电纺聚乙烯醇超细纤维膜的性能研究

由电纺制备聚乙烯醇(PVA)超细纤维膜,以扫描电镜观察纤维的微观形貌,用X射线衍射研究超细纤维膜的结晶行为,并测定了PVA超细纤维膜的力学性能和吸水性.结果表明,PVA超细纤维的平均直径为(184±26)nm,超细纤维中PVA的结晶度和晶体有序程度较浇铸膜低.超细纤维膜的拉伸强度、模量和断裂伸长率均较浇铸膜差,吸水率在300%以上,高于浇铸膜.     

同轴电纺制备刚性多糖纳米纤维膜

将壳聚糖、海藻酸钠或透明质酸配制成水溶液,聚氧化乙烯(PEO)溶解在二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)/H2O 混合溶剂中,以上述两溶液分别作为内、外纺丝液进行同轴电纺制备成纤维膜,进而利用适当溶剂除去 PEO 外壳,得到纯多糖纳米纤维膜.纤维结构通过 TEM、SEM 进行表征.结果表明:同轴电纺可一步制得外壳为 PEO、内核为刚性多糖的核壳纳米纤维,纤维外壳 PEO 组分可以用氯仿萃取除去;与单轴电纺法制得的刚性多糖纤维相比,同轴电纺可以保持最终纤维的结构完整性.     

电纺法制备聚合物纳米纤维的研究进展

电纺技术是一种制备聚合物纳米纤维的新方法,它可制备出直径为纳米级的超细纤维,最小直径可至1nm.电纺法制备聚合物纳米纤维具有设备简单、操作容易以及高效等优点,它是目前能直接、连续制备聚合物纳米纤维的有效方法.本文介绍了电纺过程、原理及影响纤维性能的主要因素,综述了电纺技术在生物医学材料,复合增强纤维,无机纳米纤维,导电纳米纤维等方面的应用进展,最后对电纺技术在制备聚合物纳米纤维方面的发展前景作出了展望.     

聚乙交酯-丙交酯-己内酯三元无规共聚物及其电纺膜的制备与表征

以左旋丙交酯、乙交酯和己内酯为原料,辛酸亚锡为催化剂,在真空条件下经本体熔融开环聚合,制备了三元无规共聚物(P),其结构和性能经1H NMR,IR,DSC和粘度表征。实验结果表明:P的玻璃化转变温度可通过单体的投料比调控;采用静电纺丝法可方便地获得共聚物亚微米纤维膜。     

电纺纳米纤维固相萃取拟除虫菊酯的研究

将电纺纳米纤维用于萃取分离拟除虫菊酯农药.实验发现电纺纳米纤维对甲氰菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氯菊酯和联苯菊酯农药有较好的吸附能力,对6种拟除虫菊酯农药的最大吸附容量分别为5.4、5.8、6.0、6.5、6.5和8.0μg/mg.应用电纺纳米纤维固相萃取一高败液相同时测定蔬菜样品中6种拟除虫菊酯农药.在优化实验条件下,6种拟除虫菊酯类农药分离效果较好,并在(0.01～0.04)～10mg/L浓度范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r2=0.9995～0.9999);方法的最小检测限为5～12μg/L,其加标回收率在85.8%～96.6%之间.     

聚(丙交酯-co-乙交酯)/β-磷酸三钙复合物的电纺研究

对生物可吸收聚(丙交酯-co-乙交酯)(poly(lactide-co-glycolide),PLGA)与β-磷酸三钙(-βTCP)复合物体系进行了电纺.研究了PLGA的浓度,-βTCP与PLGA比例,加料速度,电压,喷头与接收体之间的距离等因素对电纺过程的影响,制备出纳米纤维膜,并用扫描电镜(SEM)等对纤维膜进行表征.结果表明,电纺溶液浓度越高,或者加料速度越快,纳米纤维的直径越粗.力学实验显示,复合物中-βTCP的含量增加使纳米纤维膜的拉伸强度和杨氏模量下降.     

商品聚氯乙烯膜的等离子体表面处理改性的研究

利用辉光放电技术,将C_2H_2/CO_2/H_2的等离子体聚合物沉积处理聚氯乙烯商品膜表面进行改性。用红外光声光谱和扫描电子显微镜分析观察了等离子体改性的聚氯乙烯膜的结构和表面形态。测量了改性膜的水接触角,计算了它们的表面自由能,界面自由能以及表面功,从而研究了改性膜的亲水性。同时,利用热重分析仪(TGA)研究了改性膜的热稳定性。     

电纺法及其在制备聚合物纳米纤维中的应用

在介绍电纺法的基础上,对电纺法制备聚合物和导电聚合物纳米纤维的影响参数和电纺纤维的应用研究进行了综述,同时展望了该方法在制备聚合物纳米纤维方面存在的挑战和机遇。     

速溶电纺载药PVP纳米纤维膜制备与表征

采用电纺工艺制备载豆腐果苷聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮纳米纤维膜.通过偏光显微镜确定电纺条件,利用扫描电镜对纤维膜表面形态进行观察;采用X-射线晶体衍射(XRD)和差示扫描量热分析(DSC)检测纤维膜中药物的存在状态,通过红外光谱分析药物与纤维基材之间的相互作用.结果表明载药纤维直径分布均匀(400~600 nm)、表面光滑无药物颗粒,药物与聚合物之间通过氢键作用、具有良好的相容性,XRD和DSC结果表明药物以无定形态高度分散于纳米纤维中,纤维膜中药物以"聚合物控释"机制在13.7 s左右完全溶解.     

增强复合静电纺纳米纤维膜

静电纺丝纳米纤维膜具有孔隙率高、孔径小、透气性好等优良性能。但由于纤维太细,且纤维间没有有效的粘结,其强度较低,严重限制了它的应用。本文采用高/低熔点热熔性的两种高聚物进行混合静电纺丝,制备了聚丙烯腈/聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(PAN/PVDF-HFP)、聚偏氟乙烯/聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯(PVDF/PVDF-HFP)复合纳米纤维膜,并通过110℃、3MPa、5min的热压后处理,使PVDF-HFP部分熔融,制得具有点粘结的增强复合纳米纤维膜。测试结果显示,较处理前,增强PAN/PVDF-HFP、PVDF/PVDF-HFP复合纳米纤维膜的拉伸断裂强度分别提高了923.1%和665.7%,达到17.8MPa和26.9MPa,且同时保留了优良的孔隙率与透气性能。     

Electrospun Nanofibrous Adsorption Membranes for Wastewater Treatment: Mechanical Strength Enhancement

Functional nanofibrous membranes fabricated by electrospinning technology have attracted much attention in the removal of heavy metal ions from contaminated wastewater. The high specific surface area, high porosity and ease of functionality create an enhanced throughput and high adsorption capacity of the nanofibrous membrane. However, the relatively poor mechanical properties of the membrane with a non-woven nanofibrous structure are one of the major concerns, which can limit the applications in wastewater treatment. Different strategies and methodologies were explored to address the problems and were reviewed in this work, highlighting the possibilities of overcoming the poor mechanical properties of the nanofibrous membrane and to ensure the recyclability and reusability of the membrane during the adsorption process.     

Synthesis,Characterization and Application of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) with a Mass Ratio of Lactic to Glycolic Segments of 52/48

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA) is one of the most representative degradable copolymers and promising drug carriers. In the current paper, the PLGAs with a lactic acid/ glycolic acid(LA/GA) molar ratio of 52/48 and various molecular weights were prepared by a melting method. The molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, and thermal stability were determined by ¹H NMR and thermogravimetric analysis methods. The results demonstrated that PLGAs with the fixed LA/GA molar ratio(52/48), different molecular weights, and narrow molecular weight distribution could be obtained by solely altering the reaction time. The PLGA films were prepared, and their properties including micro-structure, mechanical property, in-vitro cytotoxicity, and biodegradability were characterized. In combination with the homogeneous microstructures and mechanical properties, the drug-loading and releasing properties of PLGA_3.2 films were investigated. The results show that PLGA_3.2 film with an LA/GA molar ratio of 52/48 is a promising curcumin carrier.     

Morphological Characterization of Electrospun Nano-Fibrous Membranes of Biodegradable Poly(L-lactide) and Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)

Hydrophobic biodegradable polyesters, poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), were electrospun on different types of collectors to induce morphological changes in the nanofibrous membrane. On the metal collector smooth nonwoven membranes were obtained for both PLLA and PLGA, while on the water reservoir the surface of the membranes became rough due to shrinkage and slow charge dissipation. When NaCl was added to water to enhance the conductivity, the roughness of the membrane surface was changed, yet the shrinkage remained relatively unchanged. The crystallization of PLLA electospun material on the metal plate was suppressed because of the rapid solvent evaporation, however, upon annealing above the glass transition temperature for 24 hr the PLLA membrane became crystallized. When electrospun on the water reservoir, the PLLA membrane remained amorphous. Crystalline PLLA was obtained by electrospinning on the methanol reservoir due to the swelling of nanofibers by methanol.     

Molecular Imprinting Fibrous Membranes of Poly（ acrylonitrile-co-acrylic acid） Prepared by Electrospinning

Introduction Overthepastfewdecades,molecularimprinting hasbeendescribedasatechnologyforpreparing“mo leculardoors”whichcanbematchedto“template keys”.Ithasbeenfoundtobeasimpleandeffective approachtointroducespecificrecognitionsitesintosyn theticpolymers…     

聚乳酸-乙醇酸/纳米氧化锌复合电纺纤维装载亲疏水药物的控释及体外细胞毒性

利用静电纺丝技术制备了负载亲水性药物阿霉素(DOX)以及疏水性药物喜树碱(CPT)的复合纳米纤维. 先用巯基封端的普朗尼克(F127)修饰纳米氧化锌(FZnO), 再将FZnO负载盐酸阿霉素(DOX@FZnO), 最后将DOX@FZnO与CPT一起纺入聚乳酸-乙醇酸(PLGA)纤维中. 体外药物释放结果表明, 复合纳米纤维能够减小亲水性药物的突释, 减缓药物释放速率, 延长药物释放时间. 体外细胞活性结果表明, 双载药复合纤维比单载药复合纤维具有更强的细胞毒性, 能够有效抑制癌细胞生长.     

Study of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) interactions with collagen

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is excellent to fabricate drug delivery systems that prolong the release of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), with current research focusing on their possible use for bone regeneration in odontological practice.Herein, we evaluate PLGA interactions with a component of the buccal cavity, as collagen, using monolayers and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques.Our results indicate that interactions in the PLGA-collagen mixtures showed no phase separation and attraction forces were detected irrespective of the concentration ratio.     

Nanofibrous Membranes Containing Carbon Nanotubes: Electrospun for Redox Enzyme Immobilization

Summary: Nanofibrous membranes that possess reactive groups are fabricated by the electrospinning process from PANCAA solutions that contain MWCNTs. Field emission scanning electron microscopy is used to evaluate the morphology and diameter of the nanofibers. Potentials for applying these nanofibrous membranes to immobilize redox enzymes by covalent bonding are explored. It is envisaged that the electrospun nanofibrous membranes could provide a large specific area and the MWCNTs could donate/accept electrons for the immobilized redox enzymes. Results indicate that, after blending with MWCNTs, the diameter of the PANCAA nanofiber increases slightly. The PANCAA/MWCNT nanofibrous membranes immobilize more enzymes than that without MWCNTs. Moreover, as the concentration of the MWCNTs increases, the activity of the immobilized catalase is enhanced by about 42%, which is mainly attributed to the promoted electron transfer through charge‐transfer complexes and the π system of MWCNTs.

The covalent immobilization of redox enzymes, such as catalase, on a PANCAA/MWCNTs nanofiber.     

聚全氟乙丙烯中空纤维膜的制备及性能

以聚全氟乙丙烯(FEP)为成膜聚合物,MT-Ⅱ型复合粉为致孔剂,邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)为稀释剂,采用熔融纺丝拉伸法制备了FEP中空纤维膜,研究了其耐酸碱等性能.结果表明,FEP中空纤维膜的表面具有由拉伸孔、界面孔及溶出孔组成的多重孔结构,而其横截面为均匀分布的海绵状孔结构.FEP中空纤维膜经质量分数为25%的硫酸水溶液和25%的氢氧化钠水溶液分别处理60 d后,膜的化学结构未发生变化,而且平均孔径增大,孔径分布变窄,断裂强度保持率分别在86.8%及80.8%以上,耐酸碱性明显优于商业化聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)中空纤维膜,显示出优异的化学稳定性及良好的热稳定性.     

Photo-grafting Poly(acrylic acid) onto Poly(lactic acid) Chains in Solution

Poly(lactic acid)(PLA)is one of the most important bio-plastics,and chemical modification of the already-polymerized poly(lactic acid)chains may enable optimization of its material properties and expand its application areas.In this study,we demonstrated that poly(lactic acid)can be readily dissolved in acrylic acid at room temperature,and acrylic acid can be graft-polymerized onto poly(lactic acid)chains in solution with the help of photoinitiator benzophenone under 254 nm ultraviolet(UV)irradiation.Similar photo-grafting polymerization of acrylic acid(PAA)has only been studied before in the surface modification of polymer films.The graft ratio could be controlled by various reaction parameters,including irradiation time,benzophenone content,and monomer/polymer ratios.This photo-grafting reaction resulted in high graft ratio(graft ratio PAA/PLA up to 180%)without formation of homopolymers of acrylic acid.When the PAA/PLA graft ratio was higher than 100%,the resulting PLA-g-PAA polymer was found dispersible in water.The pros and cons of the photo-grafting reaction were also discussed.     

Electrospun Poly(acrylonitrile-co-acrylic acid) Nanofibrous Membranes for Catalase Immobilization:Effect of Porphyrin Filling on the Enzyme Activity

Porphyrin-filled nanofibrous membranes were facilely prepared by electrospinning of the mixtures of poly(acrylonitrile-co-acrylic acid)(PANCAA) and porphyrins. 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenylporphyrin(TPP) and its metal-loderivatives(ZnTPP and CuTPP) were studied as filling mediators for the immobilization of redox enzyme. Results indicate that the introduction of TPP, ZnTPP and CuTPP improves the retention activity of the immobilized catalase. Among these three porphyrins, the ZnTPP-filled PANCAA nanofibrous membra...