveries of the procedure varied from 1 to 1000 pg and from 31 to 92%, respectively. As the method includes few and not very labour intensive sample treatment steps, it should allow for a high throughput of samples with good prospects of automation. 相似文献
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Ciminiello P Dell'Aversano C Fattoruss E Forino M Magno S Poletti R 《Journal of chromatography. A》2002,968(1-2):61-69
A liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method is proposed for the sensitive, specific and direct detection of yessotoxin and its analogues, marine biotoxins which are associated with diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) and which have been found in the North Adriatic sea since 1995. The LC-MS method provided a detection limit of 70 pg for yessotoxin in full scan mode and was applied to determine the toxic profiles of a number of extracts or partially purified fractions of toxic mussels collected along the Emilia Romagna coasts (Italy) in the period 1995-1999. Detection of a desulfo-yessotoxin derivative from Mytilus galloprovincialis collected in 1998 is also reported. 相似文献
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Patrizia Ciminiello Carmela Dell'Aversano Martino Forino Paola Di Meglio Roberto Poletti 《Tetrahedron》2004,60(33):7093-7098
A detailed analysis of toxic shellfish collected in the Adriatic sea in October 2000 allowed us to isolate a new cytotoxic chlorosulfolipid (3). Its gross structure has been elucidated through an extensive NMR analysis including various 2D techniques; the relative stereochemistry has been solved by applying the Murata's method. Compound 3 showed to posses cytotoxic activity against WEHI 164 and J774 cells. The presence of chlorosulfolipids in toxic mussels from the northern Adriatic sea has not to be considered incidental as we have been detecting these cytotoxic compounds since 1998. Their simultaneous and constant presence together with typical marine biotoxins represents a further risk both to consumers' health and aquacultures economic proceeds. 相似文献
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Katrina Campbell Natalia VilariñoLuis M. Botana Christopher T. Elliott 《Trends in analytical chemistry : TRAC》2011,30(2):239-253
This review considers the ethical and technical problems currently associated with employing mouse bioassays for marine-toxin analysis and the challenges and the difficulties that alternative methods must overcome before being deemed applicable for implementation into a regulatory monitoring regime. We discuss proposed alternative methods, classified as functional, immunological and analytical, for well-established European toxins as well as emerging toxins in European waters, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. We also consider emerging tools and technologies for future toxin analysis.Even though regulatory bodies have recently recommended analytical methods for a number of toxins, there is still scope for functional and immunological methods in rapid screening and detecting emerging toxins. Future developments foreseen in the analysis of marine biotoxins are multiplex-based analysis, miniaturization and portability for on-site testing. However, the longstanding lack of reference materials and standards continues to pose a severe limitation on progress in development, validation and therefore implementation of any alternative method based on the criteria stipulated by European Union legislation. 相似文献
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