Singularities of slice regular functions

Beginning in 2006, G. Gentili and D. C. Struppa developed a theory of regular quaternionic functions with properties that recall classical results in complex analysis. For instance, in each Euclidean ball B(0, R) centered at 0 the set of regular functions coincides with that of quaternionic power series $\sum _{n \in {\mathbb {N}}} q^n a_n$ converging in B(0, R). In 2009 the author proposed a classification of singularities of regular functions as removable, essential or as poles and studied poles by constructing the ring of quotients. In that article, not only the statements, but also the proving techniques were confined to the special case of balls B(0, R). Quite recently, F. Colombo, G. Gentili and I. Sabadini (2010) and the same authors in collaboration with D. C. Struppa (2009) identified a larger class of domains, on which the theory of regular functions is natural and not limited to quaternionic power series. The present article studies singularities in this new context, beginning with the construction of the ring of quotients and of Laurent‐type expansions at points p other than the origin. These expansions, which differ significantly from their complex analogs, allow a classification of singularities that is consistent with the one given in 2009. Poles are studied, as well as essential singularities, for which a version of the Casorati‐Weierstrass Theorem is proven.     

Global differential equations for slice regular functions

In the present paper, we give a system of global differential equations which are satisfied by slice regular functions on a real alternative algebra. By means of the concepts of stem function and slice function, we are able to improve some results obtained recently in the quaternionic and slice monogenic case and to extend them to this general setting. In particular, we describe the precise relation existing between the global differential equations and the condition of slice regularity.     

Functions of a quaternion variable which are gradients of real-valued functions

We consider the collection of functions of one quaternion variable which can be expressed asG(Y) whereY is a real-valued quaternion function andG is a differential operator which corresponds to the gradient of real variable theory. Integral theorems for such functions are given, together with necessary and sufficient conditions for a function to be a gradient function, in terms of its Frechet derivative. The extended complex analytic functions, the Fueter functions, and the momentum-energy density functions are seen to be gradient functions which correspond to biharmonic, harmonic, and wave functions respectively.     

A new theory of regular functions of a quaternionic variable

In this paper we develop the fundamental elements and results of a new theory of regular functions of one quaternionic variable. The theory we describe follows a classical idea of Cullen, but we use a more geometric formulation to show that it is possible to build a rather complete theory. Our theory allows us to extend some important results for polynomials in the quaternionic variable to the case of power series.     

Universality properties of the quaternionic power series and entire functions

In this paper we establish the existence of “almost universal” quaternionic power series and entire functions. Denoting by B(0, 1) the open unit ball in , this means that there exists a quaternionic power series with radius of convergence 1 such that, denoting by the n‐th partial sum of S, for every , for every axially symmetric open subset Ω of containing K and every f slice regular on Ω, there exists a subsequence of the partial sums of S such that uniformly on K, as . The symbol denotes the set of axially symmetric compact sets in such that is connected for some . This is a slightly weaker property than the classical universal power series phenomenon obtained for analytic only on the interior of K and continuous on K. We also generalize a result originally proven by Birkhoff and finally we show that there exists an entire quaternionic function whose set of derivatives is dense in the class of entire quaternionic functions.     

Boundary value problems for quaternionic monogenic functions on non-smooth sureaces

In this paper, analogous of the Compound Riemann-Hilbert boundary value problems are investigate for quaternionic monogenic functions. The solution (explicitly) of the problem is established over continuous surface, with little smoothness, which bounds a bounded domain of R³. In particular, smoothness property for high-dimensional Cauchy type integral are computed. We also use Zygmund type estimates to adapt existing one-variable complex results to ilustrate the Hölder-boundedness of the singular integral operator on 2-dimensional Ahlfors regular surfaces. At the end, uniqueness of solution for the Riemann boundary value problem have already built taking as a base the general Operator Theory.     

Helmholtz operator with a quaternionic wave number and associated function theory. II. Integral representations

A theory of quaternion-valued hyperholomorphic functions (h.h.f.) is being developed which is closely related to the Maxwell equations for monochromatic electromagnetic fields. The main integral formulas are established, and some boundary-value properties are studied.     

Some properties for quaternionic slice regular functions on domains without real points

The theory of slice regular functions over the quaternions, introduced by Gentili and Struppa in 2007, was born on balls centred in the origin and has been extended to more general domains that intersect the real axis in a work of 2009 in collaboration with Colombo and Sabadini. This hypothesis can be overcome using the theory of stem functions introduced by Ghiloni and Perotti in 2011, in the context of real alternative algebras. In this paper, I will recall the notion and the main properties of stem functions. After that I will introduce the class of slice regular functions induced by stem functions and, in this set, I will extend the identity principle, the maximum and minimum modulus principles and the open mapping theorem. Differences will be shown between the case when the domain does or does not intersect the real axis.     

BMO‐ and VMO‐spaces of slice hyperholomorphic functions

In this paper we continue the study of important Banach spaces of slice hyperholomorphic functions on the quaternionic unit ball by investigating the BMO‐ and VMO‐spaces of slice hyperholomorphic functions. We discuss in particular conformal invariance and a refined characterization of these spaces in terms of Carleson measures. Finally we show the relations with the Bloch and Dirichlet space and the duality relation with the Hardy space . The importance of these spaces in the classical theory is well known. It is therefore worthwhile to study their slice hyperholomorphic counterparts, in particular because slice hyperholomorphic functions were found to have several applications in operator theory and Schur analysis.     

Rigidity for regular functions over Hamilton and Cayley numbers and a boundary Schwarz' Lemma

A new theory of regular functions over the skew field of Hamilton numbers (quaternions) and in the division algebra of Cayley numbers (octonions) has been recently introduced by Gentili and Struppa (Adv. Math. 216 (2007) 279–301). For these functions, among several basic results, the analogue of the classical Schwarz' Lemma has been already obtained. In this paper, following an interesting approach adopted by Burns and Krantz in the holomorphic setting, we prove some boundary versions of the Schwarz' Lemma and Cartan's Uniqueness Theorem for regular functions. We are also able to extend to the case of regular functions most of the related “rigidity” results known for holomorphic functions.     

Slice regular functions on real alternative algebras

In this paper we develop a theory of slice regular functions on a real alternative algebra A. Our approach is based on a well-known Fueter's construction. Two recent function theories can be included in our general theory: the one of slice regular functions of a quaternionic or octonionic variable and the theory of slice monogenic functions of a Clifford variable. Our approach permits to extend the range of these function theories and to obtain new results. In particular, we get a strong form of the fundamental theorem of algebra for an ample class of polynomials with coefficients in A and we prove a Cauchy integral formula for slice functions of class C¹.     

On the growth type of entire monogenic functions

In this paper we establish an explicit relation between the growth type of general entire solutions to the generalized Cauchy-Riemann system in \mathbbRⁿ⁺¹{\mathbb{R}^{n+1}} and their Taylor coefficients. This formula then enables us to compute the growth type of some higher dimensional generalizations of the trigonometric and special functions that are null-solutions to this system.     

On some structural sets and a quaternionic ‐hyperholomorphic function theory

Quaternionic analysis is regarded as a broadly accepted branch of classical analysis referring to many different types of extensions of the Cauchy‐Riemann equations to the quaternion skew field . It relies heavily on results on functions defined on domains in or with values in . This theory is centred around the concept of ψ‐hyperholomorphic functions related to a so‐called structural set ψ of or respectively. The main goal of this paper is to develop the nucleus of the ‐hyperholomorphic function theory, i.e., simultaneous null solutions of two Cauchy‐Riemann operators associated to a pair of structural sets of . Following a matrix approach, a generalized Borel‐Pompeiu formula and the corresponding Plemelj‐Sokhotzki formulae are established.     

A direct approach to quaternionic manifolds

The recent definition of slice regular function of several quaternionic variables suggests a new notion of quaternionic manifold. We give the definition of quaternionic regular manifold, as a space locally modeled on , in a slice regular sense. We exhibit some significant classes of examples, including manifolds which carry a quaternionic affine structure.     

Operators of p-evolution with nonregular coefficients in the time variable

We study the Cauchy problem for a class of p-evolution operators P(t,x,D_t,D_x) in , with less than coefficients with respect to the time variable.According to Lipschitz, log-lipschitz or Hölder regularity we find well-posedness in Sobolev spaces or in Gevrey classes.     

A surjectivity theorem for differential operators on spaces of regular functions

In this article we show that it is possible to construct a Koszul-type complex for maps given by suitable pairwise commuting matrices of polynomials. This result has applications to surjectivity theorems for constant coefficients differential operators of finite and infinite order. In particular, we construct a large class of constant coefficients differential operators which are surjective on the space of regular (or monogenic) functions on open convex sets.     

On the convergence properties of basic series representing special monogenic functions

In this paper, it is shown that certain classes of special monogenic functions cannot be represented by the basic series in the whole space. New definitions for the order of basis of special monogenic polynomials are given together with theorems on representation of classes of special monogenic functions in certain balls and at a point. Received: 8 January 2002