NO与Au_nMg~(-1)、Au_n~(-1)(n=1-8)的相互作用的密度泛函理论研究

本文采用密度泛函理论对NO在阴离子团簇Au_nMg~(-1)、 Au_n~(-1)(n=1-8)表面的吸附做了系统研究.结果表明,团簇Au_nMgNO~(-1)、 Au_nNO~(-1)的基态与亚稳定结构是在团簇Au_nMg~(-1)、 Au_n~(-1)最低能量结构的基础上吸附NO形成, NO的吸附没有改变团簇Au_nMg~(-1)、 Au_n~(-1)的最低能量结构;吸附后的NO键长变长,表明NO分子被活化,此外吸附后的NO均带负电;计算表明团簇Au_nMgNO~(-1)、 Au_nNO~(-1)吸附能都具有奇偶振荡的现象,取值相同时, Au_nMgNO~(-1)的吸附能较低,表明团簇Au_nNO~(-1)掺杂Mg后稳定性降低; HOMO-LOMO能隙结果表明AuMgNO~(-1)活性最低,总体上Au_nNO~(-1)掺杂Mg原子后团簇的化学活性降低.     

团簇Aun+1-1、AunCr-1 (n=1-10)吸附CO的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论对CO在阴离子团簇Aun+1-1、AunCr-1(n=1-10))表面的吸附做了系统研究.结果表明,团簇Aun+1CO-1、AunCrCO-1的基态结构是在团簇Aun+1-1、AunCr-1最低能量结构的基础上吸附CO形成; 吸附后的CO键长变长,振动频率减小,表明CO分子被活化;取值相同时,AunCrCO-1的平均结合能高,表明团簇Aun+1CO-1掺杂Cr后稳定性升高.HOMO-LOMO能隙结果表明Aun+1CO-1替代掺杂Cr原子后团簇的化学活性得到了提升,AunCrCO-1、Aun+1CO-1团簇能隙具有奇偶振荡的现象;轨道电荷分析表明CO与团簇相互作用实质是C原子与成键Au原子或Cr原子间转移电荷,CO在与团簇相互作用过程中O原子轨道电荷分布几乎没有发生变化.     

密度泛函理论研究Run和RunAu(n=1-12)团簇的结构和电子性质

采用密度泛函理论中的广义梯度近似(GGA) 对 Ru_n Au和Ru_n 团簇的几何构型进行优化,并对能量、频率、电子性质和磁性质进行了计算. 结果表明,Ru_n Au团簇的最低能量结构可以通过Au原子代替Ru_n+1团簇中的Ru原子生长而成.除了局域的结构畸变,Ru_n Au和Ru_n+1团簇具有相似的几何结构.二阶能量差分、电离势、亲和势和分裂能表明Ru₅, Ru₈, Ru₅Au, Ru₈Au 是稳定的团簇,Au的掺杂没有改变Ru_n 的相对稳定性.通过电子性质的分析发现,当Au原子掺杂在Ru_n 中,团簇的化学活性增加,且团簇的能隙主要由电子的配对效应决定;对于大多数团簇来说,Au原子掺杂提高了Ru_n Au的磁矩. 关键词： n Au和Ru_n 团簇')" href="#">Ru_n Au和Ru_n 团簇 几何结构 电子性质     

密度泛函理论研究MgnOn(n=2—8)团簇的结构和电子性质

采用密度泛函理论中的广义梯度近似对MgnOn(n=2-8)团簇的几何构型进行优化,并对能量、频率和电子性质进行了计算.结果表明,当n=2,3时,团簇的最低能量结构是平面结构;当n≥4时.团簇的最低能量结构可以看成是由Mg2O2和Mg3O3单元组成的三维结构.O-Mg-O的钝角和较多的电荷转移对团簇的稳定性起着重要的作用.随着团簇尺寸的增大,转移的电荷逐渐增加,转移的电荷量有达到块体中电荷值的趋势.团簇的垂直电离势、亲和势和最高已占据轨道与最低未占据轨道的能隙表明,Mg3O3和Mg6O6是稳定的团簇.     

Bn-1Li(n=2~13)掺杂团簇的几何结构和电子性质

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法得到了Bn-1Li (n=2~13)小团簇的平衡几何结构. 计算并分析了基态掺杂团簇的平均结合能、能量二阶差分、能级间隙、电离势、振动光谱和极化率. 结果表明：Li原子总是处于主团簇的外围以配位数最少的方式与主团簇结合,有的甚至是吸附在主团簇上面. 随着锂原子所占百分比的降低,掺杂团簇的稳定性迅速提高. 高浓度的掺杂(Li, B比为1：1或1：2)可以大幅度提高团簇的化学活性和金属性,但同时会降低其稳定性. B3Li和B5Li是幻数团簇.     

Bn-1Li(n=2~13)掺杂团簇的几何结构和电子性质

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法得到了Bn-1Li (n=2～13)小团簇的平衡几何结构.计算并分析了基态掺杂团簇的平均结合能、能量二阶差分、能级间隙、电离势、振动光谱和极化率.结果表明Li原子总是处于主团簇的外围并且以配位数最少的方式与主团簇结合,有的甚至是吸附在主团簇上面.随着锂原子所占百分比的降低,掺杂团簇的稳定性迅速提高.高浓度的掺杂(Li,B比为1∶1或1∶2)可以大幅度提高团簇的化学活性和金属性,但同时会降低其稳定性.B3Li和B5Li是幻数团簇.     

Mg_n~-,AlMg_(n-1)(n=2～13)团簇结构和电子性质的密度泛函理论研究

本文从第一性原理出发,利用密度泛函理论的B3PW91方法,在6-311G水平上对Mg-n,AlMgn-1(n=2～13)团簇进行了几何结构优化和频率分析,并对团簇的平均结合能,二阶能量差分,劈裂能等进行了计算.结果表明:与Mgn团簇相比,带负电Mg-n团簇的最低能量结构整体(除n=6,8,11)变化不大.Al原子的掺杂对Mgn(n=2～13)团簇的最低能量结构没有太大影响,Mgn,AlMgn-1团簇有类似的结构生长方式.带一个负电和掺杂一个Al原子均能使Mgn团簇的平均结合能增大,稳定性增强.并发现Mg-n(n=2～13)团簇在n=4,9时比较稳定,在n=11时稳定性较差,与实验结果一致;而等电子的AlMgn-1团簇在n=4,7,9时比较稳定.     

NO在Yn(n=1–12)团簇表面的解离性吸附

采用基于密度泛函理论中的广义梯度近似,在考虑自旋多重度的情况下,对Y_nNO（n=1–12）团簇进行了构型优化,以及稳定性和成键特性分析,结果表明：n=5,7,8,10时,NO吸附使相应的Y_n团簇基态结构发生了明显变化,吸附后,所有尺寸中的N–O键长明显伸长,振动频率减弱,表明NO在Y_n团簇表面发生的是解离性吸附,N–Y,O–Y键的共同作用使Y_nNO团簇具有很大的吸附能;特别是n=3,5,8时,N–O键断裂,吸附能值分别为9.92,9.24,9.82 eV. Y_nNO和Y_n 的二阶能量差分变化趋势表明,NO 吸附对Y_n团簇稳定性和成键特性均产生较大影响. N,O原子sp³轨道杂化时孤对电子的出现导致N–O键断裂,增强了N–Y和O–Y间的成键能力,使Y₃NO,Y₅NO,Y₈NO团簇表现出了很好的稳定性. 关键词： 团簇 NO吸附 基态结构 稳定性     

第一性原理对NaBen(n=1—12)团簇最低能量结构及其电子性质的研究

从第一性原理出发对NaBe_n(n=1—12)团簇的最低能量结构和电子性质进行了研究.结果表明，掺杂原子(Na)导致主团簇Be_n的几何结构发生显著变化；出现了共价键和金属键的成键特性；Na-Be最近邻间距和能隙随着团簇尺寸的增加出现了振荡;n=4是团簇的幻数. 关键词： n团簇')" href="#">NaBe_n团簇 最低能量结构 电子性质     

Mg_2Si_n(n=1～9)团簇结构、稳定性与光谱性质的密度泛函理论研究

运用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法,在6-311G(d)基组的水平上对Mg2Sin(n=1~9)团簇的多种可能几何构型进行了结构优化,获得了各个尺寸下团簇的最低能量结构,随后对最低能量构型的稳定性、红外光谱与拉曼光谱性质进行了理论研究。结果发现:当n≥3时,Mg2Sin团簇的基态构型均为立体结构;Mg原子的掺入提高了体系的化学活性;Mg2Si4与Mg2Si6是幻数结构;在相同的观察频段内,Mg2Si4团簇的红外光谱只有一个强振动峰,拉曼光谱强振动峰的个数较多且位于高频段内,其拉曼活性较强,与之相反,Mg2Si6团簇的红外光谱强振动峰个数较多,而拉曼光谱强振动峰则只有一个,表明其红外活性较强。     

密度泛函理论研究CO与Nin（n=1—6）团簇的相互作用

采用密度泛函理论对CO吸附在镍团簇表面进行了系统研究.结果表明,Ni_nCO团簇的最低能量结构是在Ni_n团簇最低能量结构的基础上吸附CO生长而成,CO的吸附没有改变Ni_n团簇的结构;CO分子在Ni_n团簇表面发生的是非解离性吸附,与优化的CO键长（0.1138?nm）相比,吸附后C—O键长变长（0.1180—0.1214?nm）,表明吸附后C—O键被削弱,CO分子被活化.自然键轨道分析表明,CO分子只与最近邻的Ni原子发生相互作用;CO分子与Ni原子相互作用的本质是CO分子内的杂化轨道与Ni原子3d, 4s, 4p轨道相互作用的结果. 关键词： nCO团簇')" href="#">Ni_nCO团簇 n团簇')" href="#">Ni_n团簇 平衡结构 电子性质     

Aun(n=2,3,4)团簇与乙醇分子相互作用的第一性原理研究

利用密度泛函理论研究了Au_n(n=2,3,4)团簇与乙醇分子的吸附机理.研究结果表明:Au_n(n=2,3,4)团簇分别能够吸附1到n个乙醇分子,生成Au_n-(C₂H₆O)_1-n配合物;Au₄团簇吸附乙醇分子有多种构型,通过分析吸附能和Mulliken电荷分布,确定了4个乙醇分子的吸附顺序及相应的稳定构型;Au_n(n=3,4)团簇在吸附最后一个乙醇分子时改变了前面Au—O成键的作用模式,而是选择Au—H成键;作为吸附主体的金团簇和被吸附的乙醇分子在吸附前后构型变化都很少,它们之间的吸附作用为弱相互作用. 关键词： 金团簇 乙醇分子 密度泛函理论     

M2Al2(M=Au,Ag,Cu)混合小团簇的密度泛函研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法,利用小核实赝势LANL2DZ,优化了含重金属二元混合团簇M2Al2(M=Au,Ag,Cu)的稳定结构,并得出具有C2v(1A1)对称性的蝴蝶结构比平面构型更加稳定,其中团簇Au2Al2最稳定.计算了稳定结构的结合能、电离势、电子亲和能、最高占据轨道能级和最低空轨道能级及二者间的能隙,得出参杂团簇M2Al2比非参杂团簇M4(M=Au,Ag,Cu)更稳定的结论.     

密度泛函理论研究H2与Rhn（n=1—8）团簇的相互作用

采用密度泛函理论对H₂与Rh_n（n=1—8）团簇的相互作用进行了系统研究.结果表明, Rh_nH₂体系的最低能量结构是在Rh_n团簇最低能量结构的基础上吸附H原子生长而成.吸附H原子没有改变Rh_n团簇的结构, 键长是影响Rh_n和Rh_nH₂磁矩的主要因素.从优化后的几何结构可以看出吸附后的H₂发生断键,表明H₂分子发生了解离性吸附.当n≤5,H原子的吸附以桥位为主,当n≥6时,H原子开始出现空位吸附.H原子的吸附提高了Rh_n的稳定性和化学活性,较小的吸附能表明H原子易从Rh_nH₂中解离出来.二阶能量差分表明4是Rh_nH₂和Rh_n团簇的幻数. 关键词： nH₂和Rh_n团簇')" href="#">Rh_nH₂和Rh_n团簇 平衡结构 电子性质     

Structural, electronic and vibrational properties of indium oxide clusters

Geometric, electronic and vibrational properties of the most stable and energetically favourable configurations of indium oxide clusters In_mO_n (1≤m, n≤4) are investigated using density functional theory. The lowest energy geometries prefer the planar arrangement of the constituent atoms with a trend to maximize the number of ionic In-O bonds. Due to the charge transfer from In to O atoms, the electrostatic repulsion occurs between the atoms with the same kind of charge. The minimization of electrostatic repulsion and the maximization of In-O bond number compete between each other and determine the location of the isometric total energy. The most stable linear In-O-In-O structure of In₂O₂ cluster is attributed to the reduced electrostatic repulsive energy at the expense of In-O bond number, while the lowest energy rhombus-like structure of In₂O₃ cluster reflects the maximized number of In-O bonds. Furthermore, the vibrational frequencies of the lowest energy clusters are calculated and compared with the available experimental results. The energy gap and the charge density distribution for clusters with varying oxygen/indium ratio are also discussed.     

密度泛函理论研究Hg与Auqn(n=1—6, q=0,+1,-1) 团簇的相互作用

采用密度泛函理论中的广义梯度近似对Hg与小团簇Au ^q_n (n=1—6, q=0, +1, -1)的相互作用进行了系统研究. 结果表明,除Au₅^+,-团簇外,前线分子轨道理论可以成功预测大部分Au _n Hg ^q 复合物的最低能量结构. Au_n团簇对Hg的吸附受团簇尺寸大小和团簇所携带电荷的影 关键词： 密度泛函理论 汞 金团簇 吸附能     

铟团簇结构和电子性质的密度泛函研究

用密度泛函方法研究了In_n(n=2～7)团簇的稳定结构和电子性质.结果表明:自旋多重度对结构的影响不大;对于基态结构,n≤5时为平面结构,n≥6时为立体结构,n=6为结构转变点;平均结合能曲线随团簇尺寸增大逐渐平缓;能隙、结合能的二阶差分和电离势随团簇尺寸的变化趋势完全一致,均反映出In_4团簇的基态结构较为稳定,具有较强的非金属性.     

Structures of Pt clusters on graphene doped with nitrogen, boron, and silicon: a theoretical study

The structures of Pt clusters on nitrogen-,boron-,silicon-doped graphenes are theoretically studied using densityfunctional theory.These dopants(nitrogen,boron and silicon) each do not induce a local curvature in the graphene and the doped graphenes all retain their planar form.The formation energy of the silicon-graphene system is lower than those of the nitrogen-,boron-doped graphenes,indicating that the silicon atom is easier to incorporate into the graphene.All the substitutional impurities enhance the interaction between the Pt atom and the graphene.The adsorption energy of a Pt adsorbed on the silicon-doped graphene is much higher than those on the nitrogen-and boron-doped graphenes.The doped silicon atom can provide more charges to enhance the Pt-graphene interaction and the formation of Pt clusters each with a large size.The stable structures of Pt clusters on the doped-graphenes are dimeric,triangle and tetrahedron with the increase of the Pt coverage.Of all the studied structures,the tetrahedron is the most stable cluster which has the least influence on the planar surface of doped-graphene.     

Ab initio study of neutral (TiO2)n clusters and their interactions with water and transition metal atoms

We have systematically investigated the growth behavior and stability of small stoichiometric (TiO(2))(n) (n = 1-10) clusters as well as their structural, electronic and magnetic properties by using the first-principles plane wave pseudopotential method within density functional theory. In order to find out the ground state geometries, a large number of initial cluster structures for each n has been searched via total energy calculations. Generally, the ground state structures for the case of n = 1-9 clusters have at least one monovalent O atom, which only binds to a single Ti atom. However, the most stable structure of the n = 10 cluster does not have any monovalent O atom. On the other hand, Ti atoms are at least fourfold coordinated for the ground state structures for n ≥ 4 clusters. Our calculations have revealed that clusters prefer to form three-dimensional structures. Furthermore, all these stoichiometric clusters have nonmagnetic ground state. The formation energy and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) gap for the most stable structure of (TiO(2))(n) clusters for each n have also been calculated. The formation energy and hence the stability increases as the cluster size grows. In addition, the interactions between the ground state structure of the (TiO(2))(n) cluster and a single water molecule have been studied. The binding energy (E(b)) of the H(2)O molecule exhibits an oscillatory behavior with the size of the clusters. A single water molecule preferably binds to the cluster Ti atom through its oxygen atom, resulting an average binding energy of 1.1 eV. We have also reported the interaction of the selected clusters (n = 3, 4, 10) with multiple water molecules. We have found that additional water molecules lead to a decrease in the binding energy of these molecules to the (TiO(2))(n) clusters. Finally, the adsorption of transition metal (TM) atoms (V, Co and Pt) on the n = 10 cluster has been investigated for possible functionalization. All these elements interact strongly with this cluster, and a permanent magnetic moment is induced upon adsorption of Co and V atoms. We have observed gap localized TM states leading to significant HOMO-LUMO gap narrowing, which is essential to achieve visible light response for the efficient use of TiO(2) based materials. In this way, electronic and optical as well as magnetic properties of TiO(2) materials can be modulated by using the appropriate adsorbate atoms.