一种新型二苯甲酮类光引发剂的合成及其性能研究

本文先以4-甲基二苯甲酮合成4-(溴甲基)二苯甲酮,然后用4-羟基二苯甲酮和4-(溴甲基)二苯甲酮为原材料合成了一种含二苯甲酮结构的新型光引发剂(MBPBP)。通过核磁共振氢谱图确定了其结构;利用紫外吸收谱图研究了其紫外吸收和光降解性能;最后通过RT-FTIR分析了光引发剂浓度、光照强度和反应单体对光聚合反应的影响。结果表明,MBPBP的摩尔消光系数约为二苯甲酮的1.5倍,吸收范围大大增加,延伸到300nm,吸光效率获得大幅提高,光引发活性远大于传统的二苯甲酮,是一种高效光引发剂。     

[4-(对苯甲酰基苯硫基)苯]苯基碘鎓六氟磷酸盐的合成

碘鎓盐;光引发剂;合成;正交试验;光引发性能     

水溶性光引发剂α-氨基苯丙酮盐酸盐的合成和应用

水溶性光引发剂α-氨基苯丙酮盐酸盐的合成和应用;水溶性光引发剂; α-氨基苯丙酮盐酸盐; 合成; 光引发性     

染料敏化TiO2光电极制备方法的改进

红汞;光电极;性能;染料敏化TiO2光电极制备方法的改进     

高分子光稳定剂的研究——溶解度参数与光稳定效率的关系

<正> 添加光稳定剂是阻止聚合物因光照氧化降解,延长聚合物制品的使用寿命的有效方法。显然只有当光稳定剂能最大程度地均匀分散在聚合物中才能充分地发挥它的光稳定效率,这对高分子光稳定剂来说尤为重要。 光稳定剂与被稳定的聚合物的相容性对光稳定效率的影响已有过研究。如Ambrovic等曾经报道:随着2-羟基4-烷氧基二苯甲酮中烷基的碳原子数增加,它对聚丙烯的光稳定效率提高。高分子光稳定剂本身是一个有一定分子量的聚合物,使用时它与被稳定聚合物形成了共混体系。我们研究了高分子光稳定剂的溶解度参数和它对聚丙烯的光稳定效率的关系。     

含2,2′,4-三(2-氯苯基)-5-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-4′,5′-二苯基-1,1′-双咪唑光引发体系的光聚合动力学研究

2,2′,4-三(2-氯苯基)-5-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-4′,5′-二苯基-1,1′-二咪唑(CZ-HABI)是一种高效的光引发剂,其结构通过傅里叶红外光谱仪、核磁共振仪、紫外吸收光谱进行表征.复合引发体系(PI)由光引发剂CZ-HABI、增感剂4,4′-双(二乙氨基)苯甲酮(EMK)、供氢体N-苯基甘氨酸(NPG)组成,利用实时红外(RT-IR)对该复合光引发体系进行了光聚合反应动力学研究,结果表明:在没有供氢体条件下,基本上没有引发效果,增加供氢体后,引发效率大幅增加;增加复合光引发体系用量能提高光聚合反应的双键转化率,且最大聚合速率与[PI]1/2成正比;随着光强的增强,单体的双键转化率与最大反应速率均增大;复合光引发体系引发双丙烯酸酯类单体的最终双键转化率比三丙烯酸酯类单体要高.复合光引发体系的引发效率比ITX/EDAB光引发体系的引发效率高,与1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮(184)、2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基-1-丙酮(1173)的引发效果相近.     

四(苯基噁唑基)环丁烷的合成、结构与光化学性质

发现了反-1,2-双[2-(5-苯基(口恶)唑基)]乙烯(POEOP)激光转换效率低的原因是它易发生光二聚反应,且该二聚反应具有很高的立体选择性.合成出POEOP的光二聚产物r-1,顺-2,反-3,反-4-四[2-(5-苯基(口恶)唑基)]环丁烷(TPOCB),并用X-射线衍射法鉴定了其结构.TPOCB属单斜晶系,空间群为C_2/C;a=2.289(4),b=0.540 6(2),c=2.631 7(7)nm,β=99.38(2)°,晶胞内分子数为4.分子具有中心对称性,苯环和(口恶)唑环间二面角与POEOP的接近.研究还发现POEOP的光二聚和TPOCB的光分解是可逆的,增大POEOP的浓度对光二聚反应有利,反之则对TPOCB的光分解有利.     

聚合物光老化、光稳定机理与光稳定剂(下)

大多数聚合物材料,包括塑料、橡胶、纤维、涂料等,在户外使用时会发生光老化而使使用寿命缩短。为有效防止聚合物材料的光劣化,人们已对聚合物的光老化和光稳定机理进行了广泛的研究并先后研发出了几个类型的光稳定剂。但由于户外应用范围不断扩大和环境不断恶化正使聚合物的光老化变得越来越复杂而光防护难度也日益加大,因此国内外有关聚合物光老化、光稳定机理的研究和光稳定剂的研发一直十分活跃。本文下篇阐述光稳定剂的作用机理并综述光稳定剂的研发进展。     

富勒烯[60]的光化学反应研究

从光物理出发,综述了近几年富勒烯「６０」的光化学反应研究进展。Ｃ６０能发生诸多的光化学反应：（１）光氧化;（２）光氢化还原;（３）「２＋２」光环化加成;（４）与叔胺的光加成;（５）与氨基酸的光加成;（６）与金属有机化合物的光加成。     

一种芴酮衍生物的合成、晶体结构及其光限幅性能

一种芴酮衍生物的合成、晶体结构及其光限幅性能;芴酮衍生物; 单晶结构; 光限幅性能     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.