光学应用 光学生物学应用

Q63∥O436.1 2006043799高数值孔径聚焦三维光链的研究=Study of 3D opticalchain with highly focused vector beam[刊,中]/张艳丽(中国科学技术大学物理系.安徽,合肥(230026)) ,赵逸琼…∥物理学报.—2006 ,55(3) .—1253-1258通过设计衍射光学元件对入射矢量光进行调制,在高数值孔径聚焦系统焦点附近产生沿光轴方向的三维多点光俘获结构—光链。并针对不同的入射矢量偏振、聚焦透镜的数值孔径以及衍射光学元件结构,对光链性能的影响分别进行了系统的分析,实现对该独特光俘获结构的可控性研究。图9表1参22(严寒)Q63 2006043800世界生物…     

高数值孔径聚焦系统中的光学参量对三维双光链的影响

设计了衍射光学元件,利用该元件对入射的角向偏振拉盖尔-高斯矢量光束进行调制,在高数值孔径聚焦透镜的焦平面附近获得了沿光轴方向成对的三维多点光俘获结构——双光链。分析了入射光束的参数(缔合拉盖尔多项式的拓扑荷数和径向模数以及光束的拦截比)、衍射光学元件的内外环结构和聚焦透镜的数值孔径对双光链的影响。结果表明,改变拓扑荷数和径向模数会破坏双光链结构,通过调节拦截比和衍射光学元件的结构可重新获得双光链,从而实现对双光链结构的高自由度控制。     

双环贝塞尔-高斯径向偏振光束经介质分界面的强聚焦

基于矢量德拜理论,研究了贝塞尔-高斯径向偏振光束经过衍射光学元件(DOE)和高数值孔径(NA)透镜组成的光学系统后经介质分界面的强聚焦特性。设计DOE的参数对入射的贝塞尔-高斯径向偏振光束进行调制,在聚焦场中能得到沿光轴方向的三维多点光俘获结构-光链。研究结果表明,入射光束的拦截比(即透镜孔径半径与入射光束束腰半径比)、数值孔径和聚焦场介质折射率都会影响光束的强聚焦特性。当光束的拦截比增大到一个值时,聚焦场的光链会转变成暗通道,并且在不改变暗通道宽度的情况下,暗通道的长度会随着介质折射率的增大而增长。     

基于高阶角向偏振拉盖尔高斯涡旋光束强聚焦的三光链结构

依据角向偏振涡旋光束强聚焦有径向分量的结论,修正了角向偏振涡旋光束的强聚焦场公式,重新研究了高阶角向偏振拉盖尔高斯涡旋光束经过衍射光学元件和高数值孔径透镜后的强聚焦特性。结果发现,在焦平面附近获得了新的三维三光链结构(沿着光轴方向的一条三维主光链和对称的两条三维傍轴次光链),详细分析了入射光束缔合拉盖尔多项式的径向模数和光束的拦截比、衍射光学元件结构和聚焦系统的数值孔径对三光链的影响。结果表明,径向模数的改变会破坏三光链结构,通过调控衍射光学元件结构和拦截比可以重新获得对称性更高的三光链结构,从而实现对三光链结构的高自由度调控。     

基于可调谐复振幅滤波器的超长焦深矢量光场

根据矢量光场衍射积分理论和离散复振幅光瞳滤波原理, 通过一种由双λ/2波片和离散复振幅滤波器组成的可调谐复振幅滤波器, 研究了大数值孔径下超长焦深聚焦矢量光场的构建与调控. 给出了一个六环带区的离散复振幅滤波器, 对入射光场的偏振态、振幅滤波和相位滤波三者进行同步优化, 获得了焦深接近10λ的三维平顶光场; 通过调控双λ/2波片夹角来改变聚焦光场的矢量化结构, 使之在光针场、平顶光场、光管场及中间结构光场之间交替变化. 研究结果揭示了入射光场矢量化结构演化与聚焦光场矢量化结构变换之间的关系, 解决了获取动态的、可调控的超长焦深聚焦光场的问题. 两种基本的聚焦光场光针场、光管场的独自使用或三维平顶光场的调和使用, 将会在光学显微、光学微纳操控以及光学精细加工领域获得重要应用.     

新型衍射光学聚焦透镜元件设计

近年来，随着衍射光学技术的发展和应用，利用衍射光栅进行光束的谐波分离成为各国研究的新热点。我们基于傅里叶模矢量衍射理论方法设计了一种聚焦透射光栅（FTG）元件，它需要3种光学元件（谐波分离光栅、光束取样光栅及聚焦透镜）将实现的功能集成于一体。FTG的结构类似于离轴的菲涅尔波带片，它能将入射的平面波聚焦到一点。由于FTG针对三倍频光设计，只有三倍频光通过它后会聚焦到一点，而基频和二倍频光将直接通过，从而同时实现谐波分离及聚焦功能，而利用反射光即可实现对三倍频光的取样，原理见图1。     

三环位相型光瞳滤波器的横向超分辨与轴向焦深扩展

用矢量衍射方法分析了线偏振光入射到带有三环位相型光瞳滤波器的高数值孔径物镜时,焦点的轴向和横向光强分布.数值模拟结果表明,高数值孔径物镜聚焦时需同时考虑光强的轴向和横向分布.通过加入三环位相光瞳滤波器,在实现横向超分辨的同时实现了光学系统轴向焦深扩展和轴向光强分布平坦化,并且位相调制深度变化时,会出现轴向焦移现象.对三环位相光瞳滤波器结构进行了优化,得出了优化结果. 关键词： 光学超分辨 扩展焦深 位相型光瞳滤波器 矢量衍射方法     

三环非均匀混合偏振同轴矢量光束的聚焦特性

基于Richards-Wolf矢量衍射积分公式,数值分析了同轴三环非均匀混合偏振矢量光束经过高数值孔径透镜的聚焦特性。该矢量光束由同轴三环局域线偏振矢量光束通过一个相位延迟角为δ的液晶相位延迟器产生,光束偏振变为包含线偏振、圆偏振和椭圆偏振的混合态。同轴三环局域线偏振矢量光束的偏振分布是由径向向内偏振的外环光束、径向向外偏振的内环光束和线偏振方向与径向方向夹角为φ2的中环光束构成。数值模拟结果显示该混合偏振矢量光束的聚焦强度分布与参数φ2和相位延迟角δ密切相关,当选取适当的φ2和δ时,在焦平面附近产生沿光轴方向的三维多点光俘获结构——暗光链,这在光学微操纵领域具有潜在的应用价值。     

径向偏振光三维超分辨衍射光学元件设计

针对径向偏振光入射,设计了三维超分辨衍射光学元件。对径向偏振光大数值孔径聚焦特性的分析表明,纵向分量是影响聚焦主瓣的三维光强分布的主要因素。仅考虑径向偏振光聚焦场的纵向分量,沿用线偏振光入射时三维超分辨衍射光学元件的全局优化方法,利用线性规划设计了三维超分辨的0,π结构的纯相位元件。考虑径向偏振光聚焦场的径向和纵向分量,计算了三维超分辨性能。与线偏振光的性能对比表明,尽管仅考虑聚焦场纵向分量设计的衍射光学元件不是全局最优解,但其三维超分辨性能明显优于线偏振光,证明了仅考虑径向偏振光聚焦场的纵向分量进行三维超分辨衍射光学元件优化的有效性。     

4pi聚焦系统中振幅和相位调制的径向偏振涡旋光束聚焦特性的研究

基于Richards-Wolf矢量衍射积分公式, 研究了径向偏振涡旋光束在振幅和相位调制下的4pi聚焦特性.振幅调制是通过振幅滤波实现, 即改变入射光束起始积分值达到调节,相位调制是通过添加相位延迟角δ 的液晶相位延迟器来改变入射光束的偏振态.模拟结果显示,随着振幅的减小, 4pi聚焦系统焦点附近的光轴上呈现出多光球结构; 而相位调制对焦点附近的光强分布产生拉伸作用, 即调节入射光束的拓扑核m和相位延迟器的延迟角δ,可以得到特殊的光强分布. 随着相位δ增大, m=0产生的多光球结构慢慢向光链结构转变,最终变成暗通道;而m=1产生的光链结构慢慢变成光球结构; m=2产生的暗通道变成光球和光链叠加的结构, 这种特殊聚焦光束在光学微操纵领域具有潜在的应用价值. 关键词： 物理光学 偏振 光链 4pi聚焦系统     

Study on polarization effect of azimuthally polarized LG beam in high NA Lens system

Based on vector diffraction theory, the intensity distributions of azimuthally polarized double-ring-shaped higher order beams near the focus are calculated numerically. It is shown that a subwavelength focal hole with a quite long depth of focus, multiple focal holes are achieved near the focus, when tuning β (is the ratio of the pupil radius to the beam waist) in the focal plane for different modes under tight focusing through high NA lens. Such kind of beams plays an important role in optical trapping, laser cutting and optical manipulation applications.     

Focus shaping of tightly focused TEM11 mode cylindrically polarized Laguerre Gaussian beam by diffractive optical element

We study the focus shaping of tightly focused TEM₁₁ mode cylindrically polarized Laguerre Gaussian beam with high numerical aperture lens axicon system is investigated theoretically by vector diffraction theory. The intensity pattern at the focus can be tailored by appropriately adjusting the rotation angle. We show that the high NA lens axicon system can generates a sub wavelength focal spot, focal hole, focal splitting and flat-topped focal shapes with extended depth of focus.     

Generation of sub wavelength super-long dark channel using high NA lens axicon

We investigate the focusing properties of a double-ring-shaped azimuthally polarized beam by a high numerical aperture (NA) lens axicon based on vector diffraction theory. We observe that our proposed system generates a sub wavelength focal hole of 0.5λ having large uniform focal depth of 48λ without any annular aperture. We also observed that the distribution of the total intensity near the focus has little variation with the degree of truncation β of the incident beam by the pupil. The authors expect such a super-long dark channel may find applications in optical, biological, and atmospheric sciences.     

利用高偏振级次轴对称偏振光束实现三维光学捕获

We propose a novel single-beam multiple 3D optical trapping scheme using higher polarization order axially-symmetric polarized beams in an aplanatic focusing system. We calculate numerically the intensity distribution near the focus which presents a multi-focus-spot pattern and provides the possibility of multiple optical trapping. We also calculate the corresponding gradient force distribution near the focus. Finally we introduce a 3D optical chain by combining the single-beam system with a single diffractive optical element.     

利用高偏振级次轴对称偏振光束实现三维光学捕获(英文)

We propose a novel single-beam multiple 3D optical trapping scheme using higher polarization order axially-symmetric polarized beams in an aplanatic focusing system. We calculate numerically the intensity distribution near the focus which presents a multi-focus-spot pattern and provides the possibility of multiple optical trapping. We also calculate the corresponding gradient force distribution near the focus. Finally we introduce a 3D optical chain by combining the single-beam system with a single diffract...     

Tight focusing of a double-ring-shaped, azimuthally polarized beam

We study the focusing properties of a double-ring-shaped azimuthally polarized beam through an annular high NA objective lens. It is shown that a subwavelength focal hole (～0.5λ) with a quite long depth of focus (～26λ) is achieved near the focus. This kind of nondiffracting focal hole is called dark channel, which may have applications in atom optical experiments, such as with atomic lenses, atom traps, and atom switches.     

Tight focusing of double ring shaped radially polarized beam with high NA lens axicon

A method is presented for generation of a sub wavelength (0.45λ) longitudinally polarized beam, which propagates without divergence over lengths of about 8λ in free space. This is achieved by tight focusing of double ring shaped radially polarized beam with a high NA lens axicon that utilizes spherical aberration to duplicate the performance of an axicon and to create an extended focal line. The intensity distributions were calculated based on the vector diffraction theory and it was observed that in the case of high numerical aperture (NA) lens axicon, the distribution of the total intensity near the focus had little effect on the degree of truncation of the incident beam by the pupil.     

Creation of a three-dimensional optical chain for controllable particle delivery

We propose a design for producing a conveyable quasi-periodic optical chain that can stably trap and deliver multiple individual particles in three dimensions at different planes near the focus. A diffractive optical element (DOE) is designed to spatially modulate the phase of an incoming radially polarized beam. For a tighly focused beam, a three-dimensional (3D) optical chain can be formed because of the difference in the Gouy phase shift from two concentric regions of the DOE. A desired number of particles can be stably tweezed one by one with individual 3D volumes in this trapping structure. By controlling the phase modulation of the incident beam, one can manipulate the interference pattern to accelerate and transport trapped particles along the optical axis in a prescribed way.     

Generation of sub wavelength focal spot with large depth of focus generated by radially polarized beam

We investigate the focusing properties of a radially polarized Bessel Gaussian beam by a high numerical aperture (NA) lens based on vector diffraction theory. We observe that our proposed system generates a sub wavelength focal spot of 0.42λ having large uniform focal depth of 6.45λ. The authors expect such a long depth of focus have great potential for use in optical, biological, high-resolution and atmospheric sciences.