Irradiation effects of 6 MeV electron on electrical properties of Al/Al2O3/n-Si MOS capacitors

The influence of 6 MeV electron irradiation on the electrical properties of Al/Al₂O₃/n-Si metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) capacitors has been investigated. Using rf magnetron sputtering deposition technique, Al/Al₂O₃/n-Si MOS capacitors were fabricated and such twelve capacitors were divided into four groups. The first group of MOS capacitors was not irradiated with 6 MeV electrons and treated as virgin. The second group, third group and fourth group of MOS capacitors were irradiated with 6 MeV electrons at 10 kGy, 20 kGy, and 30 kGy doses, respectively, keeping the dose rate ～1 kGy/min. The variations in crystallinity of the virgin and irradiated MOS capacitors have been compared from GIXRD (Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction) spectra. Thickness and in-depth elemental distributions of individual layers were performed using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS). The device parameters like flat band voltage (V_FB) and interface trap density (D_it) of virgin and irradiated MOS capacitors have been calculated from C vs V and G/ω vs V curve, respectively. The electrical properties of the capacitors were investigated from the tan δ vs V graph. The device parameters were estimated using C–V and G/ω–V measurements. Poole–Frenkel coefficient (β_PF) of the MOS capacitors was determined from leakage current (I)–voltage (V) measurement. The leakage current mechanism was proposed from the β_PF value.     

V2O5负载量对V2O5/Al2O3氧化活化正庚烷催化裂解反应的影响

采用X射线衍射, 低温氮气吸脱附, 氨气程序升温脱附和吡啶吸附红外光谱分析方法对不同活性组分负载量V2O5/Al2O3的性质进行了表征. 根据表面VOx单元密度, 推测V2O5负载量为20%-25% (w)对应着V2O5/Al2O3表面达单层覆盖状态; V2O5的负载使Al2O3表面Lewis酸量减少, 并出现Br?nsted酸, 对应着氧化态VOx单元中的V―OH; 随着负载量的增加, Brφnsted酸量增加至负载量为20%时达到最大值. 对V2O5/Al2O3中活性组分负载量对其氧化活化正庚烷催化裂解反应的影响进行了考察. 结果表明, 在V2O5负载量为20%-25%时,V2O5/Al2O3的引入对正庚烷在HZSM-5平衡剂上催化裂解反应的促进作用最明显, 此时VOx单元在V2O5/Al2O3表面形成单层覆盖状态, 可提供最大量的表面晶格氧, 因而对正庚烷具有最强的氧化活化作用; V2O5负载量继续增加形成体相的V2O5和AlVO4, 不利于晶格氧参与正庚烷的转化, 因而反应性能有所下降.     

A parametric study of methane decomposition into carbon nanotubes over 8Co-2Mo/Al2O3 catalyst

The effects of reaction temperature, partial pressure of methane, catalyst weight and gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) on methane decomposition were reported. The decomposition reaction was performed in a vertical fixed-bed reactor over 8Co-2Mo/Al 2 O 3 catalyst. The experimental results show that these four process parameters studied had vital effects on carbon yield. As revealed by the electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy analyses, the reaction temperature and GHSV governed the average diameter, the diameter distribution and the degree of graphitization of the synthesized carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Also, an evidence is presented to show that higher temperatures and higher GHSV favored the formation of better-graphitized CNTs with larger diameters.     

Studies on the system Al2O3-V2O5-MoO3

Studies on the three-component system Al₂O₃-V₂O₅-MoO₃ have shown the existence of a new compound with molecular formula AlVMoO₇. The synthesis conditions and X-ray characteristics of this compound and its melting temperature, 690±10°C, are reported.

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Zusammenfassung Einleitende Untersuchungen am Dreikomponentensystem Al₂O₃-V₂ O₅-MoO₃ zeigten die Existenz einer neuen, noch nicht publizierten Verbindung der Formel AlVMoO₇. Die Synthese der Verbindung sowie ihre röntgenographischen Eigenschaften wurden beschrieben. Ihr Schmelzpunkt beträgt 690±10°C.

     

Fe2O3/Al2O3氧载体制备方法的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法、共沉淀法、水热合成法、低热固相合成法、机械混合法、燃烧合成法和冷冻成粒法制备铁基氧载体Fe₂O₃/Al₂O₃,并通过物理和化学表征手段来筛选和优化制备方法和制备工艺。对煅烧后的氧载体进行硬度测试,结果表明,溶胶-凝胶法、共沉淀法、机械混合法、燃烧合成法和冷冻成粒法制备的氧载体硬度较高;载体的X射线衍射(XRD)谱图表明,各种制备方法均能制得物相组成为Fe₂O₃/Al₂O₃的氧载体,且随着煅烧温度的提高、煅烧时间的延长,氧载体的结晶度、晶体粒径逐渐增大,煅烧温度1 200℃的氧载体的机械性能、晶体结构、晶相组成更稳定。借助化学吸附仪的程序升温还原(TPR)实验表征氧载体的反应活性,并计算氧载体活性度。综合物理和化学表征实验结果表明,最优制备方法为溶胶-凝胶法和冷冻成粒法。     

Effects of atomic oxygen irradiation on structural and tribological properties of polyimide/Al2O3 composites

To understand the effects of atomic oxygen (AO) irradiation on the structural and tribological behaviors of polymer composites, polyimide/Al₂O₃ composites were irradiated with AO in a ground‐based simulation facility. The structural changes were characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and attenuated total‐reflection FTIR, whereas the tribological changes were evaluated by friction and wear tests as well as scanning electron microscopy analysis of the worn surfaces. It was found that AO irradiation induced the oxidation and degradation of polyimide molecular chains, which increased the O concentration and decreased the C concentration in the composite surfaces. The destruction action of AO changed the surface chemical structure and morphology of the samples. Friction and wear tests indicated that AO irradiation decreased the friction coefficient but increased the wear rate of both pure and Al₂O₃ filled polyimides. In terms of the tribological properties, appropriate content of Al₂O₃ might be favorable for the improvement of tribological properties in AO environment. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Ablation of Al2O3f/Al2O3 composites under an oxyacetylene torch flame

Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology - Continuous alumina fibers reinforced alumina matrix composites (Al2O3f/Al2O3 composites) were successfully synthesized via sol–gel procedure...     

Laser-induced luminescence of model Fe/Al2O3 and Cr/Al2O3 catalysts

The laser-induced luminescence of Cr³⁺ impurity ions in model Fe/Al₂O₃ and Cr/Al₂O₃ catalysts with different calcination temperatures was studied. It was found that an additional luminescence band at 770 nm appeared in the luminescence spectra of low-temperature samples as a result of the interaction of octahedrally coordinated Cr³⁺ ions with Fe³⁺ impurity ions. In the θ-Al₂O₃ phase with a concentration of Cr³⁺ ions higher than 0.1 wt %, the interaction of the Cr³⁺-Cr³⁺ ion pairs in the immediate surroundings resulted in the appearance of N _θ lines due to the splitting of R _θ lines. The differences of these lines from the N _α lines of α-Al₂O₃ were related to the individuality of the crystal lattice of the θ phase and the coordination of Cr³⁺ impurity ions in the immediate surroundings, which is different from that in the α phase. Based on the laser-induced luminescence spectroscopic data, it was found that regions with a local Cr³⁺ concentration higher than the average Cr³⁺ concentration in the bulk of a catalyst by one order of magnitude were formed in the α-Al₂O₃-Fe₂O₃ system with the bulk Fe and Cr concentrations of 2.5 and 0.04 wt %, respectively, which was calcined at 1220°C, as a result of the diffusion of chromium and iron ions.     

耐硫甲烷化中H2S浓度对MoO3/Al2O3和CoO-MoO3/Al2O3催化剂的影响

在0 到12 mL·L^-1 (体积分数φ=0.00%-1.20%) 范围内考察了不同H₂S 浓度对25% (质量分数, w)MoO₃/Al₂O₃和5% (w) CoO-25%MoO₃/Al₂O₃催化剂甲烷化性能的影响. 结果表明, 5%CoO-25%MoO₃/Al₂O₃的甲烷化活性随H₂S浓度的增加单调上升, 而25%MoO₃/Al₂O₃对H₂S浓度并不敏感. 对比这两种催化剂发现, 只有在H₂S浓度高于0.40% (φ) 时, 在25%MoO₃/Al₂O₃中添加Co助剂才会有促进作用; H₂S浓度低于0.40% (φ)时, Co助剂会抑制25%MoO₃/Al₂O₃催化剂的甲烷化活性. 分别对反应前后的催化剂表征发现, H₂S浓度的改变不会对两种催化剂的物理结构产生明显的影响, 而是通过影响催化剂表面的金属硫化物活性位来影响催化剂的甲烷化性能. 耐硫甲烷化反应体系中较高的硫含量下Co助剂才表现出对25%MoO₃/Al₂O₃催化剂的促进作用. 该研究明确了在MoO₃/Al₂O₃催化剂中添加Co助剂的硫化氢浓度范围, 为工业上选择合适的催化剂提供了依据.     

In situ ATR-IR study of prochiral 2-methyl-2-pentenoic acid adsorption on Al2O3 and Pd/Al2O3

Adsorption and desorption of trans-2-methyl-2-pentenoic acid (MPeA) in dichloromethane (CH(2)Cl(2)) were investigated by using in situ attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy. A liquid flow-through spectroscopic cell allowed for high quality spectra to be obtained from deposited thin films of Al(2)O(3) and 1 wt% Pd/γ-Al(2)O(3) on a ZnSe internal reflection element. The MPeA molecules adsorb on both Al(2)O(3) and Pd surfaces molecularly and dissociatively under the concentration range examined (2-16 mM). In the case of molecular adsorption, both monomer (ν(C=O) ~ 1720 cm(-1)) and dimer (ν(C=O) ~ 1685 cm(-1)) species are observed to adsorb, with the relative amount of monomer to dimer dependent on the surface and the liquid phase acid concentration. In the case of dissociative adsorption, the acid adsorbs predominantly in a bridged bidentate configuration, as adjudged by the ca. 150-220 cm(-1) separation between asymmetric and symmetric vibrational bands. All of these species are found to be strongly adsorbed on both Al(2)O(3) and 1 wt% Pd/γ-Al(2)O(3) surfaces, even under pure solvent flow after adsorption.     

Accurate theoretical IR and Raman spectrum of Al2O2 and Al2O3 molecules

The accurate harmonic vibration frequencies together with the infrared (IR) and Raman intensities of the most stable conformers of Al₂O₂ and Al₂O₃ molecules have been calculated by the density functional theory (DFT) method with B3LYP exchange–correlation potential and using a set of the augmented correlated consistent basis sets up to quintuple order. The anharmonic vibration frequencies of the non-linear Al₂O₂ molecule have also been calculated. The obtained equilibrium geometrical parameters, harmonic and anharmonic vibration frequencies along with the IR and Raman intensities good converge to their limits with increasing the size of the used basis set. A comparison of the calculated harmonic and anharmonic vibrational frequencies with the available experimental ones points out that the small differences between the calculated harmonic and experimental frequencies can be further substantially reduced when calculations of the anharmonic vibrational frequencies will be available for all types of molecular geometries.     

Preparation and Characterization of FeCo-Al2O3 and Al2O3 Aerogels

Nanocrystalline γ-Al₂O₃ and FeCo-Al₂O₃ nanocomposites containing FeCo alloy nanoparticles well dispersed in the nanocrystalline γ-Al₂O₃ matrix were successfully obtained by the sol-gel method using aluminum tri-sec-butoxide and iron and cobalt nitrates as precursors. The gels were submitted to high temperature supercritical drying which allowed to obtain aerogels with high surface areas and pore volumes.     

铝片表面阳极氧化铝膜的光催化作用

采用阳极电化学氧化在铝片表面制备出表面含有氧化铝膜的铝片(AAO/Al), 分别用FTIR-ATR技术和密闭间歇式反应装置考察了该样片对油酸和乙烯的光解作用, 结合UV-DRS和FTIR表征结果对薄膜在油酸和乙烯光解中的作用进行了探讨. 结果表明：AAO/Al能够吸收小于265 nm的紫外光, 而无AAO膜的铝片对波长大于220 nm的紫外光没有任何吸收；254 nm紫外光照射下AAO/Al对油酸和乙烯的光解具有明显的促进作用, 光照3 h油酸的分解率达到70%, 乙烯也有9%的分解, 但相同条件下在无AAO膜的铝片上, 油酸的光解率仅为30%, 乙烯几乎不分解；然而, 在365 nm紫外光照射下, AAO/Al同纯铝片一样对两反应物的光解都没有任何促进作用. 分析认为, AAO膜能吸收254 nm的紫外光和对有机物分解具有光催化作用的可能原因是在AAO膜结构中存在过量的Al原子和氧空位.     

Pt/Al2O3和Pt-Cu/Al2O3催化CCl4氢化脱氯反应

制备了Al2O3负载Pt单金属催化剂和负载Pt-Cu双金属催化剂,比较了二者不同还原温度对其催化CCl4氢化脱氯反应性能的影响。 单金属Pt催化剂上主要生成CHCl3,而双金属Pt-Cu催化剂上产物随催化剂制备时的还原温度不同而异,当催化剂经400 ℃用H2还原后产物主要为CHCl3,而当催化剂经800 ℃用H2还原后产物主要为CCl2CCl2。 由于CCl4氢化反应是强放热反应,催化剂表面局部过热使得在反应中生成的C2等产物聚合结焦,覆盖了催化剂的活性中心,导致催化剂失活。 因此,通过加入甲醇作为稀释剂以带走部分反应热可提高催化剂的稳定性。 同时也降低了CHCl3的选择性,提高了CCl2CCl2的选择性。     

纳米ZrO2/Al2O3复合载体及Ni/ZrO2/Al2O3催化剂的性能研究

 采用溶胶-凝胶法在经过扩孔处理的Al2O3基载体上制备了纳米ZrO2/Al2O3复合载体,并通过浸渍法制备了NiO/ZrO2/Al2O3催化剂. 用XRD,TPR,TPD和N2吸附等技术分别考察了载体和催化剂的结构及表面性能,研究了复合载体对Ni/ZrO2/Al2O3催化CO2重整CH4反应性能的影响. 结果表明,纳米ZrO2/Al2O3复合载体具有较大的比表面积、适宜的孔径分布及稳定的t-ZrO2结构,Ni/ZrO2/Al2O3催化剂具有较好的CO2重整CH4反应活性和稳定性.     

负载型纳米ZrO2/Al2O3复合载体的制备和表征及其Ni/ZrO2/Al2O3催化性能的研究

以大孔Al2O3为基载体，采用沉积-沉淀法和溶胶-沉积法制备了负载型纳米ZrO2/Al2O3复合载体．用XRD、TEM和比表面与孔径测定等手段对载体进行了表征．结果表明，负载型纳米ZrO2/Al2O3复合载体具有较大的比表面积和适宜的孔径分布，纳米ZrO2在载体上呈单层均匀分布．以CH4-CO2重整制合成气为探针反应，考察了Ni/ZrO2/Al2O3催化剂的活性和选择性．     

Vibronic states in single molecules: C60 and C70 on ultrathin Al2O3 films

Vibronic states are observed in single C(60) and C(70) molecules by scanning tunneling microscopy. When single fullerene molecules are adsorbed on a thin layer of Al(2)O(3) grown on a NiAl(110) substrate, equally spaced features are observed in the differential conductance (dI/dV), which are clearly resolved in d(2)I/dV(2) spectra. These features are attributed to the vibronic states of the molecule. The vibronic progressions are sensitive to the molecular orientations and can have different spacings in different electronic bands of the same molecule. For C(60,) these vibronic states are associated with the intramolecular A(g) and H(g) vibrational modes. Vibronic states are not resolved in molecules adsorbed on the metal surface. However, inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy exhibits a vibrational mode at 64 meV for C(60) and 61 meV for C(70) adsorbed on NiAl(110).