酸碱型磺化聚芳醚腈酮质子交换膜材料的性能研究

以合成的一系列不同磺化度的碘化聚芳醚腈酮(SPPENKs)为acidic聚合物,以聚芳醚酰亚胺(PEI)为basic聚合物,并将其溶解在N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)中配成质量分数为10%的成膜液,60℃下刮制成膜,制得acid-base型磺化聚芳醚腈酮质子导电了聚合物膜.用红外(FT-IR)谱图表征了acid-base型质子导电聚合物的结构,并测试了acid-base型质子导电聚合物膜的溶胀率、含水率、水解、氧化和热稳定性以及膜材料的离子交换容量IEC(IEC=meqSO3H/gdrymembrane)值等.测试结果初步表明新型质子导电聚合物膜具有良好的物化性能和较高的质子导电性,在80℃下acid-base型质子导电聚合物膜的水解断裂时间除SPPENK-40/PEI外,都超过2000h;SPPENK-60/PEI和SPPENK-80/PEI膜(IEC分别为1·08mmol/g、1·32mmol/g)与Nafion117相比,在具有较高质子交换能力的同时具有较低的溶胀率。     

一类含多磺酸结构侧链型聚芳醚酮质子交换膜材料的合成及性能研究

为进一步改善芳香型磺化聚合物质子交换膜材料的离子传导率、尺寸稳定性和耐化学氧化稳定性,从聚合物结构设计出发,首先利用9,9-双(3-苯基-4-羟基)苯基芴与4,4′-(六氟异亚丙基)二苯酚、1,4-二(4-氟苯甲酰基)苯经芳香亲核缩聚合成了一系列含芴和苯侧基结构新型聚芳醚酮聚合物(4-PAEK-xx),进一步通过温和的后磺化反应,制备了一系列含多磺酸结构侧链型聚芳醚酮质子交换膜(4-SPAEK-xx).对所制备的侧链型聚芳醚酮质子交换膜的结构和性能分别进行了表征分析.结果表明,该类质子交换膜具有适中的吸水率和较低的溶胀率,80°C时的吸水率和溶胀率分别在21%~51.2%和7.4%~17.2%.该类聚芳醚酮质子交换膜展现出了良好的离子传导性,80°C时的离子传导率在115~171 mS/cm,其中4-PAEK-45膜(离子交换容量为2.12 mequiv/g)的离子传导率已经超过了商品化的Nafion膜.此外,所制备的侧链型聚芳醚酮质子交换膜还表现出了良好的热稳定性、力学性能和耐化学氧化性.磺化膜优良的综合性能主要归因于侧链多磺酸结构和长尺寸含氟疏水结构单元的同时引入,其中侧链多磺酸结构的引入降低了主链磺化结构单元的比例,同时使亲水性的磺酸基团与分子主链分隔开来;而长尺寸含氟疏水性结构单元的引入进一步提高了膜材料的尺寸稳定性和耐氧化稳定性.     

磺酸基在侧链萘环上的磺化聚芳醚质子交换膜的制备与性能研究

以β-萘甲醛和2,6-二甲基苯酚为原料,合成出一种新型双酚单体.以此双酚单体和二氟单体(4,4'-二氟二苯甲酮或4,4'-二氟二苯砜)为基础,通过亲核取代反应,制备出两种高分子量聚芳醚.用氯磺酸对聚合物进行磺化,得到了2种磺酸基在侧链萘环上的磺化聚芳醚.该磺化聚芳醚能溶于N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)等常见的有机溶剂,通过溶液浇注的方法制备出光滑、柔韧的膜.用红外光谱(FTIR),核磁共振谱(1H-NMR)表征了聚合物结构.用示差扫描量热仪(DSC),热重分析仪(TGA)研究了聚合物的耐热性能.结果表明,这些侧链磺化的质子交换膜具有高的电导率(4.2×10-2S/cm)、高的机械强度、低的溶胀率和较好的氧化稳定性.     

用于燃料电池质子交换膜材料的磺化聚芳醚酮砜的合成与性能研究

以叔丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)为双酚单体,1,4-二(4′-氟苯甲酰基)苯,3,3′-二磺酸钠基-4,4′-二氧二苯砜(SDCDPS)为原料,采用亲核缩聚反应,通过调整磺化单体和非磺化单体的比例与叔丁基对苯二酚共聚,合成了一系列具有不同磺化度的聚芳醚酮砜.通过红外光谱(FTIR),TGA,DSC等分析方法对其结构及性能进行了表征.并用TEM对其内部形态进行了研究,建立了结构与性能之间的关系.通过对膜进行综合性能评价发现,磺化度为0.8的磺化聚芳醚酮砜膜的质子传导率在80℃时达到了0.061 S/cm接近了Nafion 117,而且其甲醇渗透系数为3.4×10-7cm2/s远低于Nafion 117,在质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)和直接甲醇燃料(DMFC)电池中表现出了好的应用前景.     

磺化杂萘联苯聚醚酮酮醚酮质子交换膜材料的合成与表征

以1,4-二(3-磺酸钠-4-氟代苯甲酰基)苯(SBFBB)和4,4’-二氟二苯酮(DFK)为二卤单体,与杂萘联苯类双酚进行溶液亲核缩聚反应,通过调控SBFBB与DFK的比例,制备了一系列具有不同磺化度的高分子量磺化杂萘联苯聚醚酮酮醚酮(SPPEKKEKs)。采用红外光谱、核磁共振谱、示差扫描量热分析等对SPPEKKEKs的结构和性能进行了表征,随着磺化度增加,SPPEKKEKs的玻璃化转变温度增大。以氮甲基吡咯烷酮为溶剂制备质子交换膜,随着SPPEKKEKs的磺化度增加,质子交换膜的含水率和质子传导率增加,95℃时,质子交换膜的质子传导率均达到10-2S.cm-1,SPPEKKEKs质子交换膜具有较好的耐氧化性能。     

含全氟联苯结构的磺化聚二氮杂萘酮醚氧膦质子交换膜的制备与性能

将全氟联苯、 二(4-氟苯基)苯基氧膦与4-(4′-羟基)苯基-2,3-二氮杂萘酮共聚, 合成了含全氟联苯结构的聚二氮杂萘酮醚氧膦, 再经磺化反应, 制备了含全氟联苯结构的磺化聚二氮杂萘酮醚氧膦(sPEPOF-x, x为含氟重复单元的摩尔分数)质子交换膜. 由于强疏水全氟联苯结构促进了聚合物膜的亲水/疏水微相分离, 提高了质子电导率, 降低了溶胀率, sPEPOF质子交换膜表现出优良的综合性能. 在80 ℃下, sPEPOF-25质子交换膜的溶胀率仅为10%, 约为Nafion 117的一半, 而其电导率为0.099 S/cm, 约为Nafion 117的1.2倍, 且耐氧化稳定性好, 热稳定性高, 具有潜在的应用前景.     

氟取代聚芳醚酮低温合成及其结构研究

通过傅克酰基化反应合成4,4'-二(4-氟苯甲酰基)二苯醚、4,4'-二(五氟苯甲酰基)二苯醚、4,4'-二(4-氟苯甲酰基)二苯硫醚以及4,4'-二(五氟苯甲酰基)二苯醚4种长链双卤单体,并进一步制备了含二氮杂萘酮聚芳醚酮聚合物.通过多氟取代双卤单体在含二氮杂萘酮聚芳醚酮聚合物主链中引入氟原子.多氟取代双卤单体具有多...     

新型直接交联磺化聚芳醚砜燃料电池用质子交换膜的合成及性能

以4,4′-二氟二苯砜、4,4′-联苯二酚、3,3′-二磺化-4,4′-二氟二苯砜二钠盐和三羟基苯为原料, 经高温溶液缩聚反应, 制备了一系列不同磺化度的新型交联磺化聚芳醚砜(CSPAES). 利用1H NMR和FTIR对聚合物结构进行表征. 采用溶液浇铸法制备了聚合物膜. 对膜的离子交换容量、吸水率、尺寸变化、机械性能和质子导电率进行了分析. 结果表明, 通过交联处理的磺化聚芳醚砜的水溶胀性明显降低, 当IEC为2.43时, CSPAES膜M(6/4-5)在水中的质子导电率达到260.5 mS/cm, 约为相同条件下Nafion112的2倍.     

用于高性能涂料的无定型聚芳醚腈酮共聚物的制备及性能

通过亲核缩聚反应由酚酞、4,4′-二氟二苯酮和2,6′-二氯苯腈制备了一系列不同腈基含量的无定型聚芳醚腈酮共聚物。通过FT-IR、1 H-NMR、13 C-NMR、DSC、TGA等表征了聚合物的结构与性能。研究表明:随着腈基含量的提高,聚合物的玻璃化转变温度升高,在马口铁板上的附着力逐渐提高;该聚合物在有机溶剂中具有良好的可溶性和成膜性,聚合物涂层具有优异的综合性能。     

含甲基磺化杂萘联苯聚醚砜酮质子交换膜材料的合成与性能

以4-(3,5-二甲基-4-羟基苯基)2,3-二氮杂萘-1-酮,3,3′-二磺酸钠-4,4′-二氟苯甲酮和4,4′-二氯二苯砜为原料,利用亲核缩聚反应,通过改变磺化单体的含量,制备出一系列不同磺化度的杂萘联苯聚醚砜酮(SPPESK-DM).采用FTIR、1H-NMR表征了聚合物的结构,热失重分析仪研究了聚合物的耐热稳定性,以N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮为溶剂采用溶液浇铸法成膜研究该系列聚合物膜的性能.结果表明,SPPESK-DM磺酸基的热分解温度在260℃以上,主链分解温度在410℃以上;膜的吸水率、溶胀率、离子交换容量和质子传导率均随着磺化度的增大而增大,磺化度为1.0的SPPESK-DM50的质子传导率达到1.08×10-2S/cm(85℃),且甲醇渗透系数为2.06×10-7cm2/s,低于Nafion117膜的甲醇渗透系数(2×10-6cm2/s).此系列膜的耐氧化性比较优异,可望用于质子交换膜燃料电池中.     

Effect of crystal-disrupting chlorohydroquinone on the first-order transitions of poly(aryl ether ketone)s containing biphenyl units

The novel poly(aryl ether ketone)s were synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reactions of 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone with 4,4′-biphenyldiol and chlorohydroquinone. As expected, the copolymers have lower melting transitions than the biphenyldiol-based homopoly(aryl ether ketone) because of the copolymerization effect of the crystal-disrupting monomer chlorohydroquinone. Copolymers containing 50 and 70% biphenyldiol show two first-order transitions which are associated with the crystal-to-liquid crystal transition and the liquid crystal-to-isotropic transition.     

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF SULFONATED POLY(ETHER KETONE)S CONTAINING 3,5-DIMETHYL PHTHALAZINONE MOIETIES AS PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE MATERIALS

Sulfonated poly（ether ketone）s containing 3,5-dimethyl phthalazinone moieties（SPPEK-DMs）with different degrees of sulfonation（DS）were synthesized via direct polycondensation from 4-（3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl）-2,3- phthalazinone,4,4’-difluorobenzophenone and 3,3’-disulfonate-4,4’-difluorobenzophenone.The chemical structure of SPPEK-DMs was characterized by FTIR and ¹H-NMR.Thermal stability of SPPEK-DMs was characterized by the thermogravimetric analysis.The membranes prepared from SPPEK-DMs exhibited ion exchange capacities（IEC）ranging from 0.93 mmol·g^-1to 1.86 mmol·g^-1.Water uptake,swelling,oxidative stability and methanol permeability of SPPEKDMs membranes were investigated.SPPEK-DMs membranes exhibited high oxidative stability.The methanol permeability values of SPPEK-DMs membranes were in the ranee 5.15×10^-8-6.61×10^-7cm s,which was much lower than those of Nafionl 17.The proton conductivity of SPPEK-DM40 membranes was 1.1×10^-2Scm^-1at 70℃.     

4,4’-二氯二苯酮合成二氮杂萘联苯酮结构聚醚砜酮的研究

以4-(4-羟基苯基)*2,3-二氮杂萘-1-酮(DHPZ)、4,4’-二氯二苯砜(DCS)和4,4’-二氯二苯酮(DCK)为原料,采用分步加料的方法,合成了系列高分子量的聚芳醚砜酮共聚物(PPESKs),其特性黏度在0.40 ～0.61dL/g之间,解决了由于DCK活性低不适合用于聚芳醚合成的问题.采用FTIR、示差...     

一种全芳香热致液晶聚芳醚酮

聚芳醚酮由于熔融粘度大和加工温度高而影响了其进一步工业化，因此降低熔融粘度和加工温度是研究聚芳醚酮的新课题[1]．目前在工程塑料中热致液晶高分子是一种具有低熔融粘度而性能优异的材料，其熔融粘度比一般高分子材料低得多，并且具有优异的机械性能[2]本文采用无现...     

Preliminary communication - The synthesis and thermotropic liquid crystalline behaviour of novel main chain poly(aryl ether ketone)s containing a lateral phenyl group

Novel main chain poly(aryl ether ketone)s containing a lateral phenyl group were synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reactions of 4,4-biphenol and phenylhydroquinone with either 4,4-difluorobenzophenone or 1,4-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)benzene and their thermotropic liquid crystalline properties were characterized by a variety of experimental techniques. Thermotropic liquid crystalline behaviour was observed in the copolymers containing 50 and 70 mol% biphenol. Melting (Tm) and isotropization (Ti) transitions both appeared on the DSC thermograms. A banded texture was formed after shearing the sample in the liquid crystalline nematic state. As expected, each of the copolymers had a relatively lower melting transition than the biphenol-based homopoly(aryl ether ketone)s because of the copolymerization effect of the crystal-disrupting monomer phenylhydroquinone.     

Preliminary communication - The synthesis and thermotropic liquid crystalline behaviour of novel main chain poly(aryl ether ketone)s containing a lateral phenyl group

Novel main chain poly(aryl ether ketone)s containing a lateral phenyl group were synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reactions of 4,4-biphenol and phenylhydroquinone with either 4,4-difluorobenzophenone or 1,4-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)benzene and their thermotropic liquid crystalline properties were characterized by a variety of experimental techniques. Thermotropic liquid crystalline behaviour was observed in the copolymers containing 50 and 70 mol% biphenol. Melting (Tm) and isotropization (Ti) transitions both appeared on the DSC thermograms. A banded texture was formed after shearing the sample in the liquid crystalline nematic state. As expected, each of the copolymers had a relatively lower melting transition than the biphenol-based homopoly(aryl ether ketone)s because of the copolymerization effect of the crystal-disrupting monomer phenylhydroquinone.     

Synthesis and thermal properties of poly(arylene ether ketone)s containing phthalazinone moieties

A series of novel poly(arylene ether ketone)s were synthesized from the reaction of hydroquinone and 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-phthalazin-1-one with 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone in N-cyclohexylpyrrolidinone containing anhydrous potassium carbonate. The polymers exhibited high glass transition temperatures together with excellent thermooxidative stability. The chain structure of these polymers was studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide-angle X-ray diffraction techniques (WAXD), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The experimental results indicated that these “as-made” copoly(aryleneketone)s containing hydroquinone moieties exhibited a block chain structure with segments which mainly consisted of hydroquinone and 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone. These chain segments resulted in crystallites in the polymers although they are thermodynamically unstable. The polymers showed thermal properties comparable to commercial PEEK, but the conditions for synthesis are much milder. The glass transition temperatures and solubilities of the copoly(arylene ketone)s tended to increase with increasing phthalazinone moiety content, while the crystallite melting points and crystallinity appeared to decrease. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 1781–1788, 1999     

Polymers from 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)phthalazin-1-one

2-(4′-Hydroxyphenylbenzoyl)benzoic acid is readily available from phenolphthalein by reaction with hydroxylamine. On treatment with hydrazine, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)phthalazin-1-one is formed in high yield. Under conditions conventionally used for the synthesis of poly(aryl ether)s the phthalazinone reacts with 4,4-difluorobenzophenone or 4,4′-difluorodiphenyl sulfone to yield high molecular weight linear polymers which are thermooxidatively stable and have Tg's approaching 300°C. The phthalazinone NH groups behave like phenolic OH groups and the resulting polymers contain O-C and N-C linkages. Phenyl-substituted phenolphthaleins have also been synthesized and converted to the corresponding phthalazinone polymers.     

含亚环己基荷电聚醚醚酮的合成表征与性能

以 3,3′ 二磺酸钠基 4,4′ 二氟二苯酮和 4,4′ 二氟二苯酮与 4,4′ 亚环己基双酚进行亲核共缩聚 ,合成了磺化度从 0 4～ 2 0的一系列含亚环己基的荷电聚醚醚酮 .聚合物除保持了荷电聚醚醚酮良好的热稳定性和机械性能外 ,还具有良好的耐水性 .聚合物的DSC和广角X射线衍射数据表明 :上述磺化度聚合物均呈无定型聚集态结构 .比较了聚合物与双酚A系列荷电聚醚醚酮的性能差异 ,讨论了聚合物的溶解特点