数学问题解答

20 0 0年 2月号问题解答(解答由问题提供人给出 )12 3 6.设 f( x) =( x2 2 x 3 ) x 3 ( x2 2 x 3 ) x2 ,当 x∈ R.证明 :f ( x)≥ 6.证明　∵　x2 2 x 3 =( x 1) 2 2≥ 2∴　对 x∈ R有　 ( x2 2 x 3 ) x 3 >0成立 .因此1°　当 x<-3时 ,f ( x) >0 2 x2 >2 9>6,这时命题成立 .2°　当 x≥ -3时 ,f ( x) =〔( x 1) 2 2〕x 3 〔( x 1) 2 2〕x2令　 x 1=t,由 x 3≥ 0 ,则 t 2≥ 0那么　 f ( x) =g ( t) =( t2 2 ) t 2 ( t2 2 ) (t-1 ) 2≥ 2 t 2 2 t2 -2 t 1 =4· 2 t 2· 2 t2 -2 t= ( 2 t 2 t 2 t 2 t) ( 2 t2 -2 t 2 …     

半线性二阶阻尼微分方程的振动定理

利用积分平均技巧,得到了半线性二阶阻尼微分方程[a(t)|x′(t)|α-1x′(t)]′+p(t)k(t,x(t),x′(t))x′(t)+q(t)|x(t)|α-1x(t)=0的一些新的振动定理.这些结果改进和推广了Manojlovic J V[5]的结果.     

具时滞的高维周期系统周期解的存在性与唯一性

本文考虑了具时滞的高维周期系统x’(t)=A(t,x(t))x(t)+f(t,x(t-r)),其中(t,x)∈R×R~n,A(t,x)是n×n连续矩阵,f(t,x)是n维连续向量,且A(t+T,x)=A(T,x),f(t十T,x)=f(t,x).利用不动点方法,建立了保证其T周期解的存在性及唯一性的充分条件.所得结果推广、改进了文[1-3]的主要结果.     

NEUMANN PROBLEM FOR THE LANDAU-LIFSHITZ-MAXWELL SYSTEM IN TWO DIMENSIONS

91. IntroductionIn 1935, LandauLifshitz[1] proposed the fOllowing coupled system of the nonlinear evo-lution equationZr = --a,t x (2 x (b f H)) a,E x (b f A), (1.1)- 8E7 x H = -- aE, (1.2)0t- 0H 0ZV x E = ---- -- pfZ0t p7' (1'3)v. A gv. 2 = 0, v. E = 0, (l.4)where a1, a2, a, g are constants, cr1 2 0, a 2 0, Z(x,t) = (Z1(x,t), Z2(x,t), Z3(x,t))denotes the microscopic magnetization field, H = (H1 (x, f), H2(x, t), H3(x, t)) the magneticfield, E(x, t) = (E1(x, t), E2(x, t), E3(…     

EXISTENCE OF WEAK SOLUTIONS OF 3-D EULER EQUATIONS WITH AXIAL SYMMETRV

1IntroductionInthispaper,weconsidertilefollowillgeqllatiolls:wilerstheunknownfullctionsarevelocityfields'd(x.t)=(.UI(x.t)..uZ(x.t)..it3(x,t))itlldscalarpressurefunctiollp(x,t).Asweallknow,(1.l)istheNavier-Stokesequatiollswithviscosityealld(1.2)istheEulerequationsobtainedbyvanishingtheviscosityill(1.1).Tilershavebeedalargellumberofresultsabout2-DEulerequatiolls.Butillthreedilllellsioll,illersisstillfewresults.TillsispartiallybecauseofthefactthattwodillleusiollalNavier-Stokescquatiollshasbe…     

一类中立型脉冲积分微分方程概周期解的存在性和唯一性

考虑具连续时滞和离散时滞的中立型脉冲积分微分方程去{d/dt[x(t)+q∑j=1ej(t)x(t-δj(t))]=A(t,x(t))x(t)+t∫-∞C(t,s)x(s)ds+p∑j=1gj(t,x(t=Ti(t)))+b(t),t≠tk,tktk+1,△x(t)=Bkx(t)+Ik(x(t))+γk,.t=tk,k∈Z.概周期解的存在性和唯一性问题.利用线性系统指数二分性理论和不动点定理,莸得了保证中立型系统概周期解存在性和唯一性的充分条件,推广了相关文献的主要结果.     

Optimal Transportation for Generalized Lagrangian

This paper deals with the optimal transportation for generalized Lagrangian L = L(x, u, t), and considers the following cost function: c(x, y) = inf x(0)=x x(1)=y u∈U∫_0~1 L(x(s), u(x(s), s), s)ds, where U is a control set, and x satisfies the ordinary equation x(s) = f(x(s), u(x(s), s)).It is proved that under the condition that the initial measure μ0 is absolutely continuous w.r.t. the Lebesgue measure, the Monge problem has a solution, and the optimal transport map just walks along the characteristic curves of the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi equation:V_t(t, x) + sup u∈UV_x(t, x), f(x, u(x(t), t), t)-L(x(t), u(x(t), t), t) = 0,V(0, x) = Φ0(x).     

一类具分布时滞的微分方程的正周期解的存在性与多解性

讨论具分布时滞的微分方程x′(t)=-a(t,x)x(t)+∫-0τf(t,r,x(t+r))dr,x′(t)=a(t,x)x(t)-∫0-τf(t,r,x(t+r))drx′(t)=-g(t,x(t))+∫0-τf(t,r,x(t+r))dr,x′(t)=g(t,x(t))-∫0-τf(t,r,x(t+r))dr正周期解问题,利用锥不动点定理,获得了这类问题正解存在性和多重性的充分条件,推广了已有文献的相关结果.     

带p-laplace算子的两点边值问题三个正解的存在性

利用一个不动点定理,研究一类具有p-laplace算子的二阶微分方程的两点边值问题(φp(x′(t)))′+q(t)f(t,x(t),x′(t))=0,x(0)-B(x′(0))=0,x(1)+B(x′(1))=0.给出了三个正解存在的充分条件.推广并丰富了以往文献的一些结论.     

Asymptotic Error Expansion for the Nystrom Method of Nonlinear Volterra Integral Equation of the Second Kind

1.IntroductionConsiderthenonlinearVolterraintegraJequationofthesecondkindHere,u(x)isanunknownfunction,f(x)andK(x,t,u)aregivencontinuousfunctionsdefined,respectively,on[a,b1andD={(x,t,u):aSx5b,aSt5x)-oc相似文献   

三阶非线性中立型微分方程的振动性

研究三阶中立型时滞微分方程(r(t)[x(t)+p(t)x(σ(t))]″)′+q(t)f(x(t),x[q(t)])h(x′(t))=0的振动性和渐进性.给出了方程一切解振动或者渐近趋向于零的若干充分条件.     

具连续变量脉冲差分方程解的振动性

考虑新的一类具有连续变量的脉冲差分方程x(t τ) - x(t) p(t)x(t - rτ) =0,x(tk τ) - x(tk) = bkx(tk),　t≥t0 -τ,t≠tk,t∈N(1),其中p(t)是[t0 -τ,∞]上的非负连续函数,τ>0,bk 是常数,r是正整数, 0≤t0 < t1 < t2 <…< tk <…且limk→∞tk =∞,获得了方程所有解振动的充分条件.     

一类含混合常数变元脉冲微分系统解的振动性

考虑下列二阶脉冲微分系统解的振动性{(r(t))(x′(t)σ)′ a(t)(x([t]))δ e(t)sgn x(t)=0,t≠n,t≥0,n∈Z ,x(n)=gn(x(n-)),x′(n)=hn(x′(n-)),t=n,n=1,2,…,其中s,d是任意给定的正奇数的商.借助脉冲微分不等式得到了保证上述系统所有有界解振动的若干充分条件,并给出例子说明定理的应用.     

Radial Solutions of Free Boundary Problems for Degenerate Parabolic Equations

ln this paper we are devoted to the free boundary problem {u_t = ΔA(u) \quad (x,t) ∈ G_{r,r} u(x, 0) = φ(x) \quad ∈ G_0 u|_r = 0 (\frac{∂A(u)}{∂x_i}v_i + ψ(x)v_1)|_r = 0, where A'(u) ≥ 0. Under suitable assumptions we obtain the existence and uniqueness of global radial solutions for n =2 and local radial solutions for n ≥ 3.     

Oscillatory Property of n-th Order Functional Differential Equations

The authors study oscillatory property of nonlinear functional differential equation $L_nx(t)+p(t)f(x(t),x(g(t)))=r(t)$(1) where L_nx(t) is an n-th order linear differential operator defined by $L_0x(t)=x(t)$, $L_kx(t)=\frac{d}{dt}(a_k-1(t)L_k-1x(t)),k=1,2,\cdots,n.$ Sufficient conditions are obtained which guarantee that all continuable solutions of (1) are oscillatory or tend to zero as t\rightarrow \infinity.     

二阶非线性脉冲微分方程的振动性

考虑二阶脉冲微分方程(r(t)(x′(t))σ)′+f(t,x(t),x′(t))=0,t t0,t≠tk,k=1,2,…x(tk+)=gk(x(tk)),x′(tk+)=hk(x′(tk)),k=1,2,…(E)其中0 t0相似文献   

关于二阶完全非线性抛物组的差分格式

则称二阶完全非线性组(1)是一致抛物的.我们在矩形域Q_T={0≤x≤l,0≤t≤T}(l>0,T>0)上研究方程组(1)满足边界条件     

Difference Schemes of Fully Nonlinear Parabolic Systems of Second Order

The general difference schemes for the first boundary problem of the fully nonlinear parabolic systems of second order f(x, t, u, u_x, u_{xx}, u_t) = 0 are considered in the rectangular domain Q_T = {0 ≤ x ≤ l, 0 ≤ t ≤ T}, where u(x, t) and f(x, t, u, p, r, q) are two m-dimensional vector functions with m ≥ 1 for (x, t) ∈ Q_T and u, p, r, q ∈ R^m. The existence and the estimates of solutions for the finite difference system are established by the fixed point technique. The absolute and relative stability and convergence of difference schemes are justified by means of a series of a priori estimates. In the present study, the existence of unique smooth solution of the original problem is assumed. The similar results for nonlinear and quasilinear parabolic systems are also obtained.     

On the boundedness and the asymptotic behaviour of the non-negative solutions of Volterra-Hammerstein integral equations

We study the Volterra-Hammerstein integral equation $$U(t,x) = U_O (t,x) + \mathop \smallint \limits_O^t \mathop \smallint \limits_D f(y, U (t - s,y)) h (x,y,s)dsdy,$$ t≥0, x∈D. We derive sufficient conditions for the boundedness of all non-negative solutions U. We show that, for bounded non-negative solutions U, U(t,.) is positive on D for sufficiently large t>0, if we impose appropriate positivity assumptions on f and h. If we additionally assume that, for y∈D, rf(y,r) strictly monotone increases and f(y,r)/r strictly monotone decreases as r>0 increases, the following alternative holds for any bounded non-negative solution U: Either U(t,.) converges toward zero for t→∞, pointwise on D, or U(t,.) converges, for t→∞, toward the unique bounded positive solution of the corresponding Hammerstein integral equation, uniformly on D. We indicate conditions for the occurrence of each of the two cases.