光固化聚酯丙烯酸氨基甲酸酯树脂的合成及其性质

光固化聚酯丙烯酸氨基甲酸酯树脂的合成及其性质黄景琴，田禾，孝延文，杨振华，陈文启（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所长春１３００２２）关键词　光固化树脂，齐聚物，丙烯酸氨基甲酸酯，合成为了降低污染和减少能耗，非溶剂型树脂被广泛地用作涂料、粘接剂、绝缘材料等...     

硫代氨基甲酸酯合成方法进展

硫代氨基甲酸酯是一类分子内含有多种官能团的化合物,大多数具有生物活性,在医学、生物、农药等方面有广泛的应用.本文总结了合成硫代氨基甲酸酯的几种主要方法,如水解醇解法、重排反应、光气衍生物法、羰基化法等,并分析了各种方法的利弊.指出利用一氧化碳进行硒催化的硫醇与硝基化合物或苯胺的羰基化反应来合成硫代氨基甲酸酯是一种比较有应用前景的方法.该方法具有环境友好、原子经济性高、步骤简短等优点,并对其做了比较详细的介绍.     

高效液相色谱电化学安培法同时测定大米中4种氨基甲酸酯农药残留量

报道了用液相色谱法测定微量氨基甲酸酯农药的方法，氨基甲酸酯先在碱性条件水解，生成的酚用液相色谱安培法测定。研究了最优色谱条件。该法简单、快速、灵敏，已应用于测定大米中克百威、西维因、异丙威和甲硫威４种氨基甲酸酯农药残留量。     

碳酸酯法非光气合成苯氨基甲酸酯

对非光气路线苯氨基甲酸酯的合成方法，尤其对碳酸酯法合成苯氨基甲酸酯的研究进展进行了介绍。重点讨论了碳酸酯法合成苯氨基甲酸酯的催化剂体系及其催化性能，并对其工业化前景进行了评述。     

含硅氨基甲酸酯衍生物的合成,结构及生物活性

通过１－甲硫基亚乙基氨－甲基氨基甲酸酯与二氯亚砜反应，制得一系列新的含硅氨基甲酸酯衍生物．化合物结构经１￣ＨＮＭＲ、元素分析ＩＲ和ＭＳ确证，测定了化合物３ａ的晶体结构．生物测定结果表明，该类化合物对蚊子、粘虫、玉米螟等多种害虫具有优良的杀虫活性，且与母体灭多威相比，在哺乳动物安全性方面有显著提高．     

气相色谱-质谱法同时检测样品中有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂

有关氨基甲酸酯和有机磷类杀虫剂的测定方法文献上有很多报道,但同时测定2种农药的方法报道较少.本文建立了一种固相提取及应用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)同时检测多种样品中有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类农药的方法,其中包括6种氨基甲酸酯类及9种有机磷类农药.将本法应用于实际样品分析,取得满意的结果.     

多糖类氨基甲酸酯衍生物的区域选择性合成及其手性识别

通过糖单元6-位羟基的保护和去保护,运用区域选择性方法合成了6种新型多糖类氨基甲酸酯衍生物,分别为纤维素/直链淀粉-[2,3-二(3,5-二甲基苯基)-6-环己基]氨基甲酸酯、[2,3-二(3,5-二氯苯基)-6-环己基]氨基甲酸酯及[2,3-二(4-氯苯基)-6-环己基]氨基甲酸酯,并将其涂敷在氨丙基硅胶的表面制备HPLC手性固定相.利用1H-NMR与FTIR光谱技术对所合成衍生物进行结构表征和分析,并应用HPLC法评价其对于9种手性化合物的手性识别能力.通过与以手性识别能力高而著称且含有单一取代基的纤维素/直链淀粉-三(3,5-二甲基苯基氨基甲酸酯)等手性固定相的对比分析表明,所合成新型手性固定相对于某些对映体显示出更优的手性识别能力.由进一步分析表明,糖单元2-、3-和6-位取代基的性能对于纤维素和直链淀粉氨基甲酸酯类衍生物的手性识别能力均具有较大影响.     

超临界流体色谱法在农药分析中的应用

本文介绍了超临界流体色谱仪器装置的主要部件，对其所用的检测器系统作了较详细的阐述，综述了近年来国外ＳＦＣ在氨基甲酸酯，拟除虫菊酯，有机磷，有机氯，有机硫及有机氮类等农药分析中的应用情况，展示了该技术在农药分析中广阔前景。     

酶抑制技术检测蔬果农药残留量研究进展

综述了国内外近年来酶抑制技术在农药残留检测中的应用研究状况，重点论述了酶抑制光度法的优点及存在的问题以及酶的固定化的应用研究，检测有机磷与氨基甲酸酯农药的酶电极的制备与应用是研究的热点．     

可见光照射下水介质中三组分合成S-烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯

<正>S-烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯具有抗肿瘤、抗真菌等多种生物活性,也被用作DNA拓扑异构酶II型抑制剂,是药物分子研发中的一种重要的骨架结构(图1)[1].此外,S-烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯也被用作除草剂、驱虫剂和杀菌剂等[2].因此,发展新型高效地合成S-烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯的方法引起较大关注,一些有效的合成策略也相继被报道[3].S-烷基二硫代氨基甲酸酯的传统合成方法是以二硫化碳、胺、与卤代烷烃、     

THE ATTACHMENTS OF PHYCOBILINS TO CYSTEINYL RESIDUES

The attachments of phycobilins to cysteinyl residues have been worked out through the reactions of phycoerytbrobilin dimethyl ester and phycocyanobilin dimethyl ester with cysteine methyl ester and reduced glutathione dimethyl ester respectively. A series of model compounds which carry the same conjugative skeletons as the chromophores in phycobillproteins have been purified anti identified. These compounds are characterized with strong fluorescence emission and circular dichroism effects which appeared weaker for the common bilinoid chromophores. Analyses of the circular dichroism effects of these compounds indicated that the major reaction products of phycobilins with cysteine methyl ester and reduced glutathione dimethyl ester carried the same stereochemical configuration as the chromophores in phvcobilinoroteins     

Studies on heterobifunctional cross-linking reagents, 6-maleimidohexanoic acid active esters

6-maleimidohexanoic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester has been used widely for preparation of enzyme immunoconjugates as a unique heterobifunctional cross-linking reagent. Its heterobifunctional reactivity is good, but its ester portion hydrolyzes easily in the presence of water. Several 6-maleimidohexanoic acid active esters (6-maleimidohexanoic acid 4-nitrophenyl ester, 6-maleimidohexanoic acid N-hydroxy-5-norbornene-endo-2,3-dicarboximide ester, and 6-maleimidohexanoic acid pentafluorophenyl ester) were prepared and their reactivity and stability in an aqueous media were tested. Of the synthetic esters, the pentafluorophenyl ester exhibited the highest reactivity and stability in aqueous media.     

Adsorption studies of dimethyl and methyl-ethyl ester molecules on silicene nanoring: Application of DFT study

The electronic and adsorption properties of dimethyl and methyl-ethyl ester molecules on a silicene nanoring (SiNR) are studied using first-principles calculations. The adsorption properties of dimethyl and methyl-ethyl ester molecules on the surface of a silicene nanoring is investigated in terms of density of states spectrum, adsorption energy, average energy gap variation, Mulliken charge and Bader charge transfer. The structural stability of the SiNR is ensured using formation energy. The variation in the electron density and energy gap is noticed upon adsorption of dimethyl and methyl-ethyl ester molecules in the SiNR base material compared with its isolated counterpart. The highlights of the present work are silicene nanoring is used as a base material for ester molecule adsorption. The adsorption behavior of ester molecules is studied using energy band structure. The DOS spectrum confirms the transfer of electrons between the SiNR and ester molecules. The findings suggest that a SiNR can be used as a base material for the detection of dimethyl and methyl-ethyl ester molecules.     

以芳樟醇为手性源的β-羟基酸的不对称合成

以芳樟醇与乙酰乙酸乙酯进行酯交换反应,合成了具有手性的乙酰乙酸芳樟酯(β-酮酯),再用其与不同的格氏试剂反应,得到不对称β-羟基酸;产物分别经手性柱分析.结果表明,手性乙酰乙酸芳樟酯与格氏试剂的反应具有不同程度的立体选择性,产物为R-或S-构型过量的β-羟基酸,ee值最高达50%.     

Die Cooligomerisierung von butadien mit α-hydroxycarbonsäureestern

Glycolic acid butyl ester as well as lactic acid ethyl ester react with butadiene in the presence of palladium(II) acetylacetonate and triphenylphosphine as catalyst. The main product is the 2-trans, 7-octadienyl ether of the hydroxy acid ester, which is formed in yields from 65 to 80% at room temperature.     

Photoreaction between benzoylthiophenes and N-BOC-tryptophan methyl ester

Drug-induced photoallergy requires as the first step formation of covalent drug-protein photoadducts. One of the key amino acids involved in this process is tryptophan (Trp). In this context, several diaryl ketones, including 2-benzoylthiophene (BT), [2-(5-benzoyl-5-thienyl)]-2-methylpropanoic methyl ester (TPA methyl ester) and 4-(2-thienylcarbonyl)phenyl]-2-methylpropanoic methyl ester (SUP methyl ester) have been irradiated in the presence of N-BOC-(L)-tryptophan methyl ester. Laser flash photolysis has allowed to detect three neutral radicals (ketyl, indolyl and skatolyl radicals) resulting from formal hydrogen-atom abstraction. This correlates well with the isolation of homodimers, as well as with cross-coupling products, in the preparative irradiation. The main cross-coupling products were in all cases lactones arising from the reaction of the Trp-derived skatolyl radicals with the corresponding ketyl radicals. These lactones were obtained as the (4R) stereoisomers with remarkable diasteroselectivity. No coupling products through the phenyl p-position of BT or TPA methyl ester were found. By contrast, ketone homodimers and cross-coupling products arising from reaction through the thienyl 5-position were obtained when using BT and SUP methyl ester; this is very interesting, because stable LAT-derived products are difficult to isolate.     

底物,水量对脂肪酶不对称拆分萘普生的影响

选择了一种便于底物－产物分离的微水－有机两相体系,将对Ｓ－（＋＿萘普生酯有高度对映体选择性的ＣＣＬ脂肪酶固定于硅藻土上。合成了了一种能提高酶催化反应速度的激活的酯－萘普生氯乙酯。     

含己烷雌酚的聚磷酸酯的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

合成了３种主链含己烷雌酚的生物可降解的聚磷酸酯，结构经ＩＲ，＾１ＨＮＭＲ和元素分析鉴定，通过水接触角的测定研究了聚合物的亲水－疏水性能，以ｐＨ值变化表征了聚合物的体外水解速率。初步的体外实验表明，此类聚磷酸酯具有较好的体外抗艾氏腹水癌活性。     

Characterization and purification of polyunsaturated fatty acids from microalgae by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and countercurrent chromatography

Summary The present study was undertaken in order to characterize then to purify fatty acids from marine phytoplankton. From a crude mixture of fatty acid methyl esters it was possible to isolate by countercurrent chromatography a mixture of four polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl ester identified as being hexadecatrienoic acid methyl ester, octadecatetraenoic acid methyl ester, eicosapentaenoic acid methyl ester and docosahexaenoic acid methyl ester by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry in electron impact and in positive-ion chemical ionization mode. The four polyunsaturated fatty acids are in different ratios in mixtures from the two microorganisms:Skeletonema costatum andIsochrysis galbana.     

氢氧化锂存在下(焦)脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯的空气重排反应

在氢氧化锂存在下, 脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(1a)发生空气氧化和重排反应, 经盐酸酸化和重氮甲烷甲基化, 得到由紫红素-7三甲酯(2)、紫红素-18甲酯(3)、卟吩-p₆三甲酯(4)、地质卟啉衍生物(5)和3-环氧乙基-3-去乙烯基紫红素-18甲酯(6)所组成的混合物. 用相同的方法处理焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(1b), 则分离出13²-氧代焦脱镁叶绿酸-a甲酯(7)、15-甲酰基紫红素-5二甲酯(8)、紫红素-18甲酯(3)和3-环氧乙基-3-去乙烯基紫红素-18甲酯(6). 所得新叶绿素衍生物5, 6和8的化学结构均经UV, IR, ¹H NMR及元素分析得以证实, 并对相应的反应提出可能的反应机理.