Polysaccharide from the leaves ofPhytolacca americana

A polysaccharide has been isolated from the leaves ofPhytolacca americana and has been characterized. It has been established that it contains residues of galactose, arabinose, xylose, and rhamnose, in a ratio of 3:4:1:3 and also D-galacturonic acid (85–90%). The results obtained permit the polysaccharide to be assigned to the class of pectin substances.All-Union Oncologic Scientific Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 166–169, March–April, 1982.     

Esters fromFerula stylosa

From the total extractive substances of the roots ofFerula stylosa two esters have been isolated: chimganin and a new one — stylosin. The structure of stylosin is suggested as the ester of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid and the monoterpene alcohol fenchol.Azerbaidzhan SSR, Baku, and All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 789–791, November–December, 1980.     

Isolation of cyclocolorenone from the essential oil ofLedum palustre

Summary From a carbon dioxide extract and also from the essential oil of the leaves ofLedum palustre L. the sesquiterpene ketone cyclocolorenone, hitherto unreported for this medicinal plant, has been isolated. The structure proposed for it previously has been confirmed by NMR and mass spectroscopy and also by the production of hydrogenation products.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 212–215, March–April, 1978.     

Terpenoids of the rhizomes ofRhodiola rosea

The structures of two new monoterpene compounds isolated from the rhizomes ofRhodiola rosea L. (Crassulaceae) have been established: 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-diene-1,4-diol (rosiridol) and 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-diene-1,4-diol 1-O--D-glucopyranoside (rosiridin). Daucosterol has been isolated from the rhizomes of this plant for the first time.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 632–636, September–October, 1985.     

Primary structure of stellin B

Stellin B, a protamine fromAcipenser stellatus, has been subjected to thermolysin hydrolysis. Eight peptides have been isolated by chromatography on CM-Sephadex, and their structures have been determined by dansylation and by hydrolysis with carboxypeptidases A and B and with trypsin. From the results obtained, the complete amino acid sequence of stellin B has been established.M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 700–704, September–October, 1979.     

A study of the sex pheromone ofTortrix viridana

cis-Tetradec-ll-en-l-ol acetate has been isolated from an extract of the sex pheromone of the green oak tortrixTortrix viridana L., and has proved to be attractive under sexual conditions for the males of this species.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Biological Methods of Plant Protection, Kishinev, Moldles Moldavian Forestry Scientific-Production Amalgamation, Bendery, and All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Chemical Means of Plant Protection, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 645–649, September–October, 1981.     

Lactones ofFerula gigantea

The following substances have been isolated from an acetone extract ofFerula gigantea B. Fedtsch.: a coumarin — umbelliferone, C₉H₆O₂, mp 230–233°C; and sesquiterpene lactones — talassin A, C₂₅H₃₀O₇, mp 188–191°C; malaphyllinin, C₂₄H₂₄O₇, mp 231–235°C; malaphyll, C₂₉H₃₂O₉, mp 212–213°C; and malaphyllin, C₂₆H₂₈O₉, mp 216–218°C. Structures have been proposed for three new sesquiterpene lactones on the basis of an analysis of their spectral characteristics.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Botanical Garden, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 490–495, July–August, 1979.     

Isolation of fusicoccin from a culture filtrate ofFusicoccum amygdali

Fusicoccin A has been isolated from a culture filtrate of the filtrate of the fungusFusicoccum amygdali Del., and it has been characterized as an -glycoside of a tricyclic diterpenoid. The trimethylsilyl derivative of fusicoccin A has been investigated by combined GLC and mass spectrometry.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Applied Biology and Genetics, VASKhNIL, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 792–796, November–December, 1980.     

Configuration of stereoisomers of naringenin 5-glucoside present in flamin

The configurations of the C-2 chiral centers of the stereoisomers of naringenin 5-glucoside isolated from flamin by HPLC have been established by the method of circular dichroism. One of the stereoisomers is (–)-2S-naringenin 5-glucoside and the other has been characterized as a molecular compound containing the 5-glucosides of (+)-2R- and (–)-2S-naringenins in a ratio of 2:1.1st I. M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Institute. M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University. All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 185–188, March–April, 1989.     

Isolation and properties of trypsin inhibitors from the seeds ofLupinus luteus andL. polyphyllus

From dormant seeds of European yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) and Washington lupin (Lupinus polyphyllus) inhibitors have been isolated that effectively suppress the activity of trypsin and interact nonstochiometrically with chymotrypsin. From their physicochemical properties and aminoacid compositions, the inhibitors from the species of lupin investigated belong to different types.V. F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany, Belarusian Academy of Sciences, Minsk. A. N. Bakh Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 879–884, November–December, 1993.     

O-acylated flavonoid glycosides from the needles ofPicea obovata II. 3′- and 6′-isomers of p-coumaroylastragalin

Two monoacylated glycosides have been isolated from the needles ofPicea obovata — the previously unknown 3-p-coumaroylastragalin (I) and 6-p-coumaroylastragalin (II). It has been established that under the conditions of mild saponification and acid hydrolysis isomerization of (I) into (II) and the splitting out of the acy1 residue takes place. The position of the acy1 substituent has been shown by PMR spectroscopy using the INDOR method. The physicochemical characteristics of the acylated glycosides and of their heptaacetates are given.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Irkutsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 186–190, March–April, 1980.     

The sesquiterpene lactones ofStizolophus balsamita

Summary From the epigeal part ofStizolophus balsamita (Lam.) Cass. ex Takht. a new sesquiterpene lactone balsamin has been isolated with the composition C₂₀H₂₆O₆, mp 242–244°C (from ethanol), [] _D ¹⁷ –45.70° (c 1.9; chloroform). Do the basis of the basis of the IR, UV, and PMR spectra of balsamin and its acetate, a stereochemical structure has been proposed for balsamin, and the structures of stizolin and stizolicin isolated previously from the same plant have also been supplemented by stereochemistry.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 467–472, July–August, 1976.     

Oxidation of fusidic acid

Summary 11-Oxofusidic acid — a previously unknown keto derivative of the antibiotic — has been isolated from the products of the oxidation of fusidic acid by chromium trioxide.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Antibiotics, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 66–69, January–February, 1979.     

Flavanones ofTanacetum sibiricum

Six flavanones have been isolated for the first time from Siberian tansy, and two of them have proved to be new compounds.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 721–728, November–December, 1981.     

The lactones ofFerula malacophylla

Summary 1. From the roots ofFerula malacophylla three sesquiterpene lactones have been isolated: talassin A and the two new ones — malaphyll and malaphyllin.2. On the basis of spectral and chemical characteristics, for malaphyll is proposed the structure of 1-oxo-11-seneciocyloxy-6-veratroyloxyguaia-2,8-dien-4,5-olide, and for malaphyllin 11-acetoxy-1-oxo-6-veratroyloxyguaia-2,8-dien-4,5-olide.V. L. Komarov Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaidzhan SSR, Baku. All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 445–449, July–August, 1978.     

Secondary metabolites of Pyricularia oryzae II. Polyketide metabolites

A number of exometabolites have been isolated from the deuteromycetePyricularia oryzae Cav., of which harman and O-demethyldiaporthin have been isolated from this species for the first time. The latter is the first example of a hexaketide from fungi of the genusPyricularia, for which only penta- and heptaketides have previously been described.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 471–475, July–August, 1991.     

Phenylpropanoids of a callus culture of Rhodiola rosea

Using 11 phenylpropanoids isolated from the biomass of a callus culture of roseroot stonecrop, the component compositions in the biomasses of callus and suspension cultures have been studied and their triandrin contents have been determined by the HPLC method.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Scientific Production Combine, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 481–490, July–August, 1991.