Observation of a Ξ*(2370) produced in 8.25 GeV/c K−p interactions

We observe production of a Ξ^*(2370) in the reactions K^?p→$[Y\overline{K}\pi ]$K, $[Y\overline{K}\pi ]$Kπ and [ΩK] (K or Kπ) at 8.25 GeV/c in a high statistics bubble chamber experiment. The mass and width are determined to be 2373 ± 8 MeV and 80 ± 25 MeV, respectively. The I = 1/2 assignment is strongly favoured.     

Toward a topological scenario for high-temperature superconductivity of copper oxides

The structure of the joint phase diagram demonstrating high-$T_c$ superconductivity of copper oxides is studied on the basis of the theory of interaction-induced flat bands. Prerequisites for an associated topological rearrangement of the Landau state are established, and related non-Fermi-liquid (NFL) behavior of the normal states of cuprates is investigated. We focus on manifestations of this behavior in the electrical resistivity $\rho (T)$, especially the observed gradual crossover from normal-state T-linear behavior $\rho (T,x)=A_1(x)T$ at doping x below the critical value $x_c^h$ of hole doping for termination of superconductivity, to T-quadratic behavior at $x>x_c^h$, which is incompatible with predictions of the conventional quantum-critical-point scenario. It is demonstrated that the slope of the coefficient $A_1$ is universal, being the same on both boundaries of the joint phase diagram of cuprates, in agreement with available experimental data.     

New R-matrices from representations of braid-monoid algebras based on superalgebras

In this paper we discuss representations of the Birman–Wenzl–Murakami algebra as well as of its dilute extension containing several free parameters. These representations are based on superalgebras and their baxterizations permit us to derive novel trigonometric solutions of the graded Yang–Baxter equation. In this way we obtain the multiparametric R-matrices associated to the $U_q[\mathit{sl}{(r|2m)}^{(2)}]$, $U_q[\mathit{osp}{(r|2m)}^{(1)}]$ and $U_q[\mathit{osp}{(r=2n|2m)}^{(2)}]$ quantum symmetries. Two other families of multiparametric R-matrices not predicted before within the context of quantum superalgebras are also presented. The latter systems are indeed non-trivial generalizations of the $U_q[D_{n+1}^{(2)}]$ vertex model when both distinct edge variables statistics and extra free-parameters are admissible.     

Spin and charge Nernst effect in a four-terminal double-dot interferometer

We investigate the spin and charge Nernst effect of a four-terminal Aharonov–Bohm interferometer with Rashba spin–orbit interaction (RSOI). It is shown that a pure spin Nernst effect or a fully spin-polarized Nernst effect can be obtained by modulating the magnetic flux phase ? and the RSOI induced phase φ. It is also demonstrated that some windows of ? (or φ) for maintaining an almost fully spin-polarized Nernst effect exist and their width is under the control of the other phase. Moreover, for the charge Nernst coefficient $N_c$ and spin Nernst coefficient $N_s$ the relationship $N_c(?,\phi )=?N_s(\phi ,?)$ always holds. These results suggest that our proposal may act as a controllable thermospin generator.     

A fresh look into m¯c,b(m¯c,b) and precise fD(s),B(s) from heavy–light QCD spectral sum rules

Using recent values of the QCD (non-)perturbative parameters given in Table 1 and an estimate of the N3LO QCD perturbative contributions based on the geometric growth of the PT series, we re-use QCD spectral sum rules (QSSR) known to N2LO PT series and including all dimension-six NP condensate contributions in the full QCD theory, for improving the existing estimates of ${\overline{m}}_{c,b}$ and $f_{D_{(s)},B_{(s)}}$ from the open charm and beauty systems. We especially study the effects of the subtraction point on “different QSSR data” and use (for the first time) the Renormalization Group Invariant (RGI) scale-independent quark masses in the analysis. The estimates [rigourous model-independent upper bounds within the SVZ framework] reported in Table 8: $f_D/f_{\pi }=1.56(5)$ $[?1.68(1)]$, $f_B/f_{\pi }=1.58(5)$ $[?1.80(3)]$ and $f_{D_s}/f_K=1.58(4)$ $[?1.63(1)]$, $f_{B_s}/f_K=1.50(3)$ $[?1.61(3.5)]$, which improve previous QSSR estimates, are in perfect agreement (in values and precisions) with some of the experimental data on $f_{D,D_s}$ and on recent lattice simulations within dynamical quarks. These remarkable agreements confirm both the success of the QSSR semi-approximate approach based on the OPE in terms of the quark and gluon condensates and of the Minimal Duality Ansatz (MDA) for parametrizing the hadronic spectral function which we have tested from the complete data of the $J/\psi$ and ? systems. The values of the running quark masses ${\overline{m}}_c(m_c)=1286(66)\text{MeV}$ and ${\overline{m}}_b(m_b)=4236(69)\text{MeV}$ from $M_{D,B}$ are in good agreement though less accurate than the ones from recent $J/\psi$ and ? sum rules.     

The theory of C-axis elastic moduli of graphite and their strain dependence using simple models of the interplanar interaction

Theoretical values for the c-axis elastic moduli C₃₃, C₄₄ and their strain derivatives $\frac{1}{C_{33}}\frac{?C_{33}}{?{\in }_3}$, $\frac{1}{C_{44}}\frac{?C_{44}}{?{\in }_3}$ in hexagonal graphite have been computed as a function of c-axis strain using the Lennard-Jones and the exponential core pairwise interplanar potentials. Fair agreement with experiment was found in the compressive behavior for the Lennard-Jones potential, good aggrement for the exponential core potential. The largest measured shear moduli in graphite, probably representative of the ideal hexagonal material, are larger than the theoretical shear moduli by a factor of at least ten. The theoretical shear c-axis strain derivatives are in somewhat better agreement. The notable discrepancy between elementary interplanar potential theory and experiment for the c-axis shear modulus in graphite appears to be an intrinsic flaw of such theories.     

Supersymmetric extensions of Schrödinger-invariance

The set of dynamic symmetries of the scalar free Schrödinger equation in d space dimensions gives a realization of the Schrödinger algebra that may be extended into a representation of the conformal algebra in $d+2$ dimensions, which yields the set of dynamic symmetries of the same equation where the mass is not viewed as a constant, but as an additional coordinate. An analogous construction also holds for the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Lévy-Leblond equation. An $N=2$ supersymmetric extension of these equations leads, respectively, to a ‘super-Schrödinger’ model and to the $(3|2)$-supersymmetric model. Their dynamic supersymmetries form the Lie superalgebras $\mathfrak{osp}(2|2)⋉\mathfrak{sh}(2|2)$ and $\mathfrak{osp}(2|4)$, respectively. The Schrödinger algebra and its supersymmetric counterparts are found to be the largest finite-dimensional Lie subalgebras of a family of infinite-dimensional Lie superalgebras that are systematically constructed in a Poisson algebra setting, including the Schrödinger–Neveu–Schwarz algebra ${\mathfrak{sns}}^{(N)}$ with N supercharges. Covariant two-point functions of quasiprimary superfields are calculated for several subalgebras of $\mathfrak{osp}(2|4)$. If one includes both $N=2$ supercharges and time-inversions, then the sum of the scaling dimensions is restricted to a finite set of possible values.