银的催化分光光度测定

本文研究了用银离子催化过硫酸盐氧化亚铈盐以测定银的催化分光光度测定法.当测定波长为410毫微米时,银量由4～60微克/毫升与 D-t 直线的斜率成直线关系;若测定波长为330毫微米,斜率与银量的直线关系范围为0. 2～24微克/毫升.测定的最低浓度为0. 2微克/毫升.测定的适宜条件为:取0. 025M 硫酸亚铈盐5毫升,2N 硫酸1～7毫升和不同量银离子,以及0. 05M 过硫酸盐10. 00毫升稀释成25. 00毫升.并研究了温度及一些杂质离子对测定的影响.应用银离子催化某些反应速度以测定银的分析方法已有一些报导,银离子催化过硫酸盐氧化三价铈的反应:2Ce~3+S_2O_8~(2-)(?)2Ce~4+2SO_4~(2-)虽已证明反应速度与三价铈离子的浓度无关,与过硫酸盐浓度及银离子浓度成正比,但这反应还未见被利用.我们采用催化光度斜率法应用上述反应进行了银的测定试验,银离子最低浓度可达0. 2微克/毫升,且许多杂质离子的存在对测定影响不大.     

多元络合物显色反应的研究ⅩⅩⅢ.Ag(Ⅰ)-镉试剂 A-吐温80体系

在吐温80存在下.在 pH9.2～9.8时,Ag(Ⅰ)与隔试剂 A 生成水溶性的红色络合物,最大吸收波长为525nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为ε_(525)=8.6×10~4.络合物瞬时发色,30分钟内吸光度稳定不变.当银含量在0～15微克/50毫升时符合比尔定律.Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Hg(Ⅱ)等离子干扰测定.我们用氨三乙酸掩蔽 Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、Cu(Ⅱ)、Zn(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)等离子的干扰,可以不经分离,直接光度法测定废水中的微量银.应用于照相定影液废水中的微量银的测定,结果满意.对10微克/50毫升银的回收率均在95～105%以内。本文均较文献[1,2]灵敏。     

银(Ⅰ)催化鲁米诺-过硫酸钾体系化学发光反应的研究——矿石中痕量银的流动注射化学发光分析法

作者用自行研制的流动注射式化学发光分析仪系统地研究了银(Ⅰ)催化鲁米诺-过硫酸钾体系的化学发光反应,确定了反应的最佳条件,研究了20余种金属离子的干扰情况。方法的线性范围为1×10~(-5)—1×10~(-8)克/毫升银(Ⅰ),时1×10~(-7)克/毫升银(Ⅰ)进行11次测定的变异系数小于4.0％。由于采用巯基棉交换柱分离干扰离子,有效地排除了大多数金属离子的干扰,为矿石中痕量银的测定提供了一个灵敏、快速、具有实际意义的分析方法。     

一个新的催化光度测定痕量钴的指示反应

本文研究了钴对过氧化氢与对氨基二乙基苯胺硫酸盐的氧化还原反应的催化作用,并用以测定痕量钴(Ⅱ),其测定下限可达10~(-12)克/毫升量级,测定范围为0—0.16微克钴(Ⅱ)50毫升。拟定了一个新的催化动力学测定钴(Ⅱ)的分析方法。方法块速、简便。测定的变异系数为1.31—2.70%。     

ICP光谱法测定有机试液中微量铀

本文叙述了用电感耦合等离子体(ICP)光谱法测定磷酸三丁酯-煤油试液中的微量铀.采用乙醇作稀释剂.在低功率(阳极电压3800伏,阳极电流600毫安)条件下进行测定.在95%乙醇-5%磷酸三丁酯煤油试液中,测定下限为0.1微克/毫升.当铀浓度为2微克/毫升(乙醇-磷酸三丁酯煤油试液)时相对标准偏差为6%.本法的测定结果和固体荧光法一致.     

巯基棉富集分离极谱吸附波测定矿石中微量金

在含有金的玫瑰红银试剂-盐酸体系中,玫瑰红银试剂被3价金所氧化,其氧化产物在-0.91伏出现一吸附波,利用此波间接测定微量金,具有较高的测定灵敏度(4×10~(-8)M),但在盐酸溶液中试验空白值不够稳定,影响测定下限。试验发现在1M高氯酸介质中含2.5×10~(-5)M玫瑰红银试剂-0.1%盐酸羟胺-0.05M柠檬酸的底液中,试验空白值趋近于零,可用于1微克以下金的测定。金量在0.1—15微克/10毫升范围内与峰高呈线性关系。矿样分解后通过泡沫塑料和巯基棉两次分离富集,可与共存元素分离,消除干扰。方法适于矿石中0.05克/吨以上金的测定。一、主要试剂及仪器金标准溶液取光谱纯金以王水溶解,配制成每毫升含10微克金的标准液。玫瑰红银试剂(0.0025M)取0.0065克试剂用10毫升盐酸溶解(用时配制)。泡沫塑料多孔聚醚型聚氯脂泡沫塑料,剪成     

铑(Ⅲ)与5-Cl-PADAB显色反应的研究

4-[(5-Cl-2-吡啶)偶氮Ⅰ-1,3-二氨基苯(简称5-Cl-PADAB),其结构与5-Br-PADAP相似,是测定钴的灵敏试剂,但尚未见5-Cl-PADAB与铑(Ⅲ)的显色反应的报导。本文系统地研究了Rh(Ⅲ)与5-Cl-PADAB的显色反应及其用于光度法测定的可能性。实验证明,该试剂与铑离子的显色反应是目前文献报导中最灵敏的方法之一。显色最适宜的pH为3—4;络合物组成为Rh:5-Cl-PADAB=1:3;不稳定常数为3.1×10~(-16);摩尔吸光系数ε_(555)=9.9×10~4;桑德尔灵敏度为0.001微克/厘米~2;标准加料试验的回收率在95%以上,铑量在0—20微克/25毫升     

银(Ⅰ)—镉试剂2B-OP胶束增溶光度法测定纯铋及铅基合金中银

本文在文献的基础上,研究了在乳化剂OP存在下,以Na_2B_4O_7-NaOH为缓冲液,在pH9.3—10.0时Ag(Ⅰ)与镉试剂2B的显色反应。结果表明,试剂的吸收峰位于445nm处,络合物的吸收峰位于560nm处,对比度△λ为115nm,表观摩尔吸收系数为1.02×10~5。在25毫升溶液中0—15微克银服从比尔定律。络合物显色迅速并至少可稳定24小时。加入1毫升2％的EDTA溶液为掩蔽剂使方法具有很好的选择性,以下共存离子(以毫克计)对10微克银的测定无干扰:酒石酸钠(200),焦磷酸钠(100),氟化钾(50),Al~(3+)(10),Pb(3)、Zn~(2+)、Fe~(3+)、Cd~(2+)、RE~(3+)、Cu~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Mn~(2+)(1),Sb~(3+)(0.5),Te~(4+)(0.4),     

微量钒的催化测定

本文报告利用钒对氯酸钾氧化联苯胺反应的催化作用,比色测定微量钒的方法. 在微酸性溶液中,氯酸钾与联苯胺反应速度极小,但钒能催化此反应,若同时有8-羟基喹啉,则增强催化作用.反应生成的红色产物在510毫微米处有最大吸收.当溶液的pH保持2.5-3.0时,催化反应速度随温度而升高,在沸腾溶液中的催化速度比10°时约大四千倍.适当延长或缩短加热时间,可使所生成的有色溶液适于分光光度测定.当钒浓度在0.0001-10微克/毫升范围时,皆符合Beer定律.且灵敏度较高.钒浓度为0.05微克/毫升时,平均误差为±2%. 在每毫升欲测溶液中,钾、钠、氯离子、硝酸根达5毫克;铵、钙(Ⅱ)、镁(Ⅱ)、溴离子达1毫克;铀(Ⅵ)、硼(Ⅲ)、氟离子达0.2毫克;锌(Ⅱ)、镉(Ⅱ)、镍(Ⅱ)、铅(Ⅱ)、锰(Ⅱ)达0.1毫克;钴(Ⅱ)、铝(Ⅲ)达0.05毫克;铜(Ⅱ)达0.02毫克皆无干扰.银(Ⅰ)、钼(Ⅳ)达0.02毫克;钨(Ⅵ)达0.01毫克稍干扰.铁(Ⅲ)、铬(Ⅲ,Ⅵ)、硫酸根等干扰.     

催化分光光度法测定高纯氯化铷、氯化铯和去离子水中的痕量铁

利用铁(Ⅲ或Ⅱ)催化空气氧化还原型苯胺蓝的指示反应以测定痕量铁,其最大吸收波长为598nm,方法检出限为5×10~(-11)克铁/毫升,工作曲线在0—0.20微克铁/10毫升范围内符合比耳定律,本文在文献的基础上当以纯氯化钠为基底绘制工作曲线时,用含氯化钠的试剂空白作参比,可消除Cl引起的负干扰。     

Rapid kinetic determination of silver (I), using in-cuvette mixing and computerized data acquisition

 The determination of silver(I) based on its catalytic effect on the oxidation of indigo carmine with hexacyanoferrate(III) is described. The reaction is monitored spectrophotometrically by means of a home-made rapid system with computer data acquisition. The decrease in absorbance of indigo carmine at 612 nm, pH 6 and at a fixed concentration of hexacyanoferrate(III) and indigo carmine is proportional to the concentration of Ag(I). The acquired data based on the initial rate and fixed time are processed. Up to 100.0 μg/ml of silver are determined. The limit of detection and average relative standard deviation are 0.13 μg/ml and 1.9%, respectively. The effect of foreign ions on the determination of silver is also discussed. The proposed method is applied to the determination of Ag(I) in expired photographic film. Received: 17 June 1996 / Revised: 26 July 1996 / Accepted: 2 August 1996     

过硫酸钾氧化偶氮荧光桃红催化光度法测定痕量银

以过硫酸盐氧化偶氮类试剂催化动力学法测定银,多数线性范围较窄、选择性欠佳。本文建立了以偶氮荧光桃红作指示物质、α,α′-联吡啶作活化剂的催化光度法,测定痕量银检出限为1.0×10^-4μg/mL,线性范围2.0×10^-4～4.0×10^-2μg/mL,灵敏度高,选择性好。用于测定鄂铜矿中银,结果满意。采用自装的微机动力学数据处理系统,测试简便、准确。     

Assessment of silver(I) complexes of salicylaldehyde derivatives—histidine Schiff base as novel α-glucosidase inhibitors

In this study, a novel class of histidine Schiff base silver (I) complexes derived from salicylaldehyde, 1a-9a, was found to be an effective inhibitor of α-glucosidase. The results of this study showed that the newly synthesized complexes inhibited α-glucosidase through noncompetitive mechanisms; the IC₅₀ values were ranging from 0.00431 μmol L^-1 to 0.492 μmol L^-1. The structure-activity relationship was established as well. These results demonstrated that compound 7a, 5-nitro salicylaldehyde Schiff base silver complex, is the most promising α-glucosidase inhibitor with the lowest IC₅₀ value, which could be exploited as a drug candidate to alleviate postprandial hyperglycemia in the treatment of type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus. This research provided a catalyst-free, simple, and environmentally benign reaction to synthesize compounds using mechanochemistry.     

离子选择性电极动力学分析法测定银

光度法测定某些金属离子催化K_4Fe(CN)_6与水的取代反应的动力学分析已有报道,但干扰较多,灵敏度低。用氰离子选择电极的电位动力学法测定Hg~(2+)、Au~(3+)已有研究。本文探讨了对银离子的测定,发现在一定条件下银离子浓度与电位值的变化有线性关系,线性范围在2.5×10~(19)～8.0×10~(-8)mol/L。此法干扰较少,灵敏度高。同时对该反应的机理也进行了初步探讨。     

A simple thermometric technique for reaction-rate determination of inorganic species, based on the iodide-catalysed cerium(IV)-arsenic(III) reaction

A very simple reaction-rate thermometric technique is used for determination of iodide (5-20 ng ml ), based on its catalytic action on the cerium(IV)-arsenic(III) reaction, and for determination of mercury(II) (1.5-10 ng ml ) and silver(I) (2-10 ng ml ), based on their inhibitory effect on this reaction. The reaction is followed by measuring the rate of temperature increase. The method suffers from very few interferences and is applied to determination of iodide in biological and inorganic samples, and Hg(II) and Ag(I) in pharmaceutical products.     

氧化铁和羟基氧化铁光催化还原银离子

在波长λ≥320 nm的紫外灯照射下, 水溶液中的银离子能在氧化铁和羟基氧化铁催化剂表面发生还原反应而生成颗粒银. 在这些催化剂上, Ag(I)的等温吸附线都符合Langmuir吸附方程; Ag(I)的初始还原速率均随其初始吸附量的增加而线性增大, 并且增大的幅度依α-Fe2O3>α-FeOOH>γ-Fe2O3>γ-FeOOH>δ-FeOOH的顺序降低. 但是, 在前三种催化剂上, 只有当Ag(I)的吸附量达到其饱和吸附量的一半时, Ag(I)的还原才能发生, 并且几乎不受氮气的影响. 在δ-FeOOH和TiO2体系中通入氮气, 能显著加快Ag(I)的光催化还原. 这说明O2与Ag(I)竞争催化剂上的吸附位点和还原物种, 且与催化剂的性质有关. XRD分析表明, α-Fe2O3和δ-FeOOH分别具有较好和较差的结晶度. 这说明氧化铁和羟基氧化铁的结晶度越高, 越有利于光生载流子的分离及其与表面目标物种发生氧化还原反应.     

Analytical applications of the o-dianisidine-persulfate reaction: Kinetic determination of silver and cobalt

A kinetic method for the silver determination based on the catalytic effect of Ag(I) on the oxidation of o-dianisidine by persulfate at pH = 4.5 in the presence of 1,10-phenanthroline is proposed. Ag(I) can be determined by measuring the absorbance of the reaction product at 450 nm, using the fixed time method. Co(II) does not have a catalytic effect in the reaction, but in the simultaneous presence of silver and cobalt the reaction shows an induction period the length of which is related to the Ag/Co molar ratio. As a consequence, two new methods for the determination of cobalt and silver using the induction period method are proposed. The two methods for silver are applied to the determination of silver in lead.     

Simultaneous Determination of Micro Bromide and Iodide by Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACTA new kinetic spectrophotometric method for the simultaneous determination of concentrations of micro bromide and iodide has been proposed. It is based on their catalytic effects on the reaction of m-cresol purple oxidized by potassium periodate in hydrochloride acid medium. The reaction rate was monitored by measuring the decrease in absorbance at 528nm and the increase in absorbance at 455nm. The total difference in absorbance of the sum of bromide and iodide is identical with determination of bromide was carried out after Cr(VI) oxidized I? to I₂, and I₂ was removed by extraction with CCI₄, and the amount of iodide was measured by subtracting the absorbance change of bromide from the total absorbance change in the presence of bromine and iodide. The optimum conditions influencing the reaction rate were studied. The linear range of determination is 0～4.0μg/ml for Br? and 0～3.0 μg/ml for I?. The detection limits are 0.032μg/ml for Br? and 0.059 μ/ml for I?. The method was successfully applied to the determination of micro amounts of bromide and iodide in food and life samples.     

痕量镉的催化动力学荧光分析法

Guilbault等曾捉及利用Cd(Ⅱ)对酶催化非荧光物质高香草酸氧化为强荧光化合物反应的抑制作用可测定镉,但迄今尚未见利用催化动力学荧光分析法测定痕量镉的报道,本文拟利用Cd(Ⅱ)和咪唑对Co(Ⅲ)-T(4-SP)P络合物生成反应的催化作用,建立痕量镉的催化动力学荧光分析法。     

Catalytic activity and complexation-iv 2,2'-Bipyridyl as activator for the catalytic ultramicro determination of silver

The activation of the catalytic persulphate oxidation of sulphanilic acid when the catalyst, silver(I), is suitably complexed, is discussed. 2,2'-Bipyridyl is proposed as activator as it accelerates the rate-determining step of the process-the oxidation of silver(I) to silver(II). The mechanism of activation is investigated and discussed in detail. On the basis of these investigations a catalytic method has been developed for the determination of silver(I), with a sensitivity of 4 x 10(-4)mug ml and +/-7.6% relative error.