汽车玻璃贴膜的紫外、可见光谱特性

通过对汽车玻璃贴膜紫外、可见光谱特性的检验,发现不同品牌、不同功能的汽车贴膜的区别,同时也可辨别贴膜的真伪,贴膜谱图的比对检验,弥补了玻璃检验的不足,起到了提高交通物证中玻璃物证检验的价值。     

汽车贴膜上出现彩色条纹的机理研究

当戴上偏光眼镜看贴有车膜的汽车前挡风玻璃时会看到一系列彩色条纹,通过理论分析和实验验证,发现汽车贴膜能够产生彩色条纹的原因类似于正交偏振光路中各向异性晶体所产生的消光干涉。在车内观察时,自然光以近似布儒斯特角入射到前挡风玻璃后透射出的光为部分偏振光,此时前挡风玻璃相当于起偏器;车膜就是具有双折射特性的各向异性晶体,部分偏振光通过车膜后形成振动方向相互垂直的o光和e光;偏光眼镜相当于检偏器,o光和e光在检偏器透振方向上的分量相互干涉,当光程差为半个波长的奇数倍时形成与该波长相对应颜色的干涉亮条纹。由于太阳光为复色光,所以随着入射角的变化会产生一系列的彩色等倾干涉圆环。在车外观察时,与在车内观察时类似,主要区别是在贴膜与空气的界面处o光和e光发生反射后再先后通过贴膜和前挡风玻璃返回到车前方,这时用偏光眼镜观察时即可看到彩色干涉条纹。有时如果观察角度和位置合适时,即使不佩戴偏光眼镜也能看到较浅的彩色条纹,这主要是因为光2次通过前挡风玻璃,此时的前挡风玻璃既是起偏镜,又是检偏镜。     

微通道板电子透射膜的工作特性

利用静电贴膜技术在MCP输入面制备了4 nm厚Al2O3非晶态电子透射膜,此工艺不造成MCP通道壁内表面碳污染. 探讨了贴膜与气体辉光放电的关系,测量了MCP电子透射膜的电子透过特性和离子阻挡特性. 实验表明,4 nm厚Al2O3非晶态电子透射膜能有效地透过电子,阻止反馈离子.     

汽车车窗玻璃膜上出现超长亮线机理的探究

随着膜技术的发展，在汽车贴膜上的应用也越来越多，在生活中发现的奇特现象也越来越多^[1],在本文中，根据发现“透过车窗玻璃膜观察路灯时会出现一条超长的亮线”这一现象，进行机理上的初步探究。本文先进行初步分析：运用光学知识分析以及Matlab仿真分析推断可能的结构与机理——在光源到人眼这一光路中一定存在某一超细的细缝(丝)或光栅结构，接着实验验证了相关光学理论，并相继观察了别的光源，判断出是由于汽车膜中的特殊光栅结构导致的“超长亮线”这一现象，接着搜寻相关资料去找出汽车膜中这一特殊的结构，得出结论。     

光电子技术与器件 光电成像与器件

TN144 2005010470 微通道板电子透射膜的工作特性=Operating effectiveness of electron transmission film at the input of MCP[刊,中]／阎金良(烟台师范学院物理系．山东,烟台(264025))∥光子学报．-2004,33(2)．-164-166 利用静电贴膜技术在MCP输入面制备了4 nm厚 Al2O3非晶态电子透射膜．此工艺不造成MCP通道壁内表面碳污染。探讨了贴膜与气体辉光放电的关系,测量了 MCP电子透射膜的电子透过特性和离子阻挡特性。实验表明．4 nm厚Al2O3非晶态电子透射膜能有效地透过电子,阻止反馈离子。图4参6(严寒)     

车用小型液化天然气燃料罐及其关键技术研究

随着世界资源和环境问题的日益突出,以天然气作为汽车代用燃料的技术越来越受到人们的重视.液化天然气汽车(LNGV)是天然气汽车的一个重要发展方向,同时该技术对LNG燃料罐提出了更高的要求.本文对目前液化天然气汽车的发展现状、小型车用LNG燃料罐的结构、功能以及国内外LNG燃料罐的技术基础进行了总结,重点介绍了近年来世界车用天然气燃料罐的关键技术.     

手机屏幕保护膜的红外光谱分析

手机屏幕保护贴膜使用广泛,它们一般由基材、吸附层和硬化涂层三层结构组成.本文应用红外光谱分析,建立了手机保护膜的检测方法,并得到了典型样品的红外吸收光谱图,通过谱图分析了解了样品的成分信息.应用该方法,通过实际样品的检测,了解了目前手机保护膜的质量情况.     

高压覆膜制样X射线荧光光谱法测定土壤和水系沉积物中的氯研究

氯是化探样品分析中的重要元素,而X射线荧光光谱法是测定卤族元素的重要技术手段。已有研究表明,X射线荧光光谱法在测定氯时,同一样片中氯的测定值随重复测定次数的增加而逐渐增大或减小。采用高压覆膜制样技术制片,测定土壤和水系沉积物中的氯,氯（24～40 000 μg·g-1）校准曲线的相关系数明显改善,RMS（均方根）由未贴膜的0.009 63,改善为贴膜后的RMS 0.001 98。氯的检出限由未贴膜的30 μg·g-1,改善为贴膜后的21 μg·g-1。且高压覆膜制样,同一样片连续测定10次,还是10 d内隔天测定1次,氯的测定值都保持不变或略有下降。从抽真空时间,X光管应用功率,烘样和不烘样,氯元素存在形式等角度解释了氯的测定值随重复测定次数的增加而逐渐增大或略减小的原因。高压覆膜制样,样品表面的聚酯膜,可以阻止在抽真空过程中氯随水分向样片表面迁移扩散或分解损失。高压未覆膜的样片在测定过程中,因样片表面吸附了水及空气分子,因而随抽真空时间的增加及解吸附作用,真空度下降明显,氯的强度变化明显。而高压覆膜样片在测定过程中,真空度下降不明显,氯的测定值基本不变或略有下降。高压制样（1 600 kN）可以将不同类型的地质样品压制成型,高压覆膜制样技术,完全消除了粉尘效应,对下照射的X射线荧光光谱仪具有重要意义。测过的样片可以重复测定氯,标准样片可长期保存,避免了标准样品的浪费。用该方法可以准确测定土壤和水系沉积物中32个组分。该样品制备方法也适用于测定其他难以成型的样品及其荧光强度由于真空和长时间辐射而强度变化的元素分析。     

一种汽车防盗远程电子报警器

普通的汽车防盗报警器,是靠声光信号报警．当汽车停放地距车主较远时,就不易被车主发觉;此外,还造成噪声扰民．另一种防盗报警器是利用全球卫星定位系统（GPS）进行防盗,具有车辆定位、反劫报警和网络防盗等优秀功能,但防盗系统复杂,费用高昂,许多人难以承担．本文介绍一款价格低廉、又快速有效的新型远程汽车防盗电子报警器,     

“红外光幕”系统使任意汽车实现低价多点触控功能

尽管越来越多的汽车仪表板上出现了触摸屏控制设备,但基本与经济型汽车无缘。这一情况或许会得到改变。Continental发布了一套"红外光幕"(infrared curtain)系统,可以在任意汽车上实现价格低廉的多点触控功能。这一红外光幕系统的主要部件是一个方框,方框相邻的两边为一系列LED灯,另外两边则是一系列的光电二极管。     

Mechanisms of destruction of the partition foil of an electron gun,and methods of its protection,in the case of streamer breakdown of the discharge gap

In the practical use of electron-beam discharge lasers an important problem is that of their operating reliability. The weakest spot of an EBL is the electron-gun partition foil, and the main cause of its failure is the breakdown of the discharge gap. This paper reports investigations of the mechanisms that destroy the foil and propose for its protection a method that makes it possible to significantly increase the operating reliability of the EBL.Translated from Trudy Ordena Lenina Fizicheskogo Institute Im. P. N. Lebedeva, Vol. 116, pp. 202–208, 1980.     

Dynamics of phase formation in multilayer Ti-Al nanofilms upon heating

Structural transformations in multilayer Ti-Al films (layer thickness from 4 to 500 nm, number of layers up to 4440, total foil thickness ∼18 μm) upon slow heating have been studied by time-resolved synchrotron radiation diffraction. Some specific features of heterogeneous reactions and the sequence of phase formation in multilayer samples during the interaction of interaction between layer components have been determined as functions of the single layer thickness. Original Russian Text ? I.Yu. Yagubova, A.E. Grigoryan, A.S. Rogachev, M.R. Sharafutdinov, B.P. Tolochko, P.A. Tsygankov, A.N. Nosyrev, 2007, published in Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk. Seriya Fizicheskaya, 2007, Vol. 71, No. 2, pp. 278–279.     

Study of defect evolution by TEM with in situ ion irradiation and coordinated modeling

The paper describes a novel transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiment with in situ ion irradiation designed to improve and validate a computer model. TEM thin foils of molybdenum were irradiated in situ by 1?MeV Kr ions up to ～0.045 displacements per atom (dpa) at 80°C at three dose rates ?5?×?10^?6, 5?×?10^?5, and 5?×?10^?4?dpa/s – at the Argonne IVEM-Tandem Facility. The low-dose experiments produced visible defect structure in dislocation loops, allowing accurate, quantitative measurements of defect number density and size distribution. Weak beam dark-field plane-view images were used to obtain defect density and size distribution as functions of foil thickness, dose, and dose rate. Diffraction contrast electron tomography was performed to image defect clusters through the foil thickness and measure their depth distribution. A spatially dependent cluster dynamic model was developed explicitly to model the damage by 1?MeV Kr ion irradiation in an Mo thin foil with temporal and spatial dependence of defect distribution. The set of quantitative data of visible defects was used to improve and validate the computer model. It was shown that the thin foil thickness is an important variable in determining the defect distribution. This additional spatial dimension allowed direct comparison between the model and experiments of defect structures. The defect loss to the surfaces in an irradiated thin foil was modeled successfully. TEM with in situ ion irradiation of Mo thin foils was also explicitly designed to compare with neutron irradiation data of the identical material that will be used to validate the model developed for thin foils.     

Experimental investigation of heat transfer in a rivulet on the inclined foil

Heat transfer at rivulet water flow over the constantan foil with the length of 80 mm, width of 35 mm, and thickness of 25 mm was studied experimentally. The foil surface temperature was measured by an IR-scanner. Distributions of heat flux density on the surface of the foil, where the liquid flowed, were obtained. To determine the heat flux density from the foil to liquid near the contact line, the Cauchy problem was solved for the stationary heat equation using the thermographic data. Calculation results showed that the maximal heat flux occurs in the area of the contact line and exceeds the average heat flux from the entire foil surface by several times. This is explained by the influx of heat from the periphery of foil to the rivulet due to the relatively high value of heat conductivity coefficient of the foil material and high evaporation rate in the region of the contact line.     

Study of the properties of the operation of an end-type plasma accelerator initiated by electric foil detonation

The results of experimental study of an end-type high-current pulsed plasma accelerator initiated by electric foil detonation are presented. The development stages of the process and formation of the flow pinch are examined during accelerator operation. Analytic functions are obtained which determine the origination conditions of the pinch-effect.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnikh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 6, pp. 8–12, June, 1986.     

Modeling of single- and multimode photonic-crystal planar waveguides with the plane-wave admittance method

One-foil targets emit most transition radiation (TR) power in storage ring synchrotrons. Such one-foil TR emitting targets (OFTRTs) are optimized, with respect to the foil material and the foil thickness, for use as X-ray lithography (XRL) sources. The best possible elemental material and the foil thickness of OFTRTs for XRL are determined for our storage ring synchrotrons MIRROIRCLE-20SX and MIRRORCLE-6X, which operate with electrons accelerated to 20 MeV and 6 MeV, respectively. It is shown that the XRL efficiency of a OFTRT, with an optimum thickness, increases when the elemental foil material has a lower atomic number Z. The best elemental OFTRT, for performing XRL by MIRRORCLE-20SX, should contain one Be foil with a thickness of d≅240 nm, while the second best OFTRT should be made of one C foil with d≅220 nm. The best elemental OFTRT, for performing XRL by MIRRORCLE-6X, should contain one C foil with d≅35 nm, while the second best OFTRT should be made of one Be foil with d≅100 nm, because there are no thinner Be foils. The XRL efficiency of a C-foil OFTRT increases when a higher-density foil is used. A OFTRT containing one foil of a given material with optimum thickness, in MIRRORCLE-20SX, has approximately 100 times larger XRL efficiency in comparison with such a target in MIRRORCLE-6X. PACS 41.50.+h; 29.25.-t; 81.16.Nd; 41.60.Ap; 29.20.Dh     

电解抛光法制备金属钨箔膜

研究了在硫酸甲醇体系中进行电解抛光制备状态方程(EOS)靶用钨薄膜。分析了钨的阳极极化曲线,对薄膜的表面形貌、晶粒取向、密度和厚度一致性进行了测试和分析,并制备出均方根粗糙度小于50nm、厚度一致性好于99%、能够保持原材料密度的钨箔膜,满足激光驱动材料高温高压状态方程研究的标准靶材料的需求,证明电解抛光是制备低表面粗糙度、块材密度的EOS所用金属箔材的有效手段。     

Some features in the angular divergence of relativistic electron beams reflected and refracted by foil

The horizontal and vertical angular divergences of relativistic electron beams passing through a foil and reflected by a foil are experimentally measured. The effect of the angle between the electron beam and the foil plane on the intensity and angular divergence of beams is studied. The interaction of particles with a copper foil 50 μm thick and aluminum foil 200 μm thick is studied. A microtron with a particle energy of 7.4 MeV is used as an electron source.     

Analyse du contraste d'un sous-joint de torsion (0 0 1) dans le silicium en MET à deux ondes

A quantitative analysis of the image of a low angle (0 0 1) twist boundary in silicon is performed using the two-beam dynamical theory of electron diffraction. The contrast features are discussed as functions of the thickness of the foil and possible elastic relaxation effects of the low angle twist boundary in the thin foil. To cite this article: R. Bonnet et al., C. R. Physique 3 (2002) 657–663.     

ASAY膜法测量微物质喷射总质量不确定度的初步实验研究

 采用在不锈钢样品上用油脂粘贴给定质量的铝粉作为模拟喷射体的方法,对ASAY膜法测量微物质喷射总质量的不确定度进行了初步实验检验。实验结果表明,对于mg/cm²量级的微物质喷射总质量,目前ASAY膜法测量的不确定度可以小于50%。