层状无机化合物--磷酸锆的研究和应用进展

简要概述层状无机化合物的物理和化学性质,以及层状磷酸锆的结构特点和性质,对近年来层状磷酸锆在光、电、催化、分子识别等领域的研究和应用进行了综述,并展望了层状磷酸锆的研究前景.     

看不见的建筑──空旷骨架无机化合物

空旷骨架无机化合物可以看作是一类微观建筑。它们均含有周期性排列且分布十分均匀的孔道或孔穴。这些孔道（穴）的直径介于０．２ｎｍ和１５ｎｍ之间。空旷架化合物的骨架结构由相应的结构基元搭构而成。结构基元为ＴＸ配位多面体，Ｔ代表Ｂｅ，Ｂ，ＡＬ，Ｉｎ，ＳＩ，Ｇｅ，Ｓｎ，Ｐ，Ａｓ，Ｚｎ，ＣＯ等元素。Ｘ代表Ｏ和Ｓ或Ｓｅ，ｎ＝３－６。很多其它元素还可以对Ｔ元素进行同晶取代。空旷骨架无机物可用作择形催剂及纳米粒子的     

钆基低温磁制冷无机化合物的研究进展

简要介绍了磁制冷的基本原理、表征及磁热效应的影响因素,综述了近期钆基无机化合物磁致冷剂的研究进展。近年来通过将碳酸根、硫酸根、磷酸根、氢氧根、卤素离子等相继引入钆基化合物,得到了一系列在超低温范围内具有高的磁熵变的钆基无机化合物,通过对这些钆基无机框架化合物的总结和讨论,探究了这类磁致冷材料的发展趋势。     

Mn-SOD模拟物及其在神经退行性疾病中的药用前景

本文通过分析神经退行性疾病与线粒体机能障碍、自由基损伤的关系,主要讨论了Mn-SOD模拟物作为自由基清除剂对活性氧化合物的清除机理、药用优势,并总结了近年来有关Mn-SOD模拟物在神经退行性疾病防治方面的研究近况及潜在应用前景。     

使用程序升温还原方法认识无机化合物的氧化还原行为——面向拔尖计划学生的综合实验

元素化学是无机化学教学的重要组成部分。通过实验的方法研究元素及其无机化合物的性质和反应规律,可以使传统的描述性教学成为易于形象理解和深入掌握的立体化教学。本实验包含简单无机化合物的合成制备以及运用程序升温还原技术(TPR)考查所制备的材料的氧化还原性质两部分内容。程序升温还原方法可以非常直观地反映出样品的还原过程,并可以给出样品还原能力强弱(峰的位置,用于定性考查)、还原物种种类和数目(峰的数目、强弱,用于定量考查),以及各组分之间的相互作用的信息。程序升温还原技术操作简便、易实行,可在高校化学实验教学中推广使用。     

钒化合物药用研究前景展望

本文针对钒化合物在药用研究中的挑战,结合国内外在相关领域的主要进展,从其作用机制的化学基础出发,分析了钒化合物可能的作用物种以及钒化合物所诱导产生的活性氧物种在其生物效应中的作用;同时,从疾病之间的相互联系,探讨了如何有效利用钒化合物生物效应的特点,并进一步指出钒化合物在药用研究中的前景及未来的研究策略.     

稀土药用研究的动向和问题

人们对稀土药用的兴趣普遍增加.最近Chemical Society Reviews在2006年第6期刊登了镧系元素药用研究专刊,专门介绍稀土药用研究的现状.针对该专刊和稀土药用研究的现状,作者讨论了稀土化合物药用研究的发展动向,特别讨论了需要解决的关键基础问题.从新药研究模式的转变得到启发,提出如何把负面生物效应转化为药理作用,如何从干预细胞信号网络入手进行研究,如何处理活性与毒副作用的关系,以及药物合理设计的策略等.     

稀土药用研究的动向和问题

人们对稀土药用的兴趣普遍增加.最近Chemical Society Reviews在2006年第6期刊登了镧系元素药用研究专刊,专门介绍稀土药用研究的现状.针对该专刊和稀土药用研究的现状,作者讨论了稀土化合物药用研究的发展动向,特别讨论了需要解决的关键基础问题.从新药研究模式的转变得到启发,提出如何把负面生物效应转化为药理作用,如何从干预细胞信号网络入手进行研究,如何处理活性与毒副作用的关系,以及药物合理设计的策略等.     

化学发光分析法应用进展

对近年来化学发光分析法的研究应用最新进展作了评述，包括化学发光试剂的类型，化学发光在无机、有机及药物分析中的应用，全文引用文献105篇。     

稀土药用研究的动向和问题

人们对稀土药用的兴趣普遍增加。最近Chemical Society Reviews在2006年第6期刊登了镧系元素药用研究专刊,专门介绍稀土药用研究的现状。针对该专刊和稀土药用研究的现状,作者讨论了稀土化合物药用研究的发展动向,特别讨论了需要解决的关键基础问题。从新药研究模式的转变得到启发,提出如何把负面生物效应转化为药理作用,如何从干预细胞信号网络入手进行研究,如何处理活性与毒副作用的关系,以及药物合理设计的策略等。     

Inorganic Clusters in Organic Polymers and the Use of Polyfunctional Inorganic Compounds as Polymerization Initiators

Summary.   Silicon oxide or metal oxide clusters or small particles with polymerizable organic groups covalently bonded to their surface can be copolymerized with organic monomers by various polymerization techniques. Whereas the preparation and properties of the polymers reinforced by R ₈Si₈O₁₂ have already been well investigated, analogous materials with incorporated transition metal oxide clusters are only beginning to show their potential as an interesting new class of inorganic-organic hybrid polymers. In the second part of the article, approaches are reviewed in which the inorganic building block serves as an initiator for polymerization reactions. This results in materials in which the organic polymer is grafted from an inorganic core. Most work has been done with surface-modified silica particles. Free radical polymerizations and atom transfer radical polymerizations with macroinitiators are summarized. The latter method results in polymeric particles in which an inorganic core is surrounded by an organic polymer shell. A new approach is the use of polyfunctional inorganic molecules or molecular clusters as initiators. Received July 28, 2000. Accepted August 7, 2000     

Excited-State Raman Spectroscopy of Inorganic Compounds

Abstract— Raman spectra of inorganic complexes in excited electronic states are discussed. A brief overview of the field of transient Raman spectroscopy and experimental considerations are presented. Two examples from the author's laboratory are used to illustrate the type of information that can be obtained. The first example, an excited-state Raman spectroscopic study of K₃[Mn(CN)₅NO], is chosen because it illustrates the connections between excited-state molecular structure and vibrational properties. The pump pulse causes a change from a linear sp-hybridized NO containing a triple bond to a bent sp²-hybridized NO containing a double bond. Both the NO stretch and normal modes involving other ligands are measured and interpreted. The second example is chosen to illustrate the vibrational consequences of photoinduced electron transfer. The Raman spectra of W(CO)₄(diimine) complexes (diimine = 2,2'-bipyridine, 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine, and isopropyl-pyridine-2-carbaldehyde imine) in the lowest tungsten to diimine charge transfer excited state are discussed. The excited-state peaks are assigned to ligand ring deformation modes and to carbonyl stretching modes. The totally symmetric cis -carbonyl stretching mode in the charge transfer excited state is about 50 cm' higher in energy than that of the molecule in the ground electronic state. The increase is interpreted in terms of loss of metal-car-bonyl back-bonding in the charge transfer excited state. Finally, a summary of the field's strengths and difficulties and a brief discussion of the future perspectives are presented.     

从细胞无机化学的角度看镧系元素化合物作为诊疗药物的安全性问题

近几年来，在稀土农用安全性的争议尚未彻底解决之际，其作为诊疗药物使用的安全性问题又成为研究的焦点。本文从细胞无机化学的角度，提出了其中几个关键问题，并从下面几方面进行了分析讨论。第一，生物体系中的固相形成和沉积问题。因为在研究稀土的生物效应以及解释其有关临床病理表现时，均会涉及到难溶化合物的形成、转化以及分布和调控；第二，在正常和病理条件下，稀土化合物的吸收、排出与积累问题，尤其是稀土跨血-组织屏障的问题，这也是关于稀土是否产生毒性的争论焦点；第三，从相似/相异性规律出发, 探讨了稀土元素引起生物效应的共性和特性；第四，讨论了稀土化合物促进细胞增殖凋亡的信号转导机制以及所引发的问题。并在此基础上，提出了在细胞层次研究金属离子及配合物的生物效应时所面临的关键问题。     

无机层状纳米材料与聚苯胺的复合研究

聚苯胺被认为是最有希望在实际中得到广泛应用的导电聚合物，通过与无机层状纳米材料的复合改性，其复合物在二次电池电解质、光电转换、热电、磁电、电致流变等新材料领域显示出诱人前景。本文对无机层状材料与聚苯胺的复合方法、复合物性质及其应用前景进行了评述。     

Electrode Reactions Involving Arsenic and Its Inorganic Compounds

The available information on the electrochemical properties of arsenic and its inorganic compounds is generalized. Processes of practical value are considered. These include the formation of free arsenic from solutions as a solid phase in the form of powder or galvanic coatings; the synthesis of arsine, arsenic acid, and arsenates; and use of electrochemical techniques for the waste water purification.     

Liquid Extraction of Inorganic Acids with α-Aminophosphoryl Compounds

Liquid extraction of inorganic acids, such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, and nitric, with four α-aminophosphonates with different-size hydrocarbon substituents in the aminomethylphosphoryl skeleton was studied. The extraction effectiveness increases with increasing number of carbon atoms in the molecules of organophosphorus extractants, that is with increase in their lipophilicity, and is also affected by the hydration enthalpy of the inorganic acid anion. The extractive ability of phosphorylated amines is 3–4 orders of magnitude lower compared with corresponding amines, on account of the fact that the basicity of the former is decreased by the electron-acceptor phosphoryl group. The absence of satisfactory linear two- and three-parameter correlations between the extraction constants and the number of carbon atoms in and the basicity of phosphorylated amines is evidently connected with the disregard for other structural and medium factors that may influence the extraction coefficients.__________Translated from Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, Vol. 75, No. 7, 2005, pp. 1118–1121.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Garifzyanov, Zakharov, Cherkasov.     

“Second Organized Structures” of Nanoscale Inorganic Polyoxomolybdate Compounds

Growth of polyoxomolybdate (POM) clusters and the main role of pentagonal {(Mo)Mo₅}-type building blocks in the construction principle for nanoscale inorganic polyoxomolybdate compounds were introduced. The peculiar self-assembly of the nanoscale inorganic ions in aqueous solutions was reviewed. The concepts of “second organized structures” of nanoscale inorganic molybdenum compounds and the mixtures of POMs/surfactants were proposed.     

Membrane Transport of Inorganic Acids with α- Aminophosphoryl Compounds

Transport of some inorganic acids (HCl, HBr, HClO₄, HNO₃, H₂SO₄, and H₂PO₄) through hydrophobic impregnated membranes with aminophosphoryl compounds of the general formula R ₂ ¹ P(O)CH₂ ⋅ NR²R³ [R¹ = C₄H₉(C₂H₅)CHCH₂O, R² = C₄H₉, R³ = C₈H₁₇; R¹ = R³ = C₈H₁₇, R² = H; R¹ = C₁₀H₂, R² = R³ = C₂H₅; R¹ = C₁₀H₂₁, R² + R³ = (CH₂)₂O(CH₂)₂; R¹ = C₈H₁₇, R² = H, R³ = 2-quinolyl] and dodecylamine as carriers was studied. The membrane phases were solutions of the carriers in phenylcyclohexane and tridecane. General regularities that correlate the structure of an aminophosphoryl compounds to its transport properties toward inorganic acids were established. The largest flows are characteristic of perchloric, nitric, and hydrobromic acids.__________Translated from Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, Vol. 75, No. 4, 2005, pp. 575–578.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Garifzyanov, Shirshova, Cherkasov.     

Modeling of Ionic Conductivity in Inorganic Compounds with Multivalent Cations

Russian Journal of Electrochemistry - This work is dedicated to search for promising ion-conducting crystals by using of high-throughput computer screening of the ICSD database of inorganic...     

Iteration Methods for Calculating Physicochemical Properties of Molecular Inorganic Compounds

Iteration schemes for highly reliable prediction of physicochemical properties of molecular inorganic compounds were proposed.