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《International Journal of Approximate Reasoning》2014,55(8):1787-1804
Rule acquisition is one of the most important objectives in the analysis of decision systems. Because of the interference of errors, a real-world decision system is generally inconsistent, which can lead to the consequence that some rules extracted from the system are not certain but possible rules. In practice, however, the possible rules with high confidence are also useful in making decision. With this consideration, we study how to extract from an interval-valued decision system the compact decision rules whose confidences are not less than a pre-specified threshold. Specifically, by properly defining a binary relation on an interval-valued information system, the concept of interval-valued granular rules is presented for the interval-valued decision system. Then, an index is introduced to measure the confidence of an interval-valued granular rule and an implication relationship is defined between the interval-valued granular rules whose confidences are not less than the threshold. Based on the implication relationship, a confidence-preserved attribute reduction approach is proposed to extract compact decision rules and a combinatorial optimization-based algorithm is developed to compute all the reducts of an interval-valued decision system. Finally, some numerical experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the reduction approach and the gain of using the possible rules in making decision. 相似文献
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知识约简是概念格理论的核心问题之一.主要讨论协调区间值决策形式背景的知识约简问题.首先从经典的协调决策形式背景出发,定义了协调区间值决策形式背景,同时给出了协调区间值决策形式背景上决策保序集的定义和判定定理,并进一步阐明了决策保序集和协调集之间的关系,然后通过定义辨识矩阵,给出了协调区间值决策形式背景的属性约简方法. 相似文献
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规则获取是当前形式概念分析领域的研究热点.首先给出了基于对象导出三支概念格间的细于关系,定义了基于对象导出三支概念格的三支弱协调性,并研究了其与经典概念格下的二支弱协调性之间的关系.然后,研究了基于对象导出三支概念格的规则获取,并与经典概念格的规则获取进行了比较.最后,定义了对象导出三支概念的弱闭标记,研究了基于弱闭标记的三支弱协调决策形式背景的规则获取,剔除了冗余规则,并且得到一些新的更为精简的三支规则. 相似文献
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Linear stochastic programming provides a flexible toolbox for analyzing real-life decision situations, but it can become computationally
cumbersome when recourse decisions are involved. The latter are usually modeled as decision rules, i.e., functions of the
uncertain problem data. It has recently been argued that stochastic programs can quite generally be made tractable by restricting
the space of decision rules to those that exhibit a linear data dependence. In this paper, we propose an efficient method
to estimate the approximation error introduced by this rather drastic means of complexity reduction: we apply the linear decision
rule restriction not only to the primal but also to a dual version of the stochastic program. By employing techniques that
are commonly used in modern robust optimization, we show that both arising approximate problems are equivalent to tractable
linear or semidefinite programs of moderate sizes. The gap between their optimal values estimates the loss of optimality incurred
by the linear decision rule approximation. Our method remains applicable if the stochastic program has random recourse and
multiple decision stages. It also extends to cases involving ambiguous probability distributions. 相似文献
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《Fuzzy Sets and Systems》1987,23(2):191-203
This paper presents a decision rule based on the so-called interval-valued fuzzy method of approximate inference. Furthermore, a classical decision algorithm (the so-called threshold rule) is considered. On the basis of the results of a numerical experiment a comparison of effectiveness is made between the two decision rules in selected signal transmission problems. 相似文献
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Jean-François Caulier Ana Mauleon Vincent Vannetelbosch 《International Journal of Game Theory》2013,42(2):483-499
We consider situations where players are part of a network and belong to coalitions in a given coalition structure. We propose the concept of contractual stability to predict the networks that are going to emerge at equilibrium when the consent of coalition partners is needed for adding or deleting links. Two different decision rules for consent are analyzed: simple majority and unanimity. We characterize the coalition structures that make the strongly efficient network contractually stable under the unanimity decision rule and the coalition structures that sustain some critical network as contractually stable under the simple majority decision rule and under any decision rule requiring the consent of any proportion of coalition partners. Requiring the consent of coalition members may help to reconcile stability and efficiency in some classical models of network formation. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Operational Research》2006,174(2):945-958
This paper proposes a fuzzy knowledge acquisition method to discover simplified fuzzy if-then rules, where the antecedent and consequent parts of a fuzzy if-then rule are referred to as a combination of linguistic values and the corresponding utility, respectively, from questionnaire data regarding the consumers’ subjective evaluation for a product or service. The main aim of the proposed method is to support decision makers in making appropriate marketing strategies, by identifying factors of concern to consumers through the analysis of the combinations of linguistic values with higher or lower utilities. To demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method, computer simulations and possible marketing strategy analysis are performed on the rice taste data and the questionnaire data that evaluates the service quality of fast food stores. 相似文献
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随机效应模型中方差分量的经验Bayes检验问题 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
给出了双向分类随机效应模型中方差分量的Bayes检验的判决函数,利用核估计的方法,构造了相应的经验Bayes(EB)检验的判决函数.在适当的条件下证明了EB判决函数是渐近最优的且有收敛速度.给出了模型的特例和推广.最后,举出一个满足定理条件的例子. 相似文献
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Scott F. Turner Richard A. Bettis Richard M. Burton 《Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory》2002,8(1):49-73
This paper provides an early attempt at operationalizing and testing the concept of knowledge strategy. Using a computer-simulated product development process, we compare the performance of generalist and specialist knowledge management strategies under conditions of market turbulence. The generalist knowledge strategy emphasizes breadth of knowledge in product development teams, while the specialist strategy focuses on depth of knowledge. Our generalist and specialist strategies are grounded in Eastern and Western perspectives of knowledge management, respectively. A primary difference between these two approaches is the strong emphasis on cross-learning, or learning across team members, in the Eastern perspective relative to the Western perspective. As such, we examine the performance implications of different modes of cross-learning for teams utilizing the generalist knowledge strategy. Specifically, we examine three modes of cross-learning, which are reflected in the use of three learning decision rules: (1) averaging, (2) majority, and (3) hot hand. A learning decision rule indicates how decision-makers learn from their fellow team members. Under the first rule, the decision-maker adopts an average of the beliefs held by fellow team members. Under the second rule, if a majority of fellow team members agree on a particular solution, then the decision-maker adopts the beliefs held by the majority. Under the third rule, the decision-maker learns from the team member whose beliefs have been consistent with market desires most recently. Surprisingly, we find that specialist strategies outperform generalist strategies under conditions of low and high market turbulence. We also find that cross-learning can be beneficial or detrimental, contingent upon the mode of learning. Generalist teams utilizing the averaging decision rule perform significantly worse, while generalist teams utilizing the hot hand decision rule perform significantly better. 相似文献
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研究错误逻辑的知识表达模型,以错误逻辑理论结合生态文明"五位一体"所构建的生态文明建设指标体系,进行基于对象识别的知识表达.指标体系内的各元素分别被定义为错误逻辑模型中的事物、特征、函数和规则.建模时,首先进行事物分解,第二步进行特定事物下对应的特性及规则分解,最后根据判别规则G对错误函数f形式的影响,对各项指标所适用的错误函数类型进行分类.对象的生成可以为用矩阵这样的数据结构对逻辑知识进行系统化组织做前期准备. 相似文献
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A novel interval set approach is proposed in this paper to induce classification rules from incomplete information table, in which an interval-set-based model to represent the uncertain concepts is presented. The extensions of the concepts in incomplete information table are represented by interval sets, which regulate the upper and lower bounds of the uncertain concepts. Interval set operations are discussed, and the connectives of concepts are represented by the operations on interval sets. Certain inclusion, possible inclusion, and weak inclusion relations between interval sets are presented, which are introduced to induce strong rules and weak rules from incomplete information table. The related properties of the inclusion relations are proved. It is concluded that the strong rules are always true whatever the missing values may be, while the weak rules may be true when missing values are replaced by some certain known values. Moreover, a confidence function is defined to evaluate the weak rule. The proposed approach presents a new view on rule induction from incomplete data based on interval set. 相似文献
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利用赋值集的随机化方法,在n值Lukasiewicz命题逻辑系统中引入公式的随机真度,证明了随机真度的MP规则、HS规则及交推理规则;同时引入公式间的随机相似度和随机伪距离,建立了随机逻辑度量空间,推导出随机相似度的若干性质,证明了随机逻辑度量空间中逻辑运算的连续性;并在随机逻辑度量空间中提出了三种不同类型的近似推理模式,证明了三种近似推理模式的等价性. 相似文献
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We develop a local flux mimetic finite difference method for second order elliptic equations with full tensor coefficients
on polyhedral meshes. To approximate the velocity (vector variable), the method uses two degrees of freedom per element edge
in two dimensions and n degrees of freedom per n-gonal mesh face in three dimensions. To approximate the pressure (scalar variable), the method uses one degree of freedom
per element. A specially chosen quadrature rule for the L
2-product of vector-functions allows for a local flux elimination and reduction of the method to a cell-centered finite difference
scheme for the pressure unknowns. Under certain assumptions, first-order convergence is proved for both variables and second-order
convergence is proved for the pressure. The assumptions are verified on simplicial meshes for a particular quadrature rule
that leads to a symmetric method. For general polyhedral meshes, non-symmetric methods are constructed based on quadrature
rules that are shown to satisfy some of the assumptions. Numerical results confirm the theory. 相似文献