基于纳米复合材料/壳聚糖膜的葡萄糖生物传感器研究

采用纳米普鲁士蓝/金纳米粒子/壳聚糖(nano-PB/AuNPs/Chit)复合膜固定葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)构建新型葡萄糖生物传感器。通过电化学阻抗谱以及电流-时间曲线法(I-t)研究了传感器的电化学特性。结果表明,传感器在葡萄糖浓度为0.01～1.0 mmol/L范围内呈线性,响应灵敏度为68.15μA.(mmol/L)-1.cm-2,表观米氏常数为5.1 mmol/L。该传感器可用于糖尿病人血糖的测定。     

掺杂纳米普鲁士蓝溶胶-凝胶修饰葡萄糖生物传感器

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米普鲁士蓝微粒,将含纳米普鲁士蓝微粒的TiO2溶胶-凝胶固定在玻碳电极表面得到纳米普鲁士蓝修饰电极,该电极对H2O2产生灵敏的响应,线性范围为0．5～400μmoL／L,较常规普鲁士蓝修饰电极(线性范围为25～500μmol／L)灵敏。电极表面再用溶胶．凝胶法固定葡萄糖氧化酶后构建了葡萄糖生物传感器,响应范围0～20mmoL／L,葡萄糖氧化酶表观米氏常数为8．04mmoL／L。实验表明,该法适合于批量制作高灵敏和高重现性的生物传感器。     

基于聚苯胺-普鲁士蓝/普鲁士蓝复合膜的过氧化氢电化学传感器的制备及表征

利用聚苯胺和普鲁士蓝的协同作用,构建了聚苯胺-普鲁士蓝/普鲁士蓝复合膜的H2O2电化学传感器.聚苯胺的带正电骨架和带负电的普鲁士蓝粒子相互吸引,且聚苯胺提供了很多氧化还原位点,有利于普鲁士蓝粒子的进一步均匀生长,使制备的传感器具备优异的电催化性能.采用扫描电镜和电化学方法对修饰电极进行了表征.在最佳实验条件下,该修饰电...     

基于壳聚糖-纳米金/纳米普鲁士蓝/L-半胱氨酸修饰的 葡萄糖传感器的研究

在金电极表面修饰一层L-半胱氨酸,再利用静电吸附作用固定纳米普鲁士蓝(nano-PB),然后利用壳聚糖-纳米金复合膜将葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)固定于修饰电极表面,制成新型的葡萄糖传感器.通过交流阻抗技术,循环伏安法和计时电流法考察了电极的电化学特性.在优化的实验条件下,该传感器在葡萄糖浓度为3.0×10-6～1.0×10-3 mol/L范围内有线性响应,检测下限为1.6×10-6 mol/L.此外该传感器具有响应快、稳定性好和选择性良好的特点,能有效排除常见干扰物质如抗坏血酸、尿酸等对测定的影响.     

普鲁士蓝修饰生物传感器的研究进展

文中叙述了普鲁士蓝(PB)结构特征和电化学特性,PB在过氧化氢传感器中的应用。综述了PB葡萄糖传感器及其他基于PB的生物氧化酶传感器的研究进展。引用文献52篇。     

普鲁士蓝/壳聚糖共沉积膜修饰电极的交流阻抗谱研究

壳聚糖与普鲁士蓝同时在金电极上电沉积获得的复合膜具有良好的电子传递性能和对过氧化氢的电催化性能,可以为生物分子提供合适的亲水性环境,进而研发性能优异的电化学生物传感器.交流阻抗谱法可用于研究电极表面修饰性能,该文对普鲁士蓝/壳聚糖(PB/CS)共沉积膜的交流阻抗测量条件进行了选择,并通过对交流阻抗谱的分析探讨了制备PB/CS共沉积修饰膜的最佳条件:电沉积液的pH值为2,电解电压为0.4 V,电沉积时间为300 s.这与循环伏安法的研究结果完全一致,并通过对交流阻抗曲线的讨论更深入地解释了其中的原因.     

普鲁士蓝@石墨烯-壳聚糖纳米复合物用于构建microRNA电化学传感器的研究

制备了基于普鲁士蓝(PB)、石墨烯(GN)、壳聚糖(Chi)的纳米复合物(PB@GN-Chi),并将其修饰在玻碳电极表面制得microRNA电化学传感器。实验发现,GN可有效提高敏感膜的导电性能和比表面积,增强PB在电极表面的稳定性和传感器的重现性。通过戊二醛的交联作用,将氨基化的捕获探针(ssDNA)固载在PB@GN-Chi修饰的电极表面,并用于miR-21的检测。以透射电子显微镜对纳米复合物的形态进行表征,采用循环伏安法、示差脉冲伏安法对传感器的电化学特性进行研究。实验结果表明,该传感器具有良好的稳定性和重现性,在2.8~2.8×10~4pmol/L浓度范围内,响应电流与miR-21浓度的对数呈线性关系,检出限为0.87 pmol/L,可用于miR-21的检测。     

基于普鲁士蓝(PB)膜修饰铂电极的葡萄糖传感器的研究

在制备PB膜修饰铂盘电极的基础上,利用修饰电极对过氧化氢的电催化还原特性,得到了性能优良的葡萄糖传感器。作者系统地考察了有关修饰膜制备和测试实验条件对传感器性能的影响,结果表明传感器的最佳工作电位是0．05V,测试溶液的最适PH值为6．5,在选定的工作条件下,传感器的检测灵敏度为80nA/mmol.L^-1,线性范围为0．1－5mmol.L^-1,响应时间为1．5min,寿命在1个月以上,表观米氏常数为21mmol.L^-1。本方法制得的传感器能有效消除抗坏血酸,尿酸的干扰,有望用于血液中葡萄糖的直接测定。     

电沉积普鲁士蓝/壳聚糖修饰金电极的电化学研究

应用控制电位电解法在金电极上进行了普鲁士蓝(PB)/壳聚糖(CS)修饰膜的电沉积。在pH2、溶液组成为2.5 mmol/L FeCl3 2.5 mmol/L K3[Fe(CN)6] 0.01%CS 0.01 mol/L HCl和0.1 mol/L KCl的溶液中,于0.4 V(vs.SCE)电沉积300 s,获得性能理想的沉积膜。对修饰膜进行了红外和显微表征,结果表明,PB和CS同时沉积在电极上,且膜结构较纯PB沉积膜粗糙,修饰量大,具有更强的空间结构性。研究了PB/CS/金修饰电极(PB/CS/Au/CME)的电化学行为,该电极在中性(pH7.0~8.0)条件下性能比纯PB修饰膜更稳定,具有良好的电化学活性和对H2O2的电催化性能。氧化峰电流与H2O2浓度在1×10-6~5×10-3mol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,为研制基于酶催化反应的电化学生物传感器奠定了良好基础。     

Acetylcholinesterase sensor based on screen-printed carbon electrode modified with prussian blue

Acetylcholinesterase (ChE) sensor based on Prussian blue (PB) modified electrode was developed and tested for the detection of organophosphorus and carbamic pesticides. The signal of the sensor was generated in PB mediated oxidation of thiocholine recorded at+200 mv in DC mode. ChE from electric eel was immobilized by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the surface of screen-printed carbon electrode covered with PB and Nafion. The content of the surface layer (specific enzyme activity, Nafion and BSA amounts) was optimized to establish high and reliable response toward the substrate and ChE inhibitors. The ChE/PB sensor makes it possible to detect Aldicarb, Paraoxon and Parathion-Methyl with limits of detection 30, 10 and 5 ppb, respectively (incubation 10 min). The feasibility of practical application of the ChE/PB sensor developed for the monitoring of degradation of the pesticides in wine fermentation was shown. To diminish matrix interferences, the electrolysis of the grape juice with Al anode and evaporation of ethanol were suggested, however the procedures decrease the sensitivity of pesticide detection and stability of the sample tested.     

A simple method to fabricate a chitosan-gold nanoparticles film and its application in glucose biosensor

A novel film of chitosan-gold nanoparticles is fabricated by a direct and facile electrochemical deposition method and its application in glucose biosensor is investigated. HAuCl(4) solution is mixed with chitosan and electrochemically reduced to gold nanoparticles, which can be stabilized by chitosan and electrodeposited onto glassy carbon electrode surfaces along with the electrodeposition of chitosan. Then a model enzyme, glucose oxidase (GOD) is immobilized onto the resulting film to construct a glucose biosensor through self-assembly. The resulting modified electrode surfaces are characterized with both AFM and cyclic voltammetry. Effects of chitosan and HAuCl(4) concentration in the mixture together with the deposition time and the applied voltage on the amperometric response of the biosensor are also investigated. The linear range of the glucose biosensor is from 5.0 x 10(-5) approximately 1.30 x 10(-3) M with a Michaelis-Menten constant of 3.5 mM and a detection limit of about 13 microM.     

Development of an amperometric glucose biosensor based on the immobilization of glucose oxidase in an ormosil-PVA matrix onto a Prussian Blue modified electrode

An amperometric glucose biosensor was developed based on the immobilization of glucose oxidase in the organically modified silicate (ormosil)-polyvinyl acetate (PVA) matrix onto a Prussian Blue (PB)-modified glassy carbon electrode. A higher stability PB-modified electrode was prepared by the electrochemical deposition of FeCl₃, K₃[Fe(CN)₆] and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) under cyclic voltammetric (CV) conditions. The effects of the potential range of CV conditions, electrolyte cations, applied potential, pH, temperature and co-existing substances were investigated. The detection limit of the glucose biosensor was 8.1 μmol·L⁻¹ (S/N = 3) with a linear range from 20 μmol·L⁻¹ to 2 mmol·L⁻¹ (R = 0.9965). The biosensor presented a fast response and good selectivity. Additionally, excellent reproducibility and stability of the biosensor were observed. Supported by the National High Technical Development Project (863 project) Foundation (Grant No. 2006AA09Z160) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 20775064)     

对硝基苯酚在铕离子掺杂类普鲁士蓝化学修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为及分析测定

利用电化学沉积法制备了稀土Eu(Ⅲ)离子掺杂的类普鲁士蓝化学修饰玻碳电极,与裸玻碳电极相比,该修饰电极使对硝基苯酚的还原电位大大降低,峰电流显著增大,线性范围明显变宽。讨论了酸度、沉积量、扫速、底液等条件对对硝基苯酚在修饰电极上催化还原的影响。分别用循环伏安法和示差脉冲伏安法进行定量分析,对硝基苯酚的还原电流与浓度在2.0×10-5~2.0×10-3mol/L和2.0×10-7~8.0×10-6mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限(3σ)为6.0×10-8mol/L。该电极可用于环境水样检测。     

Prussian blue modified glassy carbon electrodes-study on operational stability and its application as a sucrose biosensor

Stabilisation of electrochemically deposited Prussian blue (PB) films on glassy carbon (GC) electrodes has been investigated and an enhancement in the stability of the PB films is reported if the electrodes are treated with tetrabutylammonium toluene-4-sulfonate (TTS) in the electrochemical activation step following the electrodeposition. A multi-enzyme PB based biosensor for sucrose detection was made in order to demonstrate that PB films can be coupled with an oxidase system. A tri-enzyme system, comprising glucose oxidase, mutarotase and invertase, was crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and bovine albumin serum on the PB modified glassy carbon electrode. The deposited PB operated as an electrocatalyst for electrochemical reduction of hydrogen peroxide, the final product of the enzyme reaction sequence. The electrochemical response was studied using flow injection analysis for the determination of sucrose, glucose and H₂O₂. The optimal concentrations of the immobilisation mixture was standardised as 8 U of glucose oxidase, 8 U of mutarotase, 16 U of invertase, 0.5% glutaraldehyde (0.025 μl) and 0.5% BSA (0.025 mg) in a final volume of 5 μl applied at the electrode surface (0.066 cm²). The biosensor exhibited a linear response for sucrose (4-800 μM), glucose (2-800 μM) and H₂O₂ (1-800 μM) and the detection limit was 4.5, 1.5 and 0.5 μM for sucrose, glucose and H₂O₂, respectively. The sample throughput was ca. 60 samples h⁻¹. An increase in the operational and storage stability of the sucrose biosensor was also noted when the PB modified electrodes were conditioned in phosphate buffer containing 0.05 M TTS during the preparation of the PB films.     

Glucose biosensing based on the highly efficient immobilization of glucose oxidase on a Prussian blue modified nanostructured Au surface

We report on a novel glucose biosensor based on the immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) on a Prussian blue modified nanoporous gold surface. The amperometric glucose biosensor fabricated in this study exhibits a fast response and the very low detection limit of 2.5 μM glucose. The sensitivity of the biosensor was found to be very high, 177 μA/mM; the apparent Michaelis–Menten constant is calculated to be 2.1 mM. In addition, the biosensor has good reproducibility and remains stable over 60 days. The anti-interference ability of the biosensor was also assessed, showing little interference from possible interferents such as ascorbic acid (AA), acetaminophen (AP) and uric acid (UA).     

Glucose biosensor based on immobilization of glucose oxidase in platinum nanoparticles/graphene/chitosan nanocomposite film

The bionanocomposite film consisting of glucose oxidase/Pt/functional graphene sheets/chitosan (GOD/Pt/FGS/chitosan) for glucose sensing is described. With the electrocatalytic synergy of FGS and Pt nanoparticles to hydrogen peroxide, a sensitive biosensor with a detection limit of 0.6 μM glucose was achieved. The biosensor also has good reproducibility, long-term stability and negligible interfering signals from ascorbic acid and uric acid comparing with the response to glucose. The large surface area and good electrical conductivity of graphene suggests that graphene is a potential candidate as a sensor material. The hybrid nanocomposite glucose sensor provides new opportunity for clinical diagnosis and point-of-care applications.     

Cholesterol oxidase biosensor based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with Nafion and methyl viologen

Cholesterol oxidase biosensor has been constructed by using bovine serum albumin and glutaraldehyde as cross linker to immobilize cholesterol oxidase and cholesterol esterase on a glassy carbon electrode modified with Nafion and methyl viologen. The biosensor has been used to determine total cholesterol in blood. The linear range of the determination is 2.5×10~7 to 1.0×10-4 mol/L. The detection limit is about 5.0×10~8 mol/L. The response time is 12 s. This biosensor has the advantage of high selectivity, sensitivity and short response time.     

Glucose biosensor based on the layer-by-layer self-assembling of glucose oxidase and chitosan derivatives on a thiolated gold surface

This work examines in deep the analytical performance of an example of “first-generation” microdevices: capillary electrophoresis microchip (CE) with end-channel electrochemical detection (ED). A hydroquinone and arbutin separation strategically chosen as route involving pharmaceutical-clinical testing, public safety and food control scenes was carried out. The reproducibility of the unpinched electrokinetic protocol was carefully studied and the technical possibility of working indiscriminately and/or sequentially with both simple cross-injectors was also demonstrated using a real sample (R.S.D.'s less than 7%). The robustness of the injection protocol allowed checking the state of the microchip/detector coupling and following the extraction efficiency of the analyte from real sample. Separation variables such as pH, ionic strength and, separation voltage were also carefully assayed and optimized. Analyte screening was performed using borate buffer (pH 9, 60 mM) in less than 180 s in the samples studied improving dramatically the analysis times used for the same analytes on a conventional scale (15 min), with good precision (R.S.D.'s ranging 5-10%), accuracy (recoveries ranging 90-110%) and acceptable resolution (Rs ≥ 1.0).In addition, the excellent analytical performance of the overall analytical method indicated the quality of the whole analytical microsystem and allowed to introduce the definition of robustness for methodologies developed into the “lab-on-a-chip” scene.