Etching Characteristic of Graphite and Metal Substrates by Hydrocarbon Plasma in Closed Cavity

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - Plasma can be used to effectively remove coke from a metal surface. The plasma etching conditions of coke and emission spectrum characteristics on the metal...     

Temporal Evolution of Polarization Resolved Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of Cu

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - Polarization-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy based on a temporal investigation of polarized Cu plasma emission is presented by a gated...     

Optical Emission Spectroscopy Study of Plasma-Precursor Interactions in TiO2 Suspension Plasma Spray

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - The influence of plasma power on liquid precursor decomposition in suspension plasma spray (SPS) is studied with optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The...     

Transient Hg,Ba+, Ca+ and Y+ Optical Emission Lines of a Mercury HID Lamp Exposed to X-Ray: Thermal Analysis of the Tungsten Electrode with Emissive Mixture Based on Barium,Calcium and Yttrium

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - A study is made on optical emission spectrum modification during X-ray exposure, in the case of a high-pressure mercury discharge lamp operated at several...     

On the Use of the Numerical Simulation of the First Positive System of N2: I. Emission and LIF Analysis

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - Numerical modeling of the first positive system of N2 (B3Πg-A3Σu+ has been applied to analyze the plasma-induced emission and the laser-induced...     

Strong Sensitized Ultraviolet Luminescence from He–C2F4–NO Flowing Plasma Afterglow: A Route to Short-Wavelength Gas-Flow Lasers?

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - Unexpected strong ultraviolet emission has been observed from the merger of two low-pressure supersonic gas-flows previously leaving two radiofrequency (RF)...     

Radiative Emissions in Visible–IR of Krypton Excilamp: Experimental and Theoretical Interpretations

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - The paper presents an experimental and theoretical study of the radiative emission in the pure krypton lamp excited by dielectric barrier discharge....     

Densities of Active Species in R/x%(N2–5%H2) (R = Ar or He) Microwave Flowing Afterglows

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - Afterglows of R/x(N2–5%H2) (R?=?Ar or He) flowing microwave discharges are characterized by optical emission spectroscopy. Absolute...     

Emission Spectrometric Evaluation of a Hollow-Cathode Glow Discharge Plasma with Helium–Oxygen Mixed Gas for Surface Modification of Co–Cr–Mo Alloy

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - This paper represents emission spectrometric analysis of a hollow-cathode glow discharge plasma with helium–oxygen mixed gas for surface treatment of...     

Ionic Wind Intensity Enhancement and Ozone Reduction in a Solid-State Fan Via Electromagnetic Field Action

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - It is crucial to develop a green solid-state fan (SSF) with high corona wind intensity and minimal ozone emission. The application of a magnetic field might...     

Rapid survey analysis of polymeric materials by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. An analytical note

An Nd-Yag laser (1064 nm) in combination with a multichannel emission spectrometer was used for rapid survey analysis of polymers and paints. A novel design feature of the ablation chamber was the incorporation of a graphite furnace to effect electrothermal pretreatments of samples. Transient emission signals were studied as a function of laser operating mode, laser duration and flashlamp energy.Presented in part at the 1989 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Reutte, Austria     

An ICP-excited ICP resonance monochromator and fluorescence spectrometer for the analysis of trace to major sample constituents

A 20 solution of the element of interest is aspirated into a 1500 W Ar ICP and the resulting emission is used to excite atomic and ionic fluorescence of a sample aspirated into a second ICP. Detection limits are comparable to ICP-AES. By aspirating the sample into the source ICP and measuring its emission using the second plasma as a resonance monochromator, linear dynamic ranges up to 5 × 10⁷ can be achieved. Plasma emission background and spectral interferences are minimal compared to ICP-AES because of the selectivity of the fluorescence technique. The present system should be considered as a viable alternative to emission spectrometry in order to alleviate spectral interferences which may occur in complex sample matrices, without the need for an expensive, high resolution monochromator.     

锂嵌脱化合物LiMn2O4的微波烧结研究

本文用微波烧结法合成锂嵌脱材料ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４，研究了微波烧结功率，时间的固态产物相的影响，对ＬｉＭｎ２Ｏ４单相多晶粉末进行了ＸＲＤ，ＩＲＭ，ＸＰＳ，等离子体发射光谱及氧化还原等测试。     

ESCA and optical emission study of the inductively coupled RF plasma copolymerization of naphthalene and octafluoronaphthalene mixtures

Plasma polymerization of octafluoronaphthalene, naphthalene, and 1 : 1 mixtures of the two yielded thin films which were then analyzed by ESCA. Optical emission was recorded during deposition and the resultant spectra are shown. Deposition of the copolymer at 150°C resulted in a film whose composition was different from that deposited at room temperature and from the single plasma polymers. Copolymerization resulted in a lowering of CF₂ functionalities and an increased retention of the aromatic nature of the monomers. Optical emission of CF₂ during copolymerization was greatly reduced as was a peak at about 510 nm.     

The role of continuum radiation in laser induced plasma spectroscopy

This paper focuses on the interpretation of the origin of the continuum radiation in Laser Induced Plasma (LIP) emission spectra, a subject that has received little consideration in the literature when compared to the analysis of the line emission spectrum. The understanding of the spectral peculiarities observed immediately after the laser pulse, when the continuum radiation prevails on discrete emission lines, can be extremely important to retrieve the initial conditions of LIP and to correlate the produced plasma to the ablation mechanism. In this work, in addition to a qualitative interpretation of the LIP continuum in the initial stage of expansion, a methodology is proposed for a better measurement of the atomic temperature in the expansion stage of the LIP. Such methodology is based on the analysis of the combined Boltzmann and Planck plots. The results obtained stress once again the importance of considering non equilibrium effects in the initial stage of LIP expansion.     

Plasma emission spectroscopic detectors in HPLC for trace metal analysis and speciation

Plasma emission spectroscopic detection in HPLC has evolved into a significant method of metal analysis and speciation, providing information not readily available via most other HPLC-detector approaches. These newer 'hyphenated' techniques have been applied to a number of metal and nonmetal elements in a wide variety of sample matrices.     

Early stage emission spectroscopy study of metallic titanium plasma induced in air by femtosecond- and nanosecond-laser pulses

In this work the laser induced plasma obtained in air at atmospheric pressure by the interaction of a fs (femtosecond) or a ns (nanosecond) laser pulse with a metallic titanium target has been investigated by optical emission spectroscopy. The temporal evolution of plasma parameters such as electron number density and excitation temperature has been determined in order to highlight the processes involved when the emission spectra are acquired at short time delays from the ablating laser pulse. A survey of elementary processes implicated during plasma formation and expansion of ns- and fs-Laser Induced Plasma has been performed. Departures from equilibrium conditions are even discussed. The dynamic aspects corresponding to ns- and fs-LIP have been investigated by optical time of flight (TOF) and by fast emission imaging. The overall results have been used for clarifying the basic mechanisms occurring during plasma expansion due to either ns or fs laser source when experimental conditions usually used for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) applications are employed.     

Energy transport in the inductively coupled plasma

Time- and space-resolved electron density measurements, made both above the load coil and in the load coil region of a pulsed inductively coupled plasma, are presented. These data, coupled with argon and calcium emission data, give values for the rates of both radial and vertical transport in the plasma. The data indicate that analyte emission behavior is governed primarily by the rate at which the central channel can be heated through radial transport processes. The electron densities measured in the load coil region agree well with electron densities calculated by models assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium, but agree poorly with non-equilibrium models. Some of the timedependent emission behavior observed in previous work with modulated plasmas is explained by non-uniform heating of argon in the load coil region.Presented in part at the 1989 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Reutte, Austria     

Analysis of microgram amounts of particulate material by simultaneous multiwavelength AES

A unique simultaneous emission spectrograph is utilized to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on trace quantities of solid particulates. The atomic emission spectroscopic system consists of a direct current plasma source and an echelle spectrograph with a charge injection device detector, enabling the system to simultaneously measure the wavelength range from 220 nm to 520 nm with 0.02 nm resolution at 300 nm. Monitoring all wavelengths simultaneously allows the qualitative and quantitative determination of most major and minor constituent in a trace quantity of sample with little prior knowledge about the sample. The ability to perform qualitative and quantitative analysis on particulates is demonstrated by evaluating NBS certified coal fly ash, as well as a sample taken from the respirator air filter at an acute care unit in a hospital.Presented in part at the 1989 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Reutte, Austria     

Die Leistungsf?higkeit der ICP-Emissionsspektroskopie zur Bestimmung von Spurenelementen in biologisch-medizinischen und in Umweltproben

Zusammenfassung Die Möglichkeiten der ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma)-Emissionsspektroskopie für die quantitative Bestimmung von Spurenelementen in biologisch-medizinischen Proben (Gewebe, Körperflüssigkeiten) und in Umweltproben (Pflanzen, Böden, KlÄrschlÄmme u.a.) werden in alphabetischer Reihenfolge der Elemente an Hand von praktischen Beispielen aus dem tÄglichen Laborbetrieb diskutiert. Im besonderen wird auch auf mögliche Matrixeinflüsse, physikalische Interferenzen (Linienüberlagerungen), Wahl der optimalen GerÄteparameter und auf den Vergleich mit anderen analytischen Verfahren eingegangen.

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Efficiency of ICP emission spectroscopy for the determination of trace elements in bio-medical and environmental samples

Summary The possibilities of ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) emission spectroscopy for the quantitative determination of trace elements in bio-medical (tissues, body-fluids) and in environmental samples (plants, soils, sludges) are discussed in alphabetical order of the elements by means of practical examples. In particular, possible matrix influences, physical interferences (overlapping), choice of the device parameters and comparison with other analytical methods are described.