Evidence for two narrow pp resonances at 2020 MeV and 2200 MeV

From the study of the reaction $\text{π}{}^{\mathrm{?}}\text{p→p}{}_{\mathrm{F}}\text{p}\text{p}\text{π}{}^{\mathrm{?}}$ using a fast proton (p_F) trigger device in the CERN Omega spectrometer, we find evidence for two narrow $\text{p}\text{p}$ states produced mainly in association with a Δ° (1232) and a N° (1520). The statistical significance of each peak is greater than 6 standard deviations. Masses and natural widths of these resonances are respectively M = 2020 ± 3 MeV, Λ₁ = 24 ± 12 MeV and M₂ = 2204 ± 5 MeV, Λ₂ = 16_?16⁺²⁰ MeV. Our data are consistent with a small production of the narrow ～ 1935 MeV resonance already reported. Production cross sections for these new $\text{p}\text{p}$ resonances are given.     

The γ-decay of the g92 analogue state in 59Cu

An investigation of the γ-decay of the $\text{1}\text{g}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>9</mtext><mtext>2</mtext>}}$ analogue state in ⁵⁹Cu has been performed using the ⁵⁸Ni(p, γ)⁵⁹Cu reaction. The (p, γ) excitation function has been taken in the range E_p = 3450–3650 keV. The decay schemes of the (p, γ) resonances at E_p = 3483, 3532 and 3547 keV, measured with Ge(Li) detectors, lead to eight new levels in ⁵⁹Cu with excitation energies between 1.8 and 4.7 MeV and to spin assignments of several states. The spins of the first two resonances are found to be ($\text{1}\text{2}$, $\text{3}\text{2}$) and ($\text{5}\text{2}$). The spin of the E_p = 3547 keV resonan is, from angular distributions, uniquely determined to be $\text{J}{}^{\mathrm{\pi }}\text{=}\text{9}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{+}}$ and this state is found to be the unfragmented analogue state of the $\text{E}{}^1\text{= 3.062}\text{MeV}$, $\text{J}{}^{\mathrm{\pi }}\text{=}\text{9}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{+}}$ parent state in ⁵⁹Ni. The measured complete decay scheme of this resonance shows that its isovector M1 decay is in disagreement with all existing theoretical predictions.     

Remeasurement of the low-energy cross section for the 15N(p, α0)12C reaction

The cross section for the ${}^{15}\text{N(p}\text{, α}{}_0\text{)}{}^{12}\text{C}$ reaction has been measured at θ_lab = 135° over the proton energy range 93 ≦ E_p ≦ 418 keV. The results are in good agreement with the less precise but much earlier measurements of Schardt, Fowler and Lauritsen (1952). An analysis of the present data in terms of a two-level calculation including the 338 keV (1^?) and 1028 keV (1^?) resonances determines a zero-energy intercept for the astrophysical S-factor of S(0) = 78 ± 6 MeV · b.     

Competition cusps in (α, γ) reactions

Absolute cross sections are presented for the reactions ³⁷Cl(α, γ)⁴¹K for 2.90 MeV ≦ E^lab_α ≦ 5.23 MeV, ${}^{62}\text{Ni}\text{(α, γ)}{}^{66}\text{Zn}\text{for}\text{5.07}\text{MeV}\text{≦ E}{}_{\mathrm{\alpha }}{}^{\mathrm{?2}}\text{lab}\text{≦ 8.64}\text{MeV}\text{,}{}^{62}\text{Ni}\text{(α,}\text{n}\text{)}{}^{65}\text{Zn}$ for energies near the (α, n₀) threshold at $\text{E}{}_{\mathrm{\alpha }}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>lab</mtext>}}\text{= 6.90}\text{MeV up to}\text{8.76}\text{MeV}\text{,}{}^{64}\text{Ni}\text{(α, γ)}{}^{68}\text{Zn for}\text{4.50 ≦ E}{}_{\mathrm{\alpha }}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>lab</mtext>}}\text{≦ 7.45}\text{MeV}$, and for ⁶⁴Ni(α, n)⁶⁷N from E_α^lab = 5.30 MeV up to E_α = 7.45 MeV. Substantial competition cusps were observed in the excitation function for all three (α, γ) reactions. The data were found to be in reasonable agreement with the predictions of the current versions of global Hauser-Feshbach models used in nucleosynthesis calculations. Including width fluctuation corrections and realistic neutron strength functions generally improves the ability of the models to predict the depth of the (α, γ) competition cusps; the depths of the predicted (α,γ) cusps are insensitive to the degree of isospin mixing. Taken together with studies of competition effects in proton-induced reactions, the present data confirm the importance of width fluctuation and strength function effects, and indicate essentially complete isospin mixing between T^< and T^> states in the compound nucleus.     

Study of 11B at high excitations with the 9Be(3He,p)11B and 9Be(α, d)11B reactions

The nucleus ¹¹B has been studied over the excitation energy range from 8.5 MeV to 21.5 MeV with the ⁹Be(³He, p)¹¹B / reaction at / E_{³He = 38 MeV}. The analogs of the parent states in ¹¹Be have been located at 12.56, 12.92, 14.40, 16.44, 17.69, 18.0, 19.15 and 21.27 MeV. A complementary measurement with the ⁹Be(α, d)¹¹B reaction at E_α = 48 MeV demonstrates that the 16.44, 17.69, 18.0 and 19.15 MeV resonances have rather pure isospin $\text{T}{}_{\mathrm{f}}\text{=}\text{3}\text{2}$. The 14.40 MeV state is a strongly isospin-mixed analog of the $\text{5}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{1.78}\text{MeV}$ state in ¹¹Be. It is argued that spin S = 1 transfer is involved in the excitation of the 16.44 MeV state and its 3.887 MeV parent in ¹¹Be in a two-step stripping process. The $\text{T}{}_{\mathrm{f}}\text{=}\text{1}\text{2}$ states and the lowest three $\text{T}{}_{\mathrm{f}}\text{=}\text{3}\text{2}$ states are compared with the predictions of DWBA utilizing shell-model form factors. It is concluded that the $\text{T}{}_{\mathrm{f}}\text{=}\text{1}\text{2}$ strength is more strongly fragmented than is implied by the calculations of Teeters and Kurath.     

Generalized neutron particle-hole states in an extended unified model

Negative-parity levels in the doubly even N = 82, Z nuclei, with 3.0 MeV ? E_x? 6.0 MeV are described in an extended unified-model approach, where neutron hole states in the Z = 50, N = 82 closed shell core, (i.e. ) are coupled to the low-lying levels (E_x ? 2.0 MeV) of the odd-neutron N = 83, Z nuclei. This particular configuration space of generalized neutron particle-hole states (GNPH) is particularly suited for describing negative-parity levels obtained in proton inelastic scattering through isobaric analogue resonances (IAR), corresponding to the N = 83, Z low-lying nuclear levels. Level schemes as well as partial decay widths and angular distributions are calculated and compared extensively with the available experimental data. Also spectroscopic factors, as well as wave functions, deduced from the experimental results are studied in detail. Thus in the cases of ¹³⁶Xe, ¹³⁸Ba, ¹⁴⁰Ce, ¹⁴²Nd and ¹⁴⁴Sm, some of the important neutron particle-hole configurations can uniquely be determined in the energy region 3.0 MeV ?E_x ? 6.0 MeV.     

Interference effects in 12C(p, γ)13N and direct capture to unbound states

Excitation functions of the capture reaction ¹²C(p, γ₀)¹³N have been obtained at θ_γ = 0° and 90° and E_p = 150–2500 keV. The results can be explained if a direct radiative capture process, E1(s and d → p), to the ground state in ¹³N is included in the analysis in addition to the two well-known resonances in this beam energy range $\text{[E}{}_{\mathrm{p}}\text{= 457(}\text{1}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{)}$ and 1699 $\text{(}\text{3}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{?}}\text{) keV]}$. The direct capture component is enhanced through interference effects with the two resonance amplitudes. From the observed direct capture cross section, a spectroscopic factor of C²S(l = 1) = 0.49 ± 0.15 has been deduced for the $\text{1}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{?}}$ ground state in ¹³N. Excitation functions for the reaction ${}^{12}\text{C(p,γ}{}_1\text{p}{}^1\text{)}{}^{12}\text{C}$ have been obtained at θ_γ = 0° and 90° and E_p = 610–2700 keV. Away from the 1699 keV resonance the capture γ-ray yield is dominated by the direct capture process E1 (p → s) to the $\text{2366 (}\text{1}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{) keV}$ unbound state. Above E_p = 1 MeV, the observed excitation functions are well reproduced by the direct capture theory to unbound states (bremsstrahlung theory). Below E_p = 1 MeV, i.e., E_p → 457 keV, the theory diverges in contrast to observation. This discrepancy is well known in bremsstrahlung theory as the “infrared problem”. From the observed direct capture cross sections at $\text{E}{}_{\mathrm{p}}\text{? 1 MeV}$, a spectroscopic factor of C²S(l = 0) = 1.02 ± 0.15 has been found for the $\text{2366 (}\text{1}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{) keV}$ unbound state. A search for direct capture transitions to the $\text{3512 (}\text{3}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{?}}\text{)}$and $\text{3547 (}\text{5}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{) keV}$ unbound states resulted in upper limits of C²S(l = 1) ≦ 0.5 and C²S(l = 2) ? 1.0, respectively. The results are compared with available stripping data as well as shell-model calculations. The astrophysical aspect of the ¹²C(p, γ₀)¹³N reaction also is discussed.     

A study of 3He capture in light nuclei

Excitation functions at θ = 90° have been measured for ${}^{16}\text{O}\text{(}{}^3\text{He}\text{, γ}{}_{\mathrm{0?2,\; 3?5,\; 6}}\text{)}{}^{19}\text{Ne}$, ${}^{15}\text{N}\text{(}{}^3\text{He}\text{, γ}{}_{\mathrm{0,\; 1?4}}\text{)}{}^{18}\text{F}\text{,}{}^{14}\text{N}\text{(}{}^3\text{He}\text{, γ}{}_{\mathrm{0,\; 1,2,3}}\text{)}{}^{17}\text{F}$, and ${}^{20}\text{Ne}\text{(}{}^3\text{He}\text{, γ}{}_{\mathrm{0\; +\; 1}}\text{)}{}^{23}\text{Mg}$, in the range E_{3He = 3–19 MeV}. The first reaction has also been studied at θ = 40°. Excitation functions at 90° have also been measured for and ${}^4\text{He}\text{(}{}^3\text{He}\text{, γ}{}_{\mathrm{0\; +\; 1}}\text{)}{}^7\text{Be}$ for E_3He = 19–26 MeV. Angular distributions have been measured for the first four reactions.For the most excitation functions, a broad peak is observed, several MeV wide, centred at about E_x≈ 20 MeV. Superimposed on this, in some cases, are narrower peaks, with width ≈ 1 MeV. Energies and widths have been extracted for all resonances.Cluster-model calculations have been carried out, using methods similar to those which have proved successful for low-lying states in A= 18–19 nuclei. No satisfactory correspondence with the present results was found. The shell model has been used to calculate Γ_3He and Γ_γ for 1?ω excitations in the final nuclei. These generally show good agreement with the trends of the experimental data. The results are consistent with the excitation of the giant dipole resonance in ³He capture, but much more weakly than in proton capture.     

The reaction 36S(p,γ)37Cl: (I). Excitation energies and γ-ray branchings of bound states deduced from resonances in the range Ep = 500–2000 keV

Yield curves of the reaction ³⁶S(p, γ)³⁷Cl have been measured over the range E_p = 500–2000 keV with a highly enriched (81%) ³⁶S target. Proton energies, with a precision of typically 0.3 keV, and strengths are presented for the nearly 200 observed resonances. Several previously reported resonances, among which the well-known $\text{J}{}^{\mathrm{\pi }}\text{=}\text{7}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{?}}\text{, E}{}_{\mathrm{p}}\text{= 1887}\text{keV}$ analogue resonance, are proven to be multiplets.At 75 selected resonances in the ranges E_p = 500–1200 and 1800–2000 keV the decay schemes have been studied. These measurements also provide rather detailed information on the γ-ray branching ratios of more than 50 bound states of which the majority has not been observed previously. Precision excitation energies have been determined; for the levels with E_x < 5 MeV the median uncertainty amounts to 30 ppm. The reaction Q-value is Q = 8386.34 ± 0.23 keV.These precision data invalidate several previous spin and parity assignments to low-lying bound states of ³⁷Cl. They also provide a basis for the lifetime measurements and spin and parity assignments to be discussed in the following paper.     

15N(p,po)15N and the levels of 16O for Ex = 14.8–18.6 MeV

Angular distributions of cross section and analyzing power for elastic scattering of protons from ¹⁵N have been measured for E_p = 2.7–7.0 MeV. A phase-shift analysis of the data yields spin-parity assignments and level parameters for seventeen states of ¹⁶O in the excitation energy region 14.8–18.6MeV. Three of the resonances have not previously been identified, among them being a broad J^π = 2^? level at E_p = 6.1 MeV which is almost certainly the analog of the 2^? 1p1h state with configuration ($\text{d}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>3</mtext><mtext>2</mtext>}}\text{,}\text{p}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>1</mtext><mtext>2</mtext>}}{}^{\mathrm{?1}}$) at E_x ∽ 5.0 MeV in ¹⁶N. The broad level previously reported near E_p = 5.0 MeV has been observed and its parameters determined. A resonance analysis of the phase shifts yielded values of E_r, Γ and Γ_p for all of the levels. The J^π assignments are in agreement with previously reported values. For resonances having J = l, the data can usually be fit with a resonant phase shift corresponding to either J = l + 1 or J = l ? 1, in addition to the phase shift for J = l. Which of the two spurious-J solutions occurs seems to depend on whether the partial wave through which the resonant state is formed is $\text{J = l +}\text{1}\text{2}\text{or}\text{J = l ?}\text{1}\text{2}$.     

Das Niveauschema von 47V aus dem γ-zerfall von Analogresonanzen

A high-accuracy investigation of the level scheme of ⁴⁷V has been performed using the ⁴⁶Ti(p, γ)⁴⁷V reaction. The γ-decay schemes of the strong (p, γ) resonances at E_p = 1546, 1549, 1565 and 1572 keV lead to 17 new energy levels in ⁴⁷V with excitation energies between 2.7 and 5.1 MeV. From the (p,γ) angular distributions mixing ratios of the primary γ-transitions and J^π values of the resonances and of many states populated in the γ-decay have been determined. The total width of the E_p = 1549, 1565 and 1572 keV resonances for γ-decay are found to be Γ_γ = 0.12, 0.15 and 0.03 eV, respectively. The Q-value of the ⁴⁶Ti(p,γ)⁴⁷V reaction is found to be 5168.6 keV. The two resonances at E_p = 1549 and 1565 keV, which have $\text{J}{}^{\mathrm{\pi }}\text{=}\text{3}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{?}}$, are interpreted as fine structure components of the analogue state of the $\text{E}{}^1\text{= 2.545}\text{MeV}\text{J}{}^{\mathrm{\pi }}\text{=}\text{3}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{?}}$ level in ⁴⁷Ti while the ($\text{7}\text{2}$) resonance at E_p = 1546 keV might correspond to the $\text{E}{}^1\text{= 2.615}\text{MeV}\text{7}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{?}}$ parent state in ⁴⁷Ti. The analogue-antianalogue M1 transition strength of the split $\text{3}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{?}}$ analogue state is 0.01 single-particle units and fits well into our systematics of IAS → AIAS transitions in fp-shell nuclei.     

Proton induced resonances on 21Ne

Excitation curves for the ${}^{21}\text{Ne}\text{(}\text{p}\text{, γ)}{}^{22}\text{Na}\text{,}{}^{21}\text{Ne}\text{(}\text{p, p}\text{′γ)}{}^{21}\text{Ne and}{}^{21}\text{Ne}\text{(}\text{p, p}\text{)}{}^{21}\text{Ne}$ reactions have been obtained for E_p = 0.4–1.6 MeV. Neon gas enriched to 92 % in ²¹Ne was recirculated in a differentially pumped gas target system. The fifteen previously reported (p, γ) resonances were established and nineteen new (p, γ) resonances found. Anomalies in the elastic scattering yield were observed for fourteen resonances. The reported state at E_x = 7278 ± 7 keV in ²²Na was resolved into a doublet separated by 1 keV. All unbound states in ²²Na, observed previously in other reactions, have been confirmed as resonance states in the energy range covered, with the exception of the E_x = 7942 ± 7 keV state. The new E_p = 663, 694, 1235, 1432 and 1543 keV resonances correspond to new unbound states in ²²Na. Excitation energies, γ-ray decay schemes, resonance widths and strengths as well as limits on J^π assignments are reported for all the resonances. From the Coulomb excitation of the E_x = 350 keV, first excited state in ²¹Ne a value of B(E2) = 0.014 ± 0.002 e² · b² is deduced. The astrophysical as well as the nuclear structure implications of the present results are discussed.     

Isospin analysis of NN → NNπ reactions at 5.7 GeV/c

A cross-channel isospin analysis has been performed on the channels $\text{p}\text{N}\text{→}\text{N}\text{(}\text{N}\text{π)}\text{and}\text{p}\text{N}\text{→}\text{N}\text{(}\text{N}\text{π)}$ in terms of three isospin amplitudes $\text{M}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>1</mtext><mtext>2</mtext>}}{}^0\text{, M}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>1</mtext><mtext>2</mtext>}}{}^1$, and $\text{M}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>3</mtext><mtext>2</mtext>}}{}^1$ where the upper index is the isospin of the exchanged “object” in the t-channel and the lower index is the isospin of the $\text{(}\text{N}\text{π)}\text{or}\text{(}\text{N}\text{π)}$ system. Enhancements are observed in the low Nπ) invariant mass region for an $\text{I =}\text{1}\text{2}$ final state when the isospin of the exchanged object in cross channel is I_E = 0 and 1.     

The excited states of 27Al

The γ-decay of 60 and the strengths of 51 ²⁶Mg(p, γ)²⁷Al resonances were studied for E_p < 2.20 MeV. The energies of 32 and the γ-decay of 54 bound levels were determined. Spin and parity assignments $\text{J}{}^{\mathrm{\pi }}\text{=}\text{5}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{,}\text{5}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{?}}\text{,}\text{3}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{?}}\text{,}\text{3}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{,}\text{3}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{and}\text{3}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{+}}$ were made to the bound states at E_x = 4.81, 5.44, 6.61, 6.78, 7.68 and 7.86 MeV, respectively. Spin assignments $\text{J =}\text{5}\text{2}$and $\text{3}\text{2}$ were made to the bound levels at Einx = 5.55 and 6.08 MeV, respectively. For other levels spin and parity limitations were set. Lifetimes or lifetime upper limits of 19 bound levels were measured by means of the DSA technique. The spins and/or parities of 15 resonances were unambiguously determined from γ-ray angular distributions and strengths.     

Electromagnetic decay of fragmented analogue states in 45Sc

The ⁴⁴Ca(p, γ) reaction was studied for 45 resonances for E_p = 1.6?2.2 MeV. The overall proton energy resolution was 300–350 eV; the γ-rays were detected with both NaI(T1) and Ge(Li) detectors. Partial and total γ-ray widths were measured for each of the fine structure states of the $\text{3}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{?}}$ and $\text{1}\text{2}{}^{\mathrm{?}}$ analogue states at E_p = 1.65 and 2.04 MeV, respectively. The data are examined for correlations between the partial widths (Γ_p, Γ_p′, Γ_γi, Γ_γ^total) in different channels. The γ-ray intensities are compared with (τ, d) spectroscopic factors.     

s- and p-wave neutron spectroscopy: Part VII. Widths of Neutron Resonances

Neutron reduced widths Γ_n⁰ and Γ_n¹ are reported for about 200 resonances observed in neutron total cross sections of Ca^{40, 44}, Ti⁴⁸, Cr^{50, 52, 54}, Fe^{54, 56}, Ni^{58, 60}, Sr⁸⁸, Y⁸⁹, Sn¹²⁴, Te¹³⁰, Ba^{136, 138}, and Pb^{206, 207, 208}, in the energy region 1 to 200 ^kev. Average parameters $\text{Γ}{}_{\mathrm{n}}{}^0$, $\text{Γ}{}_{\mathrm{n}}{}^0\text{D}$, and $\text{Γ}{}_{\mathrm{n}}{}^{\mathrm{(1)}}\text{D}$ have been derived and the Wigner distribution for local spacings and the Porter-Thomas distribution for reduced widths are verified for the resonances in the even-even nuclei Ca⁴⁰, Fe⁵⁶, Ni⁵⁸, and Ni⁶⁰. A simple method of area analysis which is less tedious and time consuming than the method reported before in Part III is also described.     

Search for 4n IN π− double charge exchange reactions with heavy nuclei

A search for the existence of the tetraneutron has been made using the double charge exchange reaction $\text{π}{}^{\mathrm{?}}\text{+}{}^{208}\text{Pb}\text{→}{}^4\text{n + π}{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{+}$ residuals for ⁴n production and the capture process in the same target, ${}^{208}\text{Pb}\text{+}{}^4\text{n}\text{→}{}^{212}\text{Pb}\text{+ γ}$, for the ⁴n detection. No event has been found, giving an upper limit for the product of the production cross section σ_p, the detection cross section σ_d and the ⁴n lifetime τ. Assuming 10^?18 ≦ τ ≦ 10^?9 sec it follows that σ_pσ_dτ ≦ 2.5 × 10^?65cm⁴ sec with 90 % confidence, and for $\text{τ ≧ 10}{}^{\mathrm{?9}}\text{sec}\text{, σ}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>p</mtext>}}\text{σ}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>d</mtext>}}\text{≦ 2.5 × 10}{}^{\mathrm{?56}}\text{cm}{}^4$ with 90 % confidence. The magnitude of this value is comparable to the experimental limit of the ⁴He(π^?, π⁺)⁴n cross section.     

Strong sequential transfer processes in 0+ → 0+ (p,t) reactions on Pb isotopes

A marked difference of experimental analyzing powers $\text{A (θ)}\text{for}{}^{208}\text{Pb}\text{(}\text{p}\text{,}\text{t}\text{)}{}^{206}\text{Pb}\text{(0}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>g</mtext>}}{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{and}\text{0}{}_2{}^{\mathrm{+}}\text{)}$ reaction is explained by considering sequential transfer as wesses as well as the one-step process. The calculated A(0θ) for the 0₂⁺ state is very sensitive to the wave functions employed. An enhancement of the cross sections for the ground-state transitions of three Pb isotopes is found to be due to sequential transfer processes.     

Strong coupled-channels effects in the 9Be(α, t)10B reaction

Differential cross sections were measured for the reactions ${}^9\text{Be}\text{(α, α')}{}^9\text{Be}\text{,}{}^9\text{Be}\text{(α,}\text{t}\text{)}{}^{10}\text{B and}{}^9\text{Be}\text{(α,}{}^3\text{He}\text{)}{}^{10}\text{B at}\text{E}{}_{\mathrm{\alpha }}\text{= 65}\text{MeV}$ for angles ranging from θ_lab = 6° to 48°. Optical-model analysis was performed for elastic α-scattering from ⁹Be at E_α = 48, 65 and 104 MeV, and DWBA and CC calculations were done for the inelastic α-scattering at E_α = 65 MeV. DWBA calculations for the ⁹Be(α, ³He) reactions do not fit the transfer data so well and extracted spectroscopic factors are in disagreement with those of Cohen and Kurath and with values obtained from other reactions. Full CRC calculations assuming a band structure for the low-lying states of ¹⁰B and employing a modified set of Cohen and Kurath spectroscopic factors yield globally better fits both in shape and in absolute cross section for differential cross sections to low-lying states in ¹⁰B obtained in ⁹Be(α, t)¹⁰B at $\text{E}{}_{\mathrm{\alpha }}\text{= 65}\text{MeV and}{}^9\text{Be}\text{(}{}^3\text{He, d}\text{)}{}^{10}\text{B at}\text{E}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>d</mtext>}}\text{= 17}\text{MeV}$. In general, strong coupled-channel effects mainly affecting the distorted waves are observed both in entrance and exit channels.